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Herbicide safener increases weed-management tools for control of annual grasses in wheat

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2020

Damilola A. Raiyemo Open the ORCID record for Damilola A. Raiyemo [Opens in a new window] ,
William J. Price ,
Traci A. Rauch ,
Joan M. Campbell ,
Fangming Xiao ,
Rong Ma ,
Rachel Gross  and
Timothy S. Prather
Damilola A. Raiyemo*
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
William J. Price
Affiliation:
Director, Statistical Programs, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
Traci A. Rauch
Affiliation:
Research Associate, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
Joan M. Campbell
Affiliation:
Principal Researcher, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
Fangming Xiao
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
Rong Ma
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA; current: Agrochemical Discovery Lead, Bayer CropScience, Chesterfield, MO, USA
Rachel Gross
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
Timothy S. Prather
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Damilola A. Raiyemo, Graduate Student, Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, Moscow, ID, 83844-2333. (Email: raiy0068@vandals.uidaho.edu)
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Abstract

Annual grass weeds reduce profits of wheat farmers in the Pacific Northwest. The very-long-chain fatty acid elongase (VLCFA)-inhibiting herbicides S-metolachlor and dimethenamid-P could expand options for control of annual grasses but are not registered in wheat, because of crop injury. We evaluated a safener, fluxofenim, applied to wheat seed for protection of 19 soft white winter wheat varieties from S-metolachlor, dimethenamid-P, and pyroxasulfone herbicides; investigated the response of six varieties (UI Sparrow, LWW 15-72223, UI Magic CL+, Brundage 96, UI Castle CL+, and UI Palouse CL+) to incremental doses of fluxofenim; established the fluxofenim dose required to optimally protect the varieties from VLCFA-inhibiting herbicides; and assessed the impact of fluxofenim dose on glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in three wheat varieties (UI Sparrow, Brundage 96, and UI Castle CL+). Fluxofenim increased the biomass of four varieties treated with S-metolachlor or dimethenamid-P herbicides and one variety treated with pyroxasulfone. Three varieties showed tolerance to the herbicides regardless of the fluxofenim treatment. Estimated fluxofenim doses resulting in 10% biomass reduction of wheat ranged from 0.55 to 1.23 g ai kg−1 seed. Fluxofenim doses resulting in 90% increased biomass after treatment with S-metolachlor, dimethenamid-P, and pyroxasulfone ranged from 0.07 to 0.55, 0.09 to 0.73, and 0.30 to 1.03 g ai kg−1 seed, respectively. Fluxofenim at 0.36 g ai kg−1 seed increased GST activity in UI Castle CL+, UI Sparrow, and Brundage 96 by 58%, 30%, and 38%, respectively. These results suggest fluxofenim would not damage wheat seedlings up to three times the rate labeled for sorghum, and fluxofenim protects soft white winter wheat varieties from S-metolachlor, dimethenamid-P, or pyroxasulfone injury at the herbicide rates evaluated.

Keywords

Dimethenamid-PfluxofenimpyroxasulfoneS-metolachlorsorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moenchwheat, Triticum aestivum L.VLCFA inhibitorscrop tolerancedose-response analysisglutathione S-transferase
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 35 , Issue 2 , April 2021 , pp. 309 - 318
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: David Johnson, Corteva Agriscience

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