| 靳亚忠,熊亚男,齐娟,刘蕾庆,任金立,李春霞,卢美燕,陈慧,陈泳池.黄瓜嫁接苗与接种哈茨木霉菌黄瓜直根苗对根腐病防效及根系生理响应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(4):10~22 |
| 黄瓜嫁接苗与接种哈茨木霉菌黄瓜直根苗对根腐病防效及根系生理响应 |
| Control efficiency and root physiological response of cucumber grafted seedlings and cucumber straight root seedlings inoculated with Trichoderma harzianum on root rot |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.04.02 |
| 中文关键词: 黄瓜直根苗 黄瓜嫁接苗 根腐病 哈茨木霉菌 |
| 英文关键词:cucumber seedling grafting cucumber seedling root rot Trichoderma harzianum |
| 基金项目:青岛金妈妈农业科技有限公司技术合作项目；黑龙江省自然科学基金(C2016039)；博士科研启动基金(XDB2015-01) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明黄瓜嫁接栽培与木霉菌使用提高黄瓜幼苗抗根腐病的能力及生理调节的差异，利用哈茨木霉菌DQ002和根腐病病原菌孢子悬浮液对黄瓜直根苗根部接种与根腐病病原菌孢子悬浮液对黄瓜嫁接苗进行根部接种处理，测定黄瓜直根苗和黄瓜嫁接苗病害发生率及根系生理变化。结果表明：哈茨木霉菌DQ002通过激发黄瓜直根苗根系中POD、PPO、SOD活性而抑制了H2O2积累和O-2的产生速率，并促进了黄瓜直根苗根系PAL、几丁质酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性以及类黄酮含量升高，提高了抗病性；接种根腐病菌，黄瓜嫁接(T2)提高了根系中POD活性、培养前期PPO活性及培养后期SOD的活性，降低了H2O2的积累和O-2产生速率，促进了PAL、几丁质酶及培养后期的β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性，但H2O2的积累和O-2产生速率显著高于哈茨木霉菌DQ002处理的黄瓜直根苗，而PAL、几丁质酶、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性以及类黄酮含量明显低于木霉菌处理的直根苗；T3(先接种病原菌后接种木霉菌)和T4(先接种木霉菌后接种病原菌)处理的黄瓜直根苗根腐病的发病率分别为22.39%和17.87%，病情指数分别为23.03%和14.33%，明显低于CK1(清水处理直根苗)和T1（单独病原菌处理直根苗）处理的发病率(35.82%和57.39%)和病情指数(37.10%和46.97%)，以及黄瓜嫁接苗(T2)的发病率(42.90%)和病情指数(40.47%)，但哈茨木霉菌使用时间不同则效果有异。黄瓜嫁接和哈茨木霉菌DQ002处理直根苗能提高黄瓜苗对根腐病的抗性，但是二者对黄瓜苗根系生理的调节作用存在差异，可能是导致根腐病发生存在差异的生理原因之一。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the different ability between grafting culture and Trichoderma harzianum in improving the resistance of cucumber seedlings to root rot and its physiological regulation, cucumber straight root seedlings were treated with the spore suspensions of Trichoderma harzianum DQ002 and root rot pathogen by inoculation treatment in root, and grafted seedlings were treated with root rot pathogen by inoculation treatment in root. Meanwhile, the incidence rate of root rot and physiological changes in roots of cucumber straight root seedlings and grafted seedlings were measured. The results showed that Trichoderma harzianum DQ002 inhibited the accumulation of H2O2 and the production rate of O-2 by stimulating the activities of POD, PPO, SOD in the roots of cucumber straight seedlings. The activities of PAL, chitinase, β-1, 3-glucanase and the flavonoid content in root of cucumber straight root seedlings were increased, and the disease resistance was improved. Under the condition of inoculation with root rot pathogen, grafting (T2) increased POD activity, PPO activity in the early stage and SOD activity in the late stage, and decreased H2O2 accumulation and O-2 production rate, and promoted the activities of PAL and chitinase and β-1, 3-glucanase activity in the late stage. However, H2O2 accumulation and O-2 production rate in cucumber grafted seedlings were significantly higher than those in the straight root seedlings treated with Trichoderma harzianum DQ002(including T3 and T4), while the activities of PAL, chitinase, β-1, 3-glucanase and flavonoid content were markedly lower than those in the straight root seedlings treated with Trichoderma harzianum DQ002. In addition, the incidence and index of T3 (application of pathogen 2 days prior to application of Trichoderma) and T4 (application of Trichoderma 2 days prior to application of pathogen) were 22.39% and 17.87%, and disease index was 23.03% and 14.33%, respectively, which was significantly lower than that of CK1 (application of water), T1 (only application of pathogen) and cucumber grafted seedlings (T2). However, the application of Trichoderma harzianum in different times had different control effects on disease. The results indicated that both grafting culture of cucumber and Trichoderma harzianum DQ002 treatment on cucumber straight root seedlings improved the resistance of cucumber seedlings to root rot, but there were differences in the regulation of root physiology between both treatments, which might be one of the reasons for the difference in the occurrence of root rot. |
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