| 李玉环,何新林,杨丽莉,王禹植,徐阳.不同残膜量对土壤水盐运移及棉花生长发育的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2022,40(3):154~161 |
| 不同残膜量对土壤水盐运移及棉花生长发育的影响 |
| Effects of different amount of residual film on soil water and salt transport and cotton growth and development |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2022.03.19 |
| 中文关键词: 残膜量；水盐运移 棉花；生长特性 |
| 英文关键词:residual plastic film amount cotton water and salt movement growth characteristic |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(U1803244)；新疆生产建设兵团科技攻关计划项目（2018AB027） |
| 作者 | 单位 | | 李玉环 | 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆 石河子 832000；石河子大学现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000 | | 何新林 | 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆 石河子 832000；石河子大学现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000 | | 杨丽莉 | 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆 石河子 832000；石河子大学现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000 | | 王禹植 | 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆 石河子 832000；石河子大学现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000 | | 徐阳 | 石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆 石河子 832000；石河子大学现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆 石河子 832000 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了研究不同残膜量对棉田土壤水盐运移及棉花生长的影响，通过大田试验设置150 kg·hm-2（T1）、230 kg·hm-2（T2）、465 kg·hm-2（T3）、857 kg·hm-2（T4）、1 250 kg·hm-2（T5）、1 640 kg·hm-2（T6）以及原位土512 kg·hm-2（CK1）和无残膜（CK2）等8个残膜量梯度，测定棉花全生育期土壤体积含水率、灌水后盐分变化动态、株高、茎粗、叶面积产量。结果表明：随着残膜量的增加，0~60 cm剖面土壤体积含水率逐渐减少，其中0～20 cm土壤体积含水率减少幅度最大；花铃期随灌水后天数的增加土壤含盐量逐渐增多，且残膜量越多盐分分布越不均匀；棉花各生育期株高、茎粗、叶面积以及产量均表现为随残膜量的增加逐渐减小，且在残膜量为150 kg·hm-2时达到最大；当残膜量大于857 kg·hm-2时，棉花株高、茎粗、叶面积和产量下降幅度大。由此可见，残膜过多会影响土壤水盐运移及棉花的生长发育和产量，不利于农业的健康发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Eight residual film gradients of 150 kg·hm-2（T1）, 230 kg·hm-2（T2）, 465 kg·hm-2（T3），857 kg·hm-2（T4）, 1 250 kg·hm-2（T5）, 1 640 kg·hm-2（T6）, in situ soil 512 kg·hm-2（CK1） and no plastic film residue (CK2) were set up to determine the effects of different amount of residual film on soil water and salt transport and cotton growth and development. The soil volume moisture content, salt change dynamics after irrigation, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and yield of cotton during the whole growth period were measured. The results showed that with the increase of the amount of residual film, the soil volume moisture content of 0~60 cm profile gradually decreased, and among them, 0~20 cm soil volume moisture content decreased the most. At the flowering and bolling stage, the soil salt content increased gradually with the increase of days after irrigation, and the more residual film, the more uneven salt distribution. The plant height, stem diameter leaf area and yield of cotton decreased with the increase of residual film amount. When the residual film amount was 150 kg·hm-2, the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and yield of cotton reached the maximum. When the amount of residual film was greater than 857 kg·hm-2, the height, stem diameter, leaf area and yield of cotton decreased greatly. Therefore, too much residual film affected the soil moisture and salt movement and the growth and yield of cotton, which was not conducive to the healthy development of the crop. |
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