| 冯克云,王宁,南宏宇.甘肃河西棉花全生育期不同灌溉量对生长发育的影响及抗旱性评价[J].干旱地区农业研究,2015,33(5):140~146 |
| 甘肃河西棉花全生育期不同灌溉量对生长发育的影响及抗旱性评价 |
| Effects of different irrigation volumes during the entire growth period on development of cotton in Hexi area of Gansu and evaluation of its drought resistance |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2015.05.26 |
| 中文关键词: 棉花 灌溉 生长发育 灌溉水生产力 抗旱性评价 |
| 英文关键词:cotton irrigation growth and development irrigation water productivity drought evaluation |
| 基金项目:甘肃省科技重大专项(2013GS05926)；甘肃省农科院科技创新专项(2013GAAS18) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以陇棉1号、陇棉2号、陇棉3号、酒棉11号、酒棉15号、酒棉17号、新陆早39、新陆早48、硕丰2号、耕野6号、金垦108号等11个适宜甘肃河西走廊棉区种植的棉花品种为材料，在大田条件下研究了全生育期4 800（I1）、3 600（I2）、2 400（I3）、1 200 m3·hm-2（I4）不同灌溉水平对棉花生长发育的影响，分析了在不同灌溉条件下的棉花产量及灌溉水生产力，并用抗旱性综合评价D值法及抗旱指数法对参试棉花品种（系）进行了抗旱性评价。结果表明：大部分棉花品种的株高、果枝数、单株铃数、铃重、绒长、单株干重及籽棉产量在轻度的水分胁迫下增加，但在重度的水分胁迫下显著降低；所有棉花品种在I3灌溉水平下其灌溉水生产力最高，硕丰2号、新陆早48、酒棉11号、陇棉1号、陇棉3号、陇棉2号的最佳灌溉条件为I3，其产量与灌溉水生产力均达到最高，酒棉15号、新陆早39最佳灌溉条件为I2，耕野6号、金垦108号、酒棉17号在充足灌水条件下籽棉产量最高，但灌溉水生产力低；酒棉17号、陇棉3号为高抗旱品种，硕丰2号、耕野6号为中抗旱品种，新陆早48、陇棉1号、陇棉2号、金垦108号为弱抗旱品种，新陆早39、酒棉11、酒棉15号对干旱较为敏感。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Eleven suitable cotton (Gossypium hiristurum) cultivars in Hexi area of Gansu, Longmian No.1, Longmian No.2, Longmian No.3, Jiumian No.11, Jiumian No.15, Jiumian No.17, Xinluzao No.39, Xinluzao No.48, Shuofeng No.2, Gengye No.6 and Jinkeng No.108 were used to study the effects of different irrigation volumes including 4800 m3·hm-2(Ⅰ1), 3600 m3·hm-2(Ⅰ2), 2400 m3·hm-2(Ⅰ3), 1200 m3·hm-2(Ⅰ4) during the entire growth period on growth and development of cotton under field conditions. The yield and irrigation water productivity of cotton were analyzed and the drought resistance of those cultivars were also evaluated by comprehensive evaluation by D method and resistance index method. The results showed that the plant height, number of fruiting branch, boll number per plant, single boll weight, fuzz length, dry mass and seed cotton yield of most cotton cultivars became increased with mild water stress, but went decreased significantly under severe water stress. The irrigation water productivity of all the cultivars was highest at the I3 level. I3 level was the best irrigation condition for Shuofeng No.2, Xinluzao No.48, Jiumian No.11,Longmian No.1, Longmian No.3, and Longmian No.2, resulting in the highest yield and productivity. I2 level was the best irrigation practice for Jiumian No.15, Xinluzao No.39, Gengye No.6, Jinkeng No.108, and Jiumian No.17, causing highest yield under sufficient irrigation conditions, but the irrigation water productivity was low. Jiumian No.17 and Longmian No.3 were highly resistant cultivars to drought; Shuofeng No.2 and Gengye No.6 were moderate resistant cultivars; Xinluzao No.48, Longmian No.1, Longmian No.2, Jinkeng No.108 were weak drought resistant cultivars; and Xinluzao No.39, Jiumian No.11 and Jiumian No.15 were sensitive to the drought. |
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