In the new era, with the emphasis on the principle of fairness and justice in the construction of people’s livelihood, the characteristic of sharing has become more and more obvious, which is completely consistent with the endogenous relationship between people’s livelihood and sharing revealed by Marx. In Marx’s theory, the formation and development of people’s livelihood is due to people’s need, which determines that the construction of people’s livelihood must benefit all members of society. The foundation of realizing people’s livelihood is the people’s participation in allround production. Only through joint construction can we lay a solid foundation for sharing the achievements of people’s livelihood development. The guarantee of the realization of people’s livelihood is the fair distribution of interests. Only by constructing a fair distribution mechanism of interests can we ensure the implementation of people’s livelihood construction. In view of this, the construction of people’s livelihood in the new era must adhere to the guidance of Marx’s thought of people’s livelihood, closely focus on the shared meaning inherent in it, and specifically achieve the unity of three aspects, namely, the unity of inclusiveness and difference of people’s livelihood construction required by people’s needs, the unity of development and coconstruction of people’s livelihood construction required by comprehensive production, and the unity of fairness and compensation of people’s livelihood construction required by distributive justice.