LUMBAR FORAMINAL STENOSIS (REVIEW ARTICLE)

Piontkovskyi V. K., Zlativ V. P., Myronyk B. M., Dushnyi M. M.

LITERATURE REVIEWS

Scentific article

We conducted a review of the literature on the problem of foraminal stenosis of the lumbar spine. This problem remains relevant, given its wide distribution among the adult population, and especially in the category of people over 60 years old. The pain syndrome that develops as a result of the narrowing of the intervertebral foramen causes deterioration of the quality of life and limits vital activities. The most frequent causes of the development of foraminal stenosis include: degenerative changes of the intervertebral disc and zygapophyseal joint, cyst of the zygapophyseal joint, spondylolisthesis, scoliosis or extrusion of the intervertebral disc. An analytical review of treatment methods for this nosology was conducted. Conservative therapy is pathogenetically aimed at reducing the inflammatory process and swelling of the soft tissues surrounding the intervertebral foramen. The procedure of performing epidural adhesiolysis is an effective method of treatment of foraminal stenosis, as it is aimed at eliminating fibrotic adhesions of the epidural space and the area of the intervertebral foramen, as well as reducing the inflammatory process by administering anti-inflammatory drugs epidurally. Other promising directions for surgical treatment of foraminal stenosis are endoscopic operations performed through small incisions, which are minimally traumatic, cause little intraoperative bleeding, and can be performed under local anesthesia. After surgery, patients begin rehabilitation faster and return to everyday life. If it is necessary to perform interbody spondylodesis, it is also possible to place a cage minimally invasive. However, it is important to take into account concomitant pathological conditions, such as central stenosis of the spinal canal, spondylolisthesis, degenerative scoliosis, vertebral fractures, which may require open intervention. It is worth noting that currently there are a large number of methods of treatment for this pathology, but there is no single clear systematic approach to treatment, and the use of endoscopic methods is limited. Therefore, the implementation of treatment algorithms and the development of minimally invasive interventions for foraminal stenosis of the lumbar spine is a promising direction for further research.

foraminal stenosis

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«Bulletin of problems biology and medicine» Issue 1 (168), 2023 year, 52-61 pages, index UDK 616.711-007.271

10.29254/2077-4214-2023-1-168-52-61