Abstract
Fatty liver disease is one of most prevalent metabolic liver diseases, which includes alcoholic (ASH) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Its initial stage is characterized by fat accumulation in the liver, that can progress to steatohepatitis, a stage of the disease in which steatosis is accompanied by inflammation, hepatocellular death, oxidative stress and fibrosis. Recent evidence in experimental models as well as in patients with steatohepatitis have uncovered a role for cholesterol and sphingolipids, particularly ceramide, in the transition from steatosis to steatohepatitis, insulin resistance and hence disease progression. Cholesterol accumulation and its trafficking to mitochondria sensitizes fatty liver to subsequent hits including inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF/Fas, in a pathway involving ceramide generation by acidic sphingomyelinase (ASMase). Thus, targeting both cholesterol and/or ASMase may represent a novel therapeutic approach of relevance in ASH and NASH, two of the most common forms of liver diseases worldwide.
Keywords: mitochondria, cholesterol, oxidative stress, steatohepatitis, cell death, sphingolipids, Nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, free radicals, antioxidants, nitrotyrosine, oxidation, nitration, fibrinogen
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Metabolic Therapy: Lessons from Liver Diseases
Volume: 17 Issue: 35
Author(s): Carmen Garcia-Ruiz, Montserrat Mari, Anna Colell, Albert Morales and Jose C. Fernandez-Checa
Affiliation:
Keywords: mitochondria, cholesterol, oxidative stress, steatohepatitis, cell death, sphingolipids, Nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, free radicals, antioxidants, nitrotyrosine, oxidation, nitration, fibrinogen
Abstract: Fatty liver disease is one of most prevalent metabolic liver diseases, which includes alcoholic (ASH) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Its initial stage is characterized by fat accumulation in the liver, that can progress to steatohepatitis, a stage of the disease in which steatosis is accompanied by inflammation, hepatocellular death, oxidative stress and fibrosis. Recent evidence in experimental models as well as in patients with steatohepatitis have uncovered a role for cholesterol and sphingolipids, particularly ceramide, in the transition from steatosis to steatohepatitis, insulin resistance and hence disease progression. Cholesterol accumulation and its trafficking to mitochondria sensitizes fatty liver to subsequent hits including inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF/Fas, in a pathway involving ceramide generation by acidic sphingomyelinase (ASMase). Thus, targeting both cholesterol and/or ASMase may represent a novel therapeutic approach of relevance in ASH and NASH, two of the most common forms of liver diseases worldwide.
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Cite this article as:
Garcia-Ruiz Carmen, Mari Montserrat, Colell Anna, Morales Albert and C. Fernandez-Checa Jose, Metabolic Therapy: Lessons from Liver Diseases, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2011; 17 (35) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211798357700
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161211798357700 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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