Revisión

Carcinoma escamoso localmente avanzado e irresecable

Julio José Lambea Sorrosal, María Zapata García, Alba Moratiel Pellitero, Karla Andrea Osorio Macassi, Isabel Pajares Bernad, Inés Ruiz Moreno, Sara Esteras Per

Prepublicado: 2024-05-16

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El panorama del tratamiento para el carcinoma de cabeza y cuello localmente avanzado (CECCLA) no resecable se ha mantenido con escasos cambios durante más de 20 años. El tratamiento estándar actual para los pacientes con CECCLA no resecable que son elegibles para recibir cisplatino es la quimiorradioterapia: cisplatino 100 mg/m2 cada 3 semanas (3 ciclos) más tratamiento fraccionado estándar con radioterapia 70 Gy en 35 fracciones diarias de 2 Gy durante 7 semanas aunque en los últimos años la radioterapia ha presentado grandes avances tecnológicos que permiten optimizar el esquema concomitante. En los últimos años la investigación se ha centrado en encontrar fármacos con igual o mayor efectividad que cisplatino en pacientes que no son adecuados para recibirlo por distintos factores. El avance más relevante fue la utilización de cetuximab con radioterapia en esos casos y se ha investigado sobre distintas pautas de platino, combinaciones con inmunoterapia y se están desarrollando estudios con nuevos fármacos que actúan en la vía de la apoptosis como xevinapant con resultados prometedores.

Palabras Clave: quimioradioterapia, cetuximab, inmunoterapia, apoptosis

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