Laser has been a commonly used technical means to interfere with visible light reconnaissance and alarm, tracking, and guidance systems, but it has problems such as short frequency band, narrow beam, and difficult aiming. Incoherent strong light interference technology can effectively make up for the shortcomings of laser interference technology. This paper focused on the theoretical analysis and experimental testing issues of strong incoherent light interference on visible light imaging systems, analyzed the technical mechanism of incoherent strong light interference on visible light imaging systems, studied the interference effect evaluation theory model based on image structure similarity, constructed an experimental platform for detecting interference and obtaining test data, and experimentally tested and quantitatively evaluated the influence of changes in parameters such as light source illuminance, incident direction, equivalent distance, background brightness, and field of view size on visible light imaging quality, the similarity degree of images before and after interference implementation, and the effect of incoherent strong light interference. The results show that when the illuminance value of the incoherent strong light directional beam incident on the detector surface meets certain conditions, the mean structural similarity value of the image structure similarity before and after the implementation of the interference decreases, the image quality after the interference decreases, and severe distortion occurs, blurring the effective information in the image, presenting an interference effect that is difficult to distinguish between targets and backgrounds. The research results can provide technical support and method reference for incoherent strong light directional beam interference visible light reconnaissance systems and television-guided weapons.