Preparation and application of an immobilized bio-filler
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摘要:
采用固定化技术，以聚乙烯醇（PVA）、海藻酸钠（SA）联合构筑凝胶骨架，引入活性炭（AC）、CaCO3和复合菌粉制备一种固定化生物填料（BM填料），对添加到BM填料中的AC进行粒径优化；以乙苯作为目标污染物，考察装填该填料的生物滴滤塔（BTF）对其去除效果。结果表明：当添加的AC为100目时，BM填料的比表面积达到57.46 m2/g，机械强度最高，对乙苯的去除效果最好。理化性质分析表明，该填料内部为致密的三维网状结构，具有较好的亲水性与吸附性，表面存在大量—OH、—COO−等亲水基团，相同条件下对乙苯吸附量是聚氨酯海绵填料（PU填料）的2.9倍。同时该填料具有较好耐酸性，在pH降至1时依然保持高降解活性。装填BM填料的BTF可在6 d内完成挂膜；经过7 d停滞，去除率5 d可以恢复至100%；在进气乙苯浓度为800~900 mg/m3，停留时间（EBRT）为33 s时，仍可将乙苯完全去除。相较于PU填料，以BM为填料的BTF性能更优。
Abstract:A kind of immobilized bio-filler (BM filler) was prepared by immobilization technology, combining polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA) to construct a gel skeleton, introducing activated carbon (AC), CaCO3, and composite bacterial powder, and optimizing the particle size of AC added to BM filler. The removal effect of the biological trickling filter (BTF) packed with the filler was investigated using ethylbenzene as the target pollutant. When the added AC was 100 mesh, the specific surface area of BM filler reached 57.46 m2/g with the highest mechanical strength and the best degradation effect on ethylbenzene. The results of physicochemical properties analysis showed that the filler had a dense three-dimensional internal mesh structure, with good hydrophilicity and adsorption capacity, and a large number of hydrophilic groups such as —OH and —COO− on the surface, and the adsorption of ethylbenzene was 2.9 times higher than that of polyurethane sponge (PU) filler under the same conditions. Meanwhile, the filler had good acid resistance and still maintained a high degradation activity when pH dropped to 1. The BTF packed with BM filler could be started up in 6 days; after 7 days of stagnation, the removal efficiency recovered to 100% in 5 days; and ethylbenzene could still be completely removed at the inlet ethylbenzene concentration of 800-900 mg/m3 and the empty bed residence time (EBRT) of 33 s. Compared with the BTF packed with PU filler, the BTF packed with BM filler showed superior performance.
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Key words:
- immobilization /
- fillers /
- ethylbenzene /
- bio-trickling filter /
- degradation /
- activated carbon
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图 2 AC粒径对BM填料降解性能的影响
Figure 2. Effect of AC particle size on the degradation performance of BM filler
图 7 pH对BM填料和复合菌种降解乙苯的影响
Figure 7. Effect of pH on the degradation of ethylbenzene by BM filler and composite bacteria
图 8 挂膜启动阶段BTF运行性能曲线
Figure 8. Operating performance of bio-trickling filter during the start-up stage
图 9 冲击负荷对乙苯去除率的影响
Figure 9. Effect of shock loading on removal efficiency of ethylbenzene
图 11 停留时间对生物滴滤塔运行性能的影响
注：图中数字为停留时间。
Figure 11. Effect of EBRT on operational performance of bio-trickling filter
表 1 生物滴滤塔运行条件
Table 1. Operating conditions for bio-trickling filter
阶段 状态 天数/d 进气浓度/(mg/m3) EBRT/s Ⅰ 挂膜 1~12 800~900 72 Ⅱ 短期冲击负荷 13~27 800~1 200 72 Ⅲ 停滞 28~34 0 Ⅳ 稳定运行 35~75 800~900 27~72 
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表 2 不同粒径AC的BM填料比表面积对比
Table 2. Comparison of specific surface area of BM filler with different particle sizes of AC
AC粒径/目 比表面积/(m2/g) 孔容/(cm3/g) 孔径/nm 未添加AC 9.58 0.01 6.77 50 31.13 0.02 2.81 70 46.96 0.04 2.81 100 57.46 1.15 3.74 200 15.68 0.02 6.01
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表 3 不同填料吸附性能对比
Table 3. Comparison of adsorption performance of different fillers
填料 平衡时间/h 平衡吸附量/(mg/g) BM 6 5.2 PU 0.1 1.8 陶粒 0.5 1.1
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