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記憶、表達與意象:中共建政前後印刷媒介中的「國民黨反動派」

Memory, expression and image: "Kuomintang reactionaries" in the print media before and after the establishment of the PRC

摘要


中共政治文化的一個重要特色是對政治術語的靈活使用及宣傳灌輸。以「國民黨反動派」一詞來看,它最早在1920年代就開始被中共使用,並伴隨著國共關係的起伏在中共文宣產品中時隱時現。內戰全面爆發後,「打倒國民黨反動派」的口號隨著中共的軍事進展傳遍全國,不過,該詞的具體詞義前後則有顯著不同。1949年前,這個詞彙多用來指國民黨內部部分反共人士,中共建政後則變成對國民黨的整體稱謂甚至擴大到所有與國民黨統治時期有關的事務,或用來泛指某種不良風氣。這種使用表達既是因應不同的時勢需求,亦與集體或個體的安全感緊密相關。由於在不同語境下,人們對概念的運用動機與策略不盡相同,名詞本義與其所指向的實際意義、使用者大腦中的意象之間可能存在落差,這種落差經常與人們對指涉對象過去的認識有關係。隨著新政治術語的廣泛流傳,人們對歷史的記憶也有可能發生變化。

關鍵字

國民黨反動派 中共 表達 記憶 意象

並列摘要


An important feature of the political culture of the CCP is the flexible use of political terms and indoctrinating function that they are put to serve. Taking the term of "Kuomintang reactionaries" as an example, it was first used by the CCP in the 1920s, and it appeared in and disappeared from the CCP’s propaganda with the ups and downs of the relationship between the CCP and the KMT. After the outbreak of the Civil War, CCP’s military progress brought the slogan of "overthrowing the Kuomintang reactionaries" to different parts of the country. The specific meaning of the term "Kuomintang reactionaries," however, was different at different times. Before 1949, it mainly referred to the group in the KMT who were opposed to the CCP. After the founding of the PRC, the term was extended to refer to the entire KMT, the affairs correlated with the KMT regime, or what were regarded as unhealthy social trends.. Such use of the term fits the needs of the times, and is correlated with the collective or individual sense of security. In different contexts, concepts are deployed with different motivations and strategies. As a result, there may exist gaps between the original meaning of a term, the actual meaning with which it is used, and the image that the term conjures in the users’ brain. The gap is often correlated with people’s past understanding of the referent of the term. With the spread of the new usage of the term, people’s memory of history may also change.

並列關鍵字

Guomindang reactionary CCP Expression Memory Image

延伸閱讀