A study in a pediatric ward found that 95.31% of preschool children presented pain response during intravenous (l.V.) cannulation procedure, and among them, 79.69% were in severe pain. The causes included: 1) unpleasant experience, such as physical immobilization and multiple attempts, 2) nurses did not provide adequate communication to prepare children, 3) nurses lacked skills, knowledge and training in the procedure, and 4) lack of a child-friendly infusion treatment environment. Interventions included development of guidelines for administration of intravenous medications in pediatric patients, educational programs to improve nursing knowledge and clinical skills on pediatric l.V. administration, use of age appropriate immobilizers during insertion procedure, and a renovated child-friendly infusion room. The study of children's pain reactions during intravenous I.V. procedures post implementation of the strategies reduced to 15.45%.