Supplementary material from "Towards implementing hierarchical porous zeolitic imidazolate frameworks in dye-sensitized solar cells"

A one-pot method for encapsulation of dye, which can be applied for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), and synthesis of hierarchical porous zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIF-8), is reported. The size of the encapsulated dye tunes the mesoporosity, and surface area of ZIF-8. The mesopore size, Langmuir surface area and pore volume are 15 nm, 960–1500 m² · g⁻¹ and 0.36–0.61 cm³ · g⁻¹, respectively. After encapsulation into ZIF-8, the dyes show longer emission lifetimes (greater than 4–8 fold) as compared to the corresponding non-encapsulated dyes, due to suppression of aggregation, and torsional motions.