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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Sleep Sci 2021; 14(S 02): 101-110
DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20200081
ORIGINAL ARTICLES

Sleep insufficiency and incident diabetes mellitus among indigenous and minority populations in Greece

Anestis Matziridis
1   Democritus University of Thrace, Laboratory of Medical Statistics - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece.
,
Dimitrios Tsiptsios
2   South Tyneside & Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology - Sunderland - Tyne & Wear - United Kingdom.
,
Apostolos Manolis
1   Democritus University of Thrace, Laboratory of Medical Statistics - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece.
,
Andreas Ouranidis
3   Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Chemical Engineering - Thessaloniki - Central Macedonia - Greece.
,
Andreas S Triantafyllis
4   Askepeion Hospital, Department of Cardiology - Athens Greece.
,
Konstantinos Tsamakis
5   King’s College, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience - London - United Kingdom.
,
Aspasia Serdari
6   Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece.
,
Eleni Leontidou
1   Democritus University of Thrace, Laboratory of Medical Statistics - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece.
,
Aikaterini Terzoudi
7   Democritus University of Thrace, Neurology Department - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece.
,
Elena Dragioti
8   Linköping University, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences - Linköping - Linköping - Sweden.
,
Paschalis Steiropoulos
9   Democritus University of Thrace, Department of Pneumonology - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece.
,
Gregory Tripsianis
1   Democritus University of Thrace, Laboratory of Medical Statistics - Alexandroupolis - Thrace - Greece.
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Objective To investigate the potential association between sleep pathology and diabetes mellitus (DM) using self-reported questionnaires.

Material and Methods 957 adults aged between 19 and 86 years old were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Multistage stratified cluster sampling was used and subjects were classified into three groups [short (<6h), normal (6-8h) and long (>8h) sleep duration]. Individuals were classified as diabetics if they responded positively to the questions: “Have you ever been told that you are diabetic or have high blood sugar by a health professional?” or “Are you on antidiabetic medication?”. Sleep quality, utilizing Epworth sleepiness scale, Athens insomnia scale, Pittsburgh sleep quality index and Berlin questionnaire, was also examined.

Results DM prevalence was higher among expatriated and Muslim Greeks (23.1% and 18.7%, respectively) compared to indigenous Greek Christians (4.4%). DM prevalence was significantly associated with short sleep duration (aOR=2.82, p<0.001), excessive daytime sleepiness (aOR=2.09, p=0.019) and poor sleep quality (aOR=2.56, p<0.001), while its relation with insomnia (aOR=1.63, p=0.065) and risk for obstructive sleep apnea (aOR=1.53, p=0.080) were of marginal statistical significance.

Conclusion This study indicates an association between sleep quantity, quality and DM and supports early pharmacological and cognitive behavioral interventions on sleep disturbances in order to reduce the burden of DM with increased focus on minority population needs.

Sleep Duration - Diabetes Mellitus - Sleep Quality - Insomnia

SOURCES OF FUNDING

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.




Publication History

Received: 14 October 2020

Accepted: 08 December 2020

Article published online:
30 November 2023

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