open access
PCR diagnostics of Chlamydia trachomatis in asymptomatic infection by women
Affiliations- Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Chałubińskiego 4,, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
- 1st Department and Clinic of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Medicine Wroclaw Medical University, ul. T. Chałubińskiego 3, 50-368 Wrocław, Poland
open access
Abstract
Objectives: Chlamydial infection is often asymptomatic. The lack of symptoms may result in the infection developing into a chronic. Chlamydial infections of the genitourinary system in women can lead to serious complications like PID, fallopian tubes infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. An infection of the genitourinary system does not cause any lasting immune resistance and does not protect against re-infection. The aim of this research was to conduct tests for Chlamydia trachomatis on healthy women without any genital system symptoms and to estimate the frequency of asymptomatic infections. Material and methods: During preventive examinations a cervical smear was obtained from the patients n = 100. The average age of the patients was 24.86 ± 3.15. The swabs were sampled by gynecologists. During the examinations Geneproof PathogenFree DNA isolation Kit and GeneProof Chlamydia trachomatis PCR kit which detects 16S rRNA conservative coding sequence, conservative region of cryptic plasmid DNA, including deletion mutation in cryptic plasmid (Swedish variant). Results: Swabs were sampled from 100 women aged 18–32 who had no symptoms of chlamydial genitourinary system infection. Within the study group 4% of women received a positive result, i.e. 4/100. Conclusions: The study confirmed asymptotic infection in 4% of women. In own research it was not possible to confirm correlation between the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis and the number of partners or the number of sexual intercourses.
Abstract
Objectives: Chlamydial infection is often asymptomatic. The lack of symptoms may result in the infection developing into a chronic. Chlamydial infections of the genitourinary system in women can lead to serious complications like PID, fallopian tubes infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. An infection of the genitourinary system does not cause any lasting immune resistance and does not protect against re-infection. The aim of this research was to conduct tests for Chlamydia trachomatis on healthy women without any genital system symptoms and to estimate the frequency of asymptomatic infections. Material and methods: During preventive examinations a cervical smear was obtained from the patients n = 100. The average age of the patients was 24.86 ± 3.15. The swabs were sampled by gynecologists. During the examinations Geneproof PathogenFree DNA isolation Kit and GeneProof Chlamydia trachomatis PCR kit which detects 16S rRNA conservative coding sequence, conservative region of cryptic plasmid DNA, including deletion mutation in cryptic plasmid (Swedish variant). Results: Swabs were sampled from 100 women aged 18–32 who had no symptoms of chlamydial genitourinary system infection. Within the study group 4% of women received a positive result, i.e. 4/100. Conclusions: The study confirmed asymptotic infection in 4% of women. In own research it was not possible to confirm correlation between the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis and the number of partners or the number of sexual intercourses.
Keywords
Chlamydia trachomatis, asymptomatic infection in woman, PCR diagnostic
About this articleTitle
PCR diagnostics of Chlamydia trachomatis in asymptomatic infection by women
Journal
Issue
Article type
Research paper
Pages
115-119
Published online
2018-03-30
Page views
2733
Article views/downloads
2065
DOI
Pubmed
Bibliographic record
Ginekol Pol 2018;89(3):115-119.
Keywords
Chlamydia trachomatis
asymptomatic infection in woman
PCR diagnostic
Authors
Magdalena Frej-Mądrzak
Anna Gryboś
Marian Gryboś
Dorota Teryks-Wołyniec
Agnieszka Jama-Kmiecik
Jolanta Sarowska
Irena Choroszy-Król
References (20)- Menon S, Timms P, Allan JA, et al. Human and Pathogen Factors Associated with Chlamydia trachomatis-Related Infertility in Women. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2015; 28(4): 969–985.
- Gouvras G. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Eurosurveillance. 2004; 9(10): 1–2.
- 2006 UK National Guideline for the Management of Genital Tract Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. http://www.nordhavenclinic.co.uk/chlamydia.PDF (2006).
- Lanjouw E, Ouburg S, de Vries HJ, et al. 2015 European guideline on the management of Chlamydia trachomatis infections. Int J STD AIDS. 2016; 27(5): 333–348.
- Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines, 2010; 59; RR-12. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/rr/rr5912.pdf (2010).
- Tiplica GS, Radcliffe K, Evans C, et al. 2015 European guidelines for the management of partners of persons with sexually transmitted infections. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015; 29(7): 1251–1257.
- Evans R. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Nursing Standard. 2014; 29(9): 30–30.
- Nwokolo NC, Dragovic B, Patel S, et al. 2015 UK national guideline for the management of infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. Int J STD AIDS. 2016; 27(4): 251–267.
- Chojnacka K, Szczapa J, Kędzia W. Częstość perinatalnej transmisji Chlamydia trachomatis i powikłania z nią związane u noworodków przedwcześnie urodzonych. Ginekol Pol. 2012; 83: 116–121.
- Brown MA, Potroz MG, Teh SW, et al. Natural Products for the Treatment of Chlamydiaceae Infections. Microorganisms. 2016; 4(4).
- Rekomendacje Polskiego Towarzystwa Ginekologicznego dotyczące zakażeń Chlamydia trachomatis w położnictwie i ginekologii. Ginekol Pol. 2007; 78: 574–575.
- Bianchi S, Frati ER, Canuti M, et al. Molecular epidemiology and genotyping ofinfection in a cohort of young asymptomatic sexually active women (18-25 years) in Milan, Italy. J Prev Med Hyg. 2016; 57(3): E128–E134.
- Dudareva-Vizule S, Haar K, Sailer A, et al. Chlamydia trachomatis laboratory sentinel team. Establishment of a voluntary electronic Chlamydia trachomatis laboratory surveillance system in Germany, 2008 to 2014. Euro Surveill. 2017; 22(6).
- Arsić D, Milovanović DR, Ferati AB, et al. Monitoring of Chlamydia Trachomatis Genitourinary Infection in Women - Analytical Comparative Study Using Public Health Records from Two Balkan Countries. Cent Eur J Public Health. 2016; 24(1): 16–21.
- Frej-Mądrzak M, Teryks-Wołyniec D, Jama-Kmiecik A, et al. Zakażenia układu moczowo-płciowego oraz spojówek Chlamydia trachomatis u dorosłych i dzieci w latach 2012–2013. Fam Med Prim Care Rev. 2014; 16(3): 222–224.
- Berntsson M, Tunbäck P. Clinical and microscopic signs of cervicitis and urethritis: correlation with Chlamydia trachomatis infection in female STI patients. Acta Derm Venereol. 2013; 93(2): 230–233.
- Wojtyniak B, Goryński P, Moskalewicz B. Sytuacja zdrowotna ludności Polski i jej uwarunkowania. Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology. 2013; 63(3): 269–269.
- Młynarczyk- Bonikowska B, Skulska E, Walter de Walthoffen S, et al. Współistnienie zakażeń Neisseria gonorhoeae i Chlamydia trachomatis u pacjentów zgłaszających się do Kliniki Dermatologii i wenerologii Warszawskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego. Med Dośw Mikrobiol. 2015; 67: 89–95.
- Torrone E, Johnson R, Tian L, et al. Prevalence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Among Persons 14 to 39 Years of Age, United States, 1999 to 2008. Sexually Transmitted Diseases. 2013; 40(3): 202–205.
- Machado MS, Costa e Silva BF, Gomes IL, et al. Prevalence of cervical Chlamydia trachomatis infection in sexually active adolescents from Salvador, Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis. 2012; 16(2): 188–191.
