The current study analyzed the correlation between the use of antibiotics and development of a resistant bacterial infection in 454 patients in intensive care units (ICUs), and this study also examined factors related to development of an infection in order to facilitate more rational use of antibiotics and to reduce the incidence of resistant bacterial infections. Potential subjects were patients who were admitted to the ICU in 2016, and 454 such patients were selected using cluster sampling. Patient information was documented using an original questionnaire, Patients in the ICU with a Resistant Bacterial Infection. The correlation between use of an antibiotic and development of a resistant bacterial infection was examined. The rate of infection significantly increased over time and with receipt of various antibiotics. The development of a resistant bacterial infection was found to correlate with the use of antibiotics. Antibiotics should be used more carefully to reduce the incidence of resistant bacterial infections