Acoustic Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (AMODE), 1991, North Atlantic: High-frequency Baroclinic Mode-1 Amplitudes

A netcdf data file of high-frequency (> 1 cpd) baroclinic mode-1 amplitude in the western North Atlantic derived from ocean acoustic tomography data collected during the Acoustic Mid-Ocean Dynamics Experiment (AMODE) in 1991.  AMODE consisted of a pentagonal array of six moored instruments deployed between Puerto Rico and Bermuda.  These are baroclinic amplitudes averaged over paths several hundred kilometers long.  As documented in:

Dushaw, B. D., & Worcester, P. F. (1998). Resonant diurnal internal tides in the North Atlantic. Geophys. Res. Lett., 25 , 2189–2192. doi: 10.1029/98GL01583

Dushaw, B. D., Worcester, P. F., Cornuelle, B. D., Howe, B. M., & Luther, D. S. (1995). Baroclinic and barotropic tides in the central North Pacific Ocean determined from long-range reciprocal acoustic transmissions.J. Phys. Oceanogr.(25), 631–647.  doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(1995)025⟨0631:
BABTIT⟩2.0.CO;2

Dushaw, B. D. (2003). On the mapping and wavenumber resolution of line-integral
data for observations of low-mode internal tides. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech., 20 ,
1043–1059. doi: 10.1175/1458.1

Dushaw, B. D. (2006). Mode-1 internal tides in the western North Atlantic Ocean.
Deep-Sea Res. Part I , 53 , 449–473. doi: 10.1016/j.dsr.2005.12.009

Dushaw, B. D., Worcester, P. F., & Dzieciuch, M. A. (2011). On the predictability of mode-1 internal tides. Deep-Sea Res. Part I (58), 677–698. doi: 10.1016/j.dsr.2011.04.002

Dushaw, B. D.  (2015).  An empirical model for mode-1 internal tides derived from satellite altimetry: Computing accurate tidal predictions at arbitrary points over the world oceans (Tech. Rep. No. Technical Memorandum TM 1-15).  Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. http://www.apl.washington.edu/project/project.php?id=tm\ 1-15

Hendershott, M. (1981). Long waves and ocean tides. In B. A. Warren & C. Wunsch (Eds.), Evolution of physical oceanography: Scientific surveys in honor of Henry Stommel (pp. 292–341). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

These data can be used to derive accurate estimate for baroclinic tide amplitudes in the open ocean.  The file includes 15 time series of 100 to 300 day record length. 

The purpose of this upload is to allow others to estimate tides from these data to test baroclinic tidal models.  Other than a simple high-pass filter, the time series is unfiltered, but the baroclinic tides account for 30-80% of the variance, depending on the amplitude of the tide on the acoustic path.