Orthopyxis asymmetrica Stechow 1919
Description
Orthopyxis asymmetrica Stechow, 1919
Fig. 111
See Peña Cantero & Carrascosa (2002) for a complete synonymy.
Material examined. HCUS-S 118 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula).
Description (based on our own observations; Piraino & Morri 1990; Peña Cantero & Carrascosa 2002):
Hydroid. Hydrorhiza as creeping stolon system; colonies stolonal; hydranth pedicels twisted spirally over their whole length and bearing a single distal hydrotheca with a large and slightly asymmetrical basal spherule; basal chamber and hydrotheca with strongly asymmetrical perisarc thickening maximal at base and smoothly decreasing towards aperture. Gonothecae: female gonophores on the hydrorhiza bellshaped, laterally flattened, with short annulated pedicels and orange-coloured eumedusoids with 4 radial canals, and 4–8 interradial statocysts.
Habitat type and substrate. Littoral species reported from near the tidal level to 25 m depth (García Carrascosa 1981; Gili 1986) on leaves of Posidonia oceanica.
Cnidome. Microbasic mastigophores.
Seasonality. In the Mediterranean Sea colonies occur in February, July (García-Rubies 1987 as Campanularia asymmetrica), March, April (De Vito 2006; this study), May (Piraino & Morri 1990), and September (Giovannetti et al. 2010).
Reproductive period. May (Piraino & Morri 1990) in the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Distribution. Mediterranean endemic (Medel & López-González 1996; Bouillon et al. 2004; Gravili et al. 2008a; Soto Ãngel & Peña Cantero 2013).
Records in Salento. Rare at Otranto (De Vito 2006; Gravili 2006; Gravili et al. 2008a; this study), and Porto Cesareo (Andreano 2007).
Remarks. Cornelius (1982) considered Campanularia asymmetrica as conspecific with Orthopyxis integra. Moreover, Östman et al. (1987) did not find distinct differences in the cnidome of both species. Nevertheless, Peña Cantero & García Carrascosa (2002) and many authors studying Mediterranean material keep the two species distinct.
References. Picard (1952, 1958a), Relini et al. (1977), Repetto et al. (1977), Boero (1981a, b), Fresi et al. (1982), Boero et al. (1985) all as Campanularia asymmetrica; Gili (1986), Garcia Rubies (1987, 1992), Roca (1987), Piraino & Morri (1990), Hughes et al. (1991), Medel & López-González (1996), Piraino et al. (1999), Bouillon et al. (2004), De Vito (2006), Gravili (2006), Gravili et al. (2008a), Giovannetti et al. (2010).
Notes
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Linked records
Additional details
Identifiers
Biodiversity
- Family
- Campanulariidae
- Genus
- Orthopyxis
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Order
- Leptothecata
- Phylum
- Cnidaria
- Scientific name authorship
- Stechow
- Species
- asymmetrica
- Taxon rank
- species
- Taxonomic concept label
- Orthopyxis asymmetrica Stechow, 1919 sec. Gravili, Vito, Camillo, Martell, Piraino & Boero, 2015
References
- Stechow, E. (1919) Zur Kenntnis der Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete, nebst Angaben uber einige Kirchenpauersche Typen von Plumulariden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abeilung fur Systematik, 42 (1), 1 - 172.
- Pena Cantero, A. L. & Garcia Carrascosa, A. M. (2002) The benthic hydroid fauna of the Chafarinas Islands (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean). Zoologische Verhandelingen Leiden, 337, 1 - 180.
- Piraino, S. & Morri, C. (1990) Zonation and ecology of epiphytic hydroids in a Mediterranean coastal lagoon: the " Stagnone of Marsala " (Northwest Sicily). Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli, I. Marine Ecology, 11 (1), 43 - 60. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1990. tb 00227. x
- Garcia-Carrascosa, A. M. (1981) Hidrozoos tecados (Hydrozoa Calyptoblastea) del litoral mediterraneo espanol: faunistica, ecologia, bionomia bentonica y biogeografia. Tesis Doctoral Universidad Valencia, 464 pp.
- Garcia-Rubies, A. (1987) Distribution of epiphytic hydroids on Posidonia sea grass. In: Bouillon, J., Boero, F., Cicogna, F. & Cornelius, P. F. S. (Eds.), Modern trends in the Systematics, Ecology and Evolution of Hydroids and Hydromedusae. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp. 143 - 155. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / s 0025315400052255
- Giovannetti, E., Montefalcone, M., Morri, C., Bianchi, C. N. & Albertelli, G. (2010) Early warning response of Posidonia oceanica epiphyte community to environmental alterations (Ligurian Sea, NW Mediterranean). Marine Pollution Bulletin, 60 (7), 1031 - 1039. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. marpolbul. 2010.01.024
- Medel, M. D. & Lopez-Gonzalez, P. J. (1996) Updated catalogue of the Hydrozoans from the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands with remarks on zoogeography and affinities. Scientia Marina, 60 (1), 183 - 209.
- Gravili, C., Boero, F. & Licandro, P. (2008 a) Hydrozoa. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 15 (Supplement), 71 - 91.
- Soto Angel, J. J. & Pena Cantero, A. L. (2013) Shallow-water benthic hydroids from the Maltese Islands (Central Mediterranean). Marine Ecology, 34 (s 1), 177 - 196. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / maec. 12035
- Andreano, F. (2007) Identificazione degli idroidi (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) nella fascia batimetrica dei 0 - 5 m. Degree Thesis, Marine Biology, University of Salento, 152 pp.
- Cornelius, P. F. S. (1982) Hydroids and medusae of the family Campanulariidae recorded from the eastern North Atlantic, with a world synopsis of genera. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History, Zoology, 42 (2), 37 - 148.
- Picard, J. (1952) Les Hydrozoaires des herbiers de Zosteracees des cotes francaises de la Mediterranee. Vie Milieu, 2 (Supplement), 217 - 233.
- Picard, J. (1958 a) Origines et affinites de la faune d'hydropolypes (Gymnoblastes et Calyptoblastes) et d'hydromeduses (Anthomeduses et Leptomeduses) de la Mediterranee. Rapports et proces verbaux des Reunions de la Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee Monaco, 14, 187 - 199.
- Relini Orsi, L., Zotti, A. & Relini, G. (1977) Epifauna sessile di Posidonia oceanica in una prateria profonda del Mar Ligure. Atti del IX Congresso della Societa Italiana di Biologia Marina, Lacco Ameno d'Ischia, Napoli, 19 - 22 Maggio 1977, pp. 399 - 413.
- Repetto, L., Montanari, M. & Martini, F. (1977) Popolamenti di substrati artificiali posti su un fondo a coralligeno ed in una prateria di Posidonia. V: Idroidi. Atti del IX Congresso della Societa Italiana di Biologia Marina, Lacco Ameno d'Ischia, Napoli, 19 - 22 Maggio 1977, 415 - 425.
- Boero, F. (1981 a) Systematics and ecology of the hydroid population of two Posidonia oceanica meadows. Pubblicazioni della Stazione zoologica di Napoli, 2 (3), 181 - 197. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1439 - 0485.1981. tb 00093. x
- Boero, F. (1981 b) Bathimetric distribution of the epifauna of a Posidonia meadow of the Isle of Ischia (Naples): Hydroids. Rapports et Proces-Verbaux des Reunions Commision Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee, Monaco, 27 (2), 197 - 198.
- Fresi, E., Chimenz, C. & Marchio, G. (1982) Zonazione di Briozoi ed Idroidi epifiti in una prateria di Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile. Naturalista siciliano, S. IV, VI (Supplement), 3, 499 - 508.
- Piraino, S., Brandini, E., Denitto, F., Esposito, L. & Avian, M. (1999) La diversita degli Cnidari nella riserva marina di Ustica. Biologia Marina Mediterranea, 6 (1), 272 - 274.