Metabolic syndrome

Mi Kyung Kim; Jeong Hyun Park

doi:10.5124/jkma.2012.55.10.1005

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Kim and Park: Metabolic syndrome

Pharmacotherapeutics

Journal of the Korean Medical Association

Journal of the Korean Medical Association 2012; 55(10): 1005-1013.

Published online: 17 October 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2012.55.10.1005

Metabolic syndrome

Mi Kyung Kim, MD, Jeong Hyun Park, MD

Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea.

Corresponding author: Jeong-Hyun Park, pjhdoc@paik.ac.kr

Received 5 September 2012 Accepted 19 September 2012

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is defined as the simultaneous presence of central obesity, glucose abnormality, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, with the assumption that these entities share insulin resistance as a common pathophysiology. National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III and International Diabetes Federation guidelines have led to uniformity and standardization of the definition of metabolic syndrome, but some confusion and controversy remains. The clinical relevance of metabolic syndrome is related to its role in the development of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This article provides a comprehensive discussion on the pathophysiologic basis and the pharmacologic treatments for metabolic syndrome. We do not yet have specific pharmacologic treatments for the essential pathophysiologies of metabolic syndrome, so meticulous control of each component is required.

Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, Pathophysiology, Therapeutics, Pharmacology

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Metabolic syndrome and its related disorders.

Figure 2

Classic pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome.

Figure 3

Current researches on the detailed pathophysiologies of metabolic syndrome. CRH, corticotropin releasing hormone; AVP, arginine vasopressin; HPA, hypothalamic pituitary axis; SNS, sympathetic nervous system; RAA, renin angiotensin aldosterone; DM, diabetes mellitus.

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