Open Access, Peer-reviewed
pISSN 2288-0402
eISSN 2288-0410
    Allergy Asthma Respir Dis. 2014 Mar;2(1):30-37. Korean.
    Published online Mar 31, 2014.
    https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2014.2.1.30
    © 2014 The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease; The Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology
    Original Article

    Serum leptin levels correlate with bronchial hyper-responsiveness to mannitol in asthmatic children

    Jung-Kyung Yoo,1 Jae Young Shin,2 Jueng-Sup You,1 Soo-In Jeong,1 Joon-Sup Song,1 Seong Yang,1 Il-Tae Hwang,1 Ha-Baik Lee,3 and Hey-Sung Baek1
      • 1Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
      • 2Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
      • 3Department of Pediatrics, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
    • Correspondence to: Hey-Sung Baek. Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 150 Seongan-ro, Gangdong-gu, Seoul 134-701, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2224-2251, Fax: +82-2-482-8334, Email: paviola7@hanmail.net
    Received July 12, 2013; Revised August 26, 2013; Accepted August 27, 2013.

    This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/).

    Abstract

    Purpose

    Epidemiological data indicate that obesity is a risk factor in asthma, however effects related to obesity and adipokines on airway inflammation and bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) have not yet been demonstrated in the human airway. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum adipokine levels and BHR to mannitol in asthmatic children.

    Methods

    Serum adipokine levels were measured and pulmonary function tests were perfomed: baseline, postbronchodilator inhalation, methacholine inhalation, and mannitol inhalation. The response to mannitol was expressed as the dose causing a 15% decrease in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (PD15), and as the response-dose ratio (RDR) (% fall in FEV1/cumulative dose).

    Results

    Sixty-nine prepubertal children between the ages of 6 and 10 years were participated in the study. They comprised asthmatic children (n=40) and healthy (n=29). Twenty-two subjects (55.5%) with asthma had a positive mannitol bronchial provocation test (BPT) result. The body mass index (BMI) was higher in those asthmatics with positive mannitol BPTs than in asthmatics with negative mannitol BPTs and in the control group (19.30 kg/m2 vs. 17.60 kg/m2 vs. 17.93 kg/m2,P=0.035, P=0.046). Serum leptin levels were also significantly higher in asthmatics with positive mannitol BPTs than in asthmatics with negative mannitol BPTs and in the control group (10.58 ng/mL vs. 5.49 ng/mL vs. 6.75 ng/mL, P=0.002, P=0.016). Leptin values were significantly associated with a PD15 (r=-0.498, P=0.022) and RDR to mannitol (r=0.346, P=0.033) in asthmatic children after adjustment for BMI.

    Conclusion

    Serum leptin levels were significantly associated with BHR to mannitol in asthmatic children.

    Keywords
    Asthma; Leptin; Mannitol; Bronchial hyper-responsiveness; Child; Obesity

    Figures

    Fig. 1
    Relationship between serum leptin and PD15 and RDR to mannitol in children with asthma. (A) Serum leptin levels were significantly related to PD15 (r=-0.498, r=partial correlation coefficient adjusted for BMI, P=0.022) in both obese (n=9, r=-0.327, P=0.042) and normal-weight asthmatics (n=13, r=-0.322, P=0.048). (B) Serum leptin levels were significantly related to RDR to mannitol (r=0.346, r=partial correlation coefficient adjusted for BMI, P=0.033) in both obese (n=11, r=-0.302, P=0.039) and normal-weight asthmatics (n=29, r=-0.318, P=0.043). PD15, cumulative provocative dose causing a 15% fall in FEV1; RDR, response-dose ratio (% fall in FEV1/cumulative dose of mannitol); FEV1, orced expiratory volume in one second; BMI, body mass index.

    Tables

    Table 1
    Characteristics of the subjects included in the study.

    Table 2
    Characteristics of the asthmat subjects

    Table 3
    Serum leptin and adiponectin levels of the study subjects

    Table 4
    Correlation coefficients between serum leptin levles and lung function or markers of atopy

    Table 5
    Odds ratios for association between sex, age, BMI, atopy, adipokines and BHR to mannitol

    Notes

    This work was supported by a grant from the 2011 MSD Research Grant Award, The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease.

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    MeSH Terms
    Adipokines
    Asthma
    Body Mass Index
    Bronchial Provocation Tests
    Child*
    Forced Expiratory Volume
    Humans
    Inflammation
    Inhalation
    Leptin*
    Mannitol*
    Methacholine Chloride
    Obesity
    Respiratory Function Tests
    Risk Factors
    Metrics
    Share
    Figures
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