Evaluation of the root and canal morphology of mandibular permanent molars in a south-eastern Turkish population using cone-beam computed tomography

 

PDF Download Permissions and Reprints

ABSTRACT

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the root and canal morphology of the mandibular first and second permanent molars in a Turkish population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: CBCT images of mandibular first (n = 966) and second molar (n = 1165) teeth from 850 Turkish patients were evaluated. The root canal configurations were classified according to the method of Vertucci. The data were analyzed by Pearson's Chi-square test. Results: The majority of mandibular molars were two rooted with three canals; however, three roots were identified in 0.05% of the first molars and 0.01% of the second molars, and 100% of the additional root canals were of type I configuration. Mesial roots had more complex canal systems with more than one canal, whereas most distal roots had a type I configuration. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that CBCT scanning provides supplemental information about the root canal configurations of mandibular molars in a Turkish population. This study may help clinicians in the root canal treatment of mandibular molars.

• REFERENCES

• 1 Trope M, Elfenbein L, Tronstad L. Mandibular premolars with more than one root canal in different race groups. J Endod 1986; 12: 343-5
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 2 Awawdeh L, Abdullah H, Al-Qudah A. Root form and canal morphology of Jordanian maxillary first premolars. J Endod 2008; 34: 956-61
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 3 Sert S, Bayirli GS. Evaluation of the root canal configurations of the mandibular and maxillary permanent teeth by gender in the Turkish population. J Endod 2004; 30: 391-8
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 4 Vertucci FJ. Root canal anatomy of the human permanent teeth. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1984; 58: 589-99
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 5 Unal GC, Kececi AD, Kaya BU, Tac AG. Quality of root canal fillings performed by undergraduate dental students. Eur J Dent 2011; 5: 324-30
  Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 6 Demirbuga S, Sekerci AE, Dinçer AN, Cayabatmaz M, Zorba YO. Use of cone-beam computed tomography to evaluate root and canal morphology of mandibular first and second molars in Turkish individuals. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2013; 18: e737-44
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 7 Slowey RR. Root canal anatomy. Road map to successful endodontics. Dent Clin North Am 1979; 23: 555-73
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 8 England Jr MC, Hartwell GR, Lance JR. Detection and treatment of multiple canals in mandibular premolars. J Endod 1991; 17: 174-8
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 9 Barbizam JV, Ribeiro RG, Tanomaru Filho M. Unusual anatomy of permanent maxillary molars. J Endod 2004; 30: 668-71
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 10 Liang YH, Yuan M, Li G, Shemesh H, Wesselink PR, Wu MK. The ability of cone-beam computed tomography to detect simulated buccal and lingual recesses in root canals. Int Endod J 2012; 45: 724-9
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 11 De Moor RJ, Hommez GM, De Boever JG, Delmé KI, Martens GE. Periapical health related to the quality of root canal treatment in a Belgian population. Int Endod J 2000; 33: 113-20
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 12 Kabak Y, Abbott PV. Prevalence of apical periodontitis and the quality of endodontic treatment in an adult Belarusian population. Int Endod J 2005; 38: 238-45
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 13 Adebayo ET, Ahaji LE, Nnachetta RN, Nwankwo O, Akabogu-Okpeseyi N, Yaya MO. et al. Technical quality of root canal fillings done in a Nigerian general dental clinic. BMC Oral Health 2012; 12: 42
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 14 Gündüz K, Avsever H, Orhan K, Demirkaya K. Cross-sectional evaluation of the periapical status as related to quality of root canal fillings and coronal restorations in a rural adult male population of Turkey. BMC Oral Health 2011; 11: 20
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 15 D'Addazio PS, Campos CN, Özcan M, Teixeira HG, Passoni RM, Carvalho AC. A comparative study between cone-beam computed tomography and periapical radiographs in the diagnosis of simulated endodontic complications. Int Endod J 2011; 44: 218-24
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 16 Durack C, Patel S. Cone beam computed tomography in endodontics. Braz Dent J 2012; 23: 179-91
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 17 Yang H, Tian C, Li G, Yang L, Han X, Wang Y. A cone-beam computed tomography study of the root canal morphology of mandibular first premolars and the location of root canal orifices and apical foramina in a Chinese subpopulation. J Endod 2013; 39: 435-8
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 18 Silva EJ, Nejaim Y, Silva AV, Haiter-Neto F, Cohenca N. Evaluation of root canal configuration of mandibular molars in a Brazilian population by using cone-beam computed tomography: An in vivo study. J Endod 2013; 39: 849-52
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 19 Sert S, Aslanalp V, Tanalp J. Investigation of the root canal configurations of mandibular permanent teeth in the Turkish population. Int Endod J 2004; 37: 494-9
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 20 Calişkan MK, Pehlivan Y, Sepetçioğlu F, Türkün M, Tuncer SS. Root canal morphology of human permanent teeth in a Turkish population. J Endod 1995; 21: 200-4
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 21 Vertucci FJ, Williams RG. Root canal anatomy of the mandibular first molar. J N J Dent Assoc 1974; 45: 27-8 passim
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 22 Al-Qudah AA, Awawdeh LA. Root and canal morphology of mandibular first and second molar teeth in a Jordanian population. Int Endod J 2009; 42: 775-84
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 23 Weine FS, Healey HJ, Gerstein H, Evanson L. Canal configuration in the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary first molar and its endodontic significance. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1969; 28: 419-25
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 24 Fan B, Gao Y, Fan W, Gutmann JL. Identification of a C-shaped canal system in mandibular second molars-part II: The effect of bone image superimposition and intraradicular contrast medium on radiograph interpretation. J Endod 2008; 34: 160-5
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 25 Weng XL, Yu SB, Zhao SL, Wang HG, Mu T, Tang RY. et al. Root canal morphology of permanent maxillary teeth in the Han nationality in Chinese Guanzhong area: A new modified root canal staining technique. J Endod 2009; 35: 651-6
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 26 Pineda F, Kuttler Y. Mesiodistal and buccolingual roentgenographic investigation of 7,275 root canals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1972; 33: 101-10
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 27 Zheng QH, Wang Y, Zhou XD, Wang Q, Zheng GN, Huang DM. A cone-beam computed tomography study of maxillary first permanent molar root and canal morphology in a Chinese population. J Endod 2010; 36: 1480-4
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 28 Purra AR, Mushtaq M, Robbani I, Farooq R. Spiral computed tomographic evaluation and endodontic management of a mandibular second molar with four roots. A case report and literature review. Iran Endod J 2013; 8: 69-71
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 29 Cotton TP, Geisler TM, Holden DT, Schwartz SA, Schindler WG. Endodontic applications of cone-beam volumetric tomography. J Endod 2007; 33: 1121-32
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 30 Scarfe WC, Levin MD, Gane D, Farman AG. Use of cone beam computed tomography in endodontics. Int J Dent 2009; 2009: 634567
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 31 de Pablo OV, Estevez R, Péix Sánchez M, Heilborn C, Cohenca N. Root anatomy and canal configuration of the permanent mandibular first molar: A systematic review. J Endod 2010; 36: 1919-31
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 32 Park JB, Kim N, Park S, Kim Y, Ko Y. Evaluation of root anatomy of permanent mandibular premolars and molars in a Korean population with cone-beam computed tomography. Eur J Dent 2013; 7: 94-101
  PubMedGoogle Scholar
• 33 de Souza-Freitas JA, Lopes ES, Casati-Alvares L. Anatomic variations of lower first permanent molar roots in two ethnic groups. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1971; 31: 274-8
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 34 Fabra-Campos H. Unusual root anatomy of mandibular first molars. J Endod 1985; 11: 568-72
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 35 Zhang R, Wang H, Tian YY, Yu X, Hu T, Dummer PM. Use of cone-beam computed tomography to evaluate root and canal morphology of mandibular molars in Chinese individuals. Int Endod J 2011; 44: 990-9
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 36 Gulabivala K, Opasanon A, Ng YL, Alavi A. Root and canal morphology of Thai mandibular molars. Int Endod J 2002; 35: 56-62
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 37 Chen YC, Lee YY, Pai SF, Yang SF. The morphologic characteristics of the distolingual roots of mandibular first molars in a Taiwanese population. J Endod 2009; 35: 643-5
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 38 Wang Y, Zheng QH, Zhou XD, Tang L, Wang Q, Zheng GN. et al. Evaluation of the root and canal morphology of mandibular first permanent molars in a western Chinese population by cone-beam computed tomography. J Endod 2010; 36: 1786-9
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 39 Zaatar EI, al Anizi SA, al Duwairi Y. A study of the dental pulp cavity of mandibular first permanent molars in the Kuwaiti population. J Endod 1998; 24: 125-7
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 40 al-Nazhan S. Incidence of four canals in root-canal-treated mandibular first molars in a Saudi Arabian sub-population. Int Endod J 1999; 32: 49-52
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 41 Gu Y, Lu Q, Wang H, Ding Y, Wang P, Ni L. Root canal morphology of permanent three-rooted mandibular first molars-part I: Pulp floor and root canal system. J Endod 2010; 36: 990-4
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
• 42 Ahmed HA, Abu-bakr NH, Yahia NA, Ibrahim YE. Root and canal morphology of permanent mandibular molars in a Sudanese population. Int Endod J 2007; 40: 766-71
  CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar