中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (33): 5267-5271.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2848

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

下腰疼痛的生物力学分析

杨立杰1,欧阳林2,陈鼎伟2,林  祺3   

  1. 1闽南师范大学数学与统计学院,福建省漳州市  3630002中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇九医院医学影像科,厦门大学医学院医学影像研究所,福建省漳州市  3630003龙岩市第一医院医学影像科,福建省龙岩市  364000

  • 收稿日期:2019-12-31 修回日期:2020-01-07 接受日期:2020-03-13 出版日期:2020-11-28 发布日期:2020-09-28
  • 通讯作者: 欧阳林,中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九〇九医院医学影像科,厦门大学医学院医学影像研究所,福建省漳州市 363000
  • 作者简介:杨立杰,男,1957年生,台湾省新北市人,汉族,美国俄亥俄州立大学工程力学毕业,博士,教授,主要从事计算力学方面的研究。 欧阳林,男,1971年生,江西省都昌县人,汉族,2009年第二军医大学毕业,博士,主任医师,主要从事医学影像学与核医学方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    福建省区域发展项目(2019Y3007)

A biomechanical analysis of low back pain

Young Lihjier1, Ouyang Lin2, Chen Dingwei2, Lin Qi3   

  1. 1School of Mathematics and Statistics, Minnan Normal University; 2Department of Medical Imaging, 909 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA (Institute of Medical Imaging of Medical College, Xiamen University); 3Department of Medical Imaging, First Hospital of Longyan City

  • Received:2019-12-31 Revised:2020-01-07 Accepted:2020-03-13 Online:2020-11-28 Published:2020-09-28
  • Contact: Ouyang Lin, Department of Medical Imaging, 909 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA (Institute of Medical Imaging of Medical College, Xiamen University), Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian Province, China
  • About author:Young Lihjier, MD, Professor, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian Province, China Ouyang Lin, MD, Chief physician, Department of Medical Imaging, 909 Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA (Institute of Medical Imaging of Medical College, Xiamen University), Zhangzhou 363000, Fujian Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Regional Development Project of Fujian Province, No. 2019Y3007

摘要:

文题释义:

生物力学是应用力学原理和方法对生物体中的力学问题定量研究的生物物理学分支,其研究范围从生物整体到系统、器官(包括血液、体液、脏器、骨骼等),从鸟飞、鱼游、鞭毛和纤毛运动到植物体液的输运等。生物力学的基础是能量守恒、动量定律、质量守恒三定律并加上描写物性的本构方程。生物力学研究的重点是与生理学、医学有关的力学问题。

环状应力圆筒形容器当其承受内压力作用以后,其管径要稍微增大,筒壁内的“环向纤维”要伸长,因此在筒体纵向的横截面上有应力产生,此应力称为环向应力。

背景:下腰痛是人类极容易发生的疾病,原因复杂,发生机制依然不能完全阐明。

目的:针对下背疼痛起因做一详细的力学分析。

方法藉由生物力学原理,应用计算软件Matlab与图像软件PhotoshopL4及两侧的小关节进行3D力学模拟。分析不同体质量的人在不同弯腰角度、提取不同重物时,L3-L4椎间盘所承受的滑脱力,以及在不同程度椎间盘退化的情形下,应力转移至关节囊的百分比。

结果与结论:①L4因弯腰搬动物品时所受的压力会随着弯腰的角度增加而呈非线性递减,弯腰角度越大L4所受压力越小;当弯腰搬取物品时,L4所承受的压力与人体质量或物品质量呈正比;②当人弯腰达75°时,由于环状应力的产生可使腰大肌所承受的力可达体质量的20倍,来回反复做相同的动作就会使肌肉疲劳,进而对其造成损伤;椎间盘的退化也会将原先正常作用在周边组织的应力放大4倍左右,而对这些组织造成应力伤害。

ORCID: 0000-0002-5298-3182(杨立杰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 下腰痛, 力学, 腰大肌, 环状应力, 椎间盘, 滑脱应力

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Low back pain is a disease that is very easy to occur in human beings. The causes are complex, and the pathogenesis is still not fully elucidated.

OBJECTIVE: To make a detailed mechanical analysis of the causes of lower back pain.

METHODS: Based on the principle of biomechanics, the 3D mechanical simulation of L4 and its small joints on both sides was carried out by using Matlab and Photoshop. The slip force of L3-L4 intervertebral disc when people with different body masses bend at different angles and extract different weights, and the percentage of stress transferred to the joint capsule in different degrees of disc degeneration were analyzed.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The pressure on L4 when it bends to move the object can decrease nonlinearly with the increase of the bending angle. The greater the bending angle, the smaller the pressure on L4 is. When stooping to carry goods, the pressure on L4 is directly proportional to the mass of human body or goods. (2) When a person bends down to 75°, the strength of psoas major muscle can be 20 times of the body weight due to the generation of circular stress, and the same repeated action can make the muscle fatigue, and then cause damage. The degeneration of the intervertebral disc can enlarge the stress of the surrounding tissues by about four times, and cause stress injury to these tissues.

Key words: bone, low back pain, mechanics, psoas major muscle, circular stress, intervertebral disc, slip stress

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