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Commemorative Inscription on the Occasion of the Endowment of Sacrificial Feasts and Offerings by A Family Association in the Sanctuary of Dabla

Year 2023, Volume: 26, 217 - 226, 12.11.2023
https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.1371394

Abstract

This article is a continuation of the article published in the previous issue of Gephyra (Staab - Akyürek Şahin - Uzunoğlu 2023). The article analyses an inscription from the village of Ahmetler in the Pazaryeri district of Bilecik province, which was recorded by the Bilecik Museum authorities. The stone is not in the Bilecik Museum today but is probably still in the wall where it was built. The inscription was read from the photograph taken by the museum authorities, but the stone itself was not seen. The inscription is an epigram written in hexameter verse. The first two lines of the epigram are missing and probably remained under the cement on the wall. However, the rest of the lines are almost complete except line 1, which is poorly preserved. Since the stone was built into a wall, it is not clear whether the inscription carrier was an altar or a stele.
The person named Onesikrates, mentioned in lines 3 and 4 of the inscription, played an important role in this inscription. This person is the uncle of Hermias, the young Onesikrates and Ulpianus. It is understood that the uncle Onesikrates was the head of the family group mentioned in the poem. It is not known whether he took over the care of his nephews after the death of their father and whether they therefore all belonged to the same household. In any case, here as elsewhere, third-degree kinship reflects close family ties, especially in rural social structures. The uncle Onesicrates, who was also a soldier, appears as a central figure, and all the nephews mentioned are included in his oath or prayer. In line 4, the addressee, addressed in the second person (σύ θ᾿), must be the (local?) deity of the (local?) sanctuary of Dabla, to whom the wish to bestow property on the named individuals is expressed. It is known from the inscriptions that Zeus Bennios or Zeus Bronton was worshipped in this region. This inscription may have been erected in the sanctuary of one of these two gods. The article analyses the phrase Δαβλόνῳ παρὰ νηῷ in line 9 of the inscription and suggests that the name of the settlement may be Dabla. The inscription poetically describes the full financing of the three sacrificial feasts. The poem itself is thus identified as an expression of this praise for the donors.

References

  • M. Adak – N. E. Akyürek Şahin – M. Y. Güneş, Neue Inschriften im Museum von Bolu (Bithynion/Klaudiupolis), Gephyra 5, 2008, 73-120.
  • N. E. Akyürek Şahin, Bilecik’ten Bir Grup Zeus Büstü ve Zeus Bronton, Gephyra 11, 2014, 121-171.
  • N. E. Akyürek Şahin – H. Uzunoğlu, Neue Inschriften aus Bilecik 2, Gephyra 24, 2022, 77-118.
  • K. Belke, Bithynien und Hellespont, 2 Bände (TIB 13), Wien 2020.
  • J. D. Denniston, Greek Particles, 2. Auflage, Oxford 1954.
  • Th. Drew-Bear – Ch. Naour, Divinités de Phrygie, ANRW II 18,3, Berlin-New York 1990, 1907-2044.
  • P. M. Fraser, Greek Ethnic Terminology, Oxford 2009.
  • H. S. Öztürk – A. Aktaş – E. Demirhan Öztürk, New Inscriptions from Nikaia XII. Sanctuary of Zeus Bronton in Ahmetler Village, Pazaryeri District, Gephyra 20, 2020, 171-192.
  • Ch. Schuler, Ländliche Siedlungen und Gemeinden im hellenistischen und römischen Kleinasien, München 1998.
  • H. Schwabl, Zum Kult des Zeus in Kleinasien (II): Der phrygische Zeus Bennios und Verwandtes, Acta Ant. Hung. 39, 1999, 345-354.
  • F. Solmsen, Beiträge zur griechischen Wortforschung, Straßburg 1909.
  • G. Staab, Gebrochener Glanz. Klassische Tradition und Alltagswelt im Spiegel neuer und alter Grabepigramme des griechischen Ostens, Berlin-Boston 2018.
  • G. Staab – N. E. Akyürek Şahin – H. Uzunoğlu, Neue Grabepigramme aus Bilecik, Gephyra 25, 2023, 173-187.
  • S. Şahin, Zeus Bennios, in: S. Şahin – E. Schwertheim – J. Wagner (Hgg.), Zur Religion und Kultur Kleinasiens: Festschrift für K. F. Dörner, Bd. II, Leiden 1978, 771-790.
  • P. Thonemann, The Lives of Ancient Villages. Rural Society in Ancient Anatolia, Oxford 2022.
  • L. Zgusta, Kleinasiatische Ortsnamen, Heidelberg 1984.

Kommemorativinschrift anlässlich der Stiftung von Opferfesten und Weihgaben durch einen Familienverband im Heiligtum von Dabla

Year 2023, Volume: 26, 217 - 226, 12.11.2023
https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.1371394

Abstract

This article is a continuation of the article published in the previous issue of Gephyra (Staab - Akyürek Şahin - Uzunoğlu 2023). The article analyses an inscription from the village of Ahmetler in the Pazaryeri district of Bilecik province, which was recorded by the Bilecik Museum authorities. The stone is not in the Bilecik Museum today but is probably still in the wall where it was built. The inscription was read from the photograph taken by the museum authorities, but the stone itself was not seen. The inscription is an epigram written in hexameter verse. The first two lines of the epigram are missing and probably remained under the cement on the wall. However, the rest of the lines are almost complete except line 1, which is poorly preserved. Since the stone was built into a wall, it is not clear whether the inscription carrier was an altar or a stele.
The person named Onesikrates, mentioned in lines 3 and 4 of the inscription, played an important role in this inscription. This person is the uncle of Hermias, the young Onesikrates and Ulpianus. It is understood that the uncle Onesikrates was the head of the family group mentioned in the poem. It is not known whether he took over the care of his nephews after the death of their father and whether they therefore all belonged to the same household. In any case, here as elsewhere, third-degree kinship reflects close family ties, especially in rural social structures. The uncle Onesicrates, who was also a soldier, appears as a central figure, and all the nephews mentioned are included in his oath or prayer. In line 4, the addressee, addressed in the second person (σύ θ᾿), must be the (local?) deity of the (local?) sanctuary of Dabla, to whom the wish to bestow property on the named individuals is expressed. It is known from the inscriptions that Zeus Bennios or Zeus Bronton was worshipped in this region. This inscription may have been erected in the sanctuary of one of these two gods. The article analyses the phrase Δαβλόνῳ παρὰ νηῷ in line 9 of the inscription and suggests that the name of the settlement may be Dabla. The inscription poetically describes the full financing of the three sacrificial feasts. The poem itself is thus identified as an expression of this praise for the donors.

References

  • M. Adak – N. E. Akyürek Şahin – M. Y. Güneş, Neue Inschriften im Museum von Bolu (Bithynion/Klaudiupolis), Gephyra 5, 2008, 73-120.
  • N. E. Akyürek Şahin, Bilecik’ten Bir Grup Zeus Büstü ve Zeus Bronton, Gephyra 11, 2014, 121-171.
  • N. E. Akyürek Şahin – H. Uzunoğlu, Neue Inschriften aus Bilecik 2, Gephyra 24, 2022, 77-118.
  • K. Belke, Bithynien und Hellespont, 2 Bände (TIB 13), Wien 2020.
  • J. D. Denniston, Greek Particles, 2. Auflage, Oxford 1954.
  • Th. Drew-Bear – Ch. Naour, Divinités de Phrygie, ANRW II 18,3, Berlin-New York 1990, 1907-2044.
  • P. M. Fraser, Greek Ethnic Terminology, Oxford 2009.
  • H. S. Öztürk – A. Aktaş – E. Demirhan Öztürk, New Inscriptions from Nikaia XII. Sanctuary of Zeus Bronton in Ahmetler Village, Pazaryeri District, Gephyra 20, 2020, 171-192.
  • Ch. Schuler, Ländliche Siedlungen und Gemeinden im hellenistischen und römischen Kleinasien, München 1998.
  • H. Schwabl, Zum Kult des Zeus in Kleinasien (II): Der phrygische Zeus Bennios und Verwandtes, Acta Ant. Hung. 39, 1999, 345-354.
  • F. Solmsen, Beiträge zur griechischen Wortforschung, Straßburg 1909.
  • G. Staab, Gebrochener Glanz. Klassische Tradition und Alltagswelt im Spiegel neuer und alter Grabepigramme des griechischen Ostens, Berlin-Boston 2018.
  • G. Staab – N. E. Akyürek Şahin – H. Uzunoğlu, Neue Grabepigramme aus Bilecik, Gephyra 25, 2023, 173-187.
  • S. Şahin, Zeus Bennios, in: S. Şahin – E. Schwertheim – J. Wagner (Hgg.), Zur Religion und Kultur Kleinasiens: Festschrift für K. F. Dörner, Bd. II, Leiden 1978, 771-790.
  • P. Thonemann, The Lives of Ancient Villages. Rural Society in Ancient Anatolia, Oxford 2022.
  • L. Zgusta, Kleinasiatische Ortsnamen, Heidelberg 1984.

Dabla Kutsal Alanındaki Bir Aile Birliği Tarafından Kurban Bayramlarının ve Sunuların Vakfedilmesi Nedeniyle Hatıra Yazıtı

Year 2023, Volume: 26, 217 - 226, 12.11.2023
https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.1371394

Abstract

Bu makale, Gephyra dergisinin önceki sayısında (Staab – Akyürek Şahin – Uzunoğlu 2023) yayınla-dığımız makalenin devamı niteliğindedir. Makalede Bilecik ilinin Pazaryeri ilçesi, Ahmetler köyünde Bilecik müzesi yetkililerince kaydedilmiş olan bir yazıt incelenmektedir. Taş bugün Bilecik Müzesi’nde olmayıp olasılıkla hâlâ örülü olduğu duvarda durmaktadır. Yazıt müze yetkililerinden alınan fotoğraftan okunmuş olup taşın kendisi görülmemiştir. Yazıt Heksametron ölçüsünde yazılmış bir epigramdır. Vezinden anlaşıldığı kadarıyla epigramın ilk iki satırı eksiktir ve olasılıkla duvardaki çimentonun altında kalmıştır. Fakat geri kalan satırları az korunan 1. satır hariç neredeyse tamdır. Taş, bir duvara örülü olduğu için yazıt taşıyıcısının bir altar mı, yoksa bir stel mi olduğu anlaşılamamaktadır.
Yazıtın 3. ve 4. satırlarında adı geçen Onesikrates isimli şahıs bu yazıtta önemli bir rol oynayan bir kimsedir. Bu kişi yazıtta isimleri geçen Hermias, genç Onesikrates ve Ulpianus adlı şahısların amcasıdır. Amca Onesikrates’in şiirde sözü edilen aile grubunun başı olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Babalarının ölümünden sonra yeğenlerinin bakımını üstlenip üstlenmediği ve bu nedenle hepsinin aynı ev halkına ait olup olmadığı bilinmemektedir. Her durumda, başka yerlerde olduğu gibi burada da üçüncü dereceden akrabalık, özellikle kırsal toplumsal yapılarda, yakın aile bağlarını yansıtmaktadır. Aynı zamanda bir asker olan amca Onesikrates merkezi bir figür olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır ve adı geçen yeğenlerin hepsi onun yemininde ya da duasında yer almaktadır. 4. satırda ikinci şahısta (σύ θ᾿) hitap edilen muhatap, belirtilen kişilere mal mülk bahşetmesi dileğinin ifade edildiği Dabla kutsal alanının (yerel?) tanrısı olmalıdır. Bu bölgede Zeus Bennios ya da Zeus Bronton’a tapınıldığı yazıtlardan bilinmektedir. Bu yazıt bu iki tanrıdan birisinin kutsal alanına dikilmiş olabilir. Makalede yazıtta 9. Satırda geçen Δαβλόνῳ παρὰ νηῷ ifadesi incelenmekte ve yerleşim yerinin adının Dabla olabileceğine değinilmektedir. Yazıtta kutlanmış olan üç kurban bayramının tamamen finanse edilmesi şiirsel bir şekilde anlatılmaktadır. Böylece şiirin kendisi bağışçılara yönelik bu övgünün bir ifadesi olarak belirlenmiştir. Yazıtın Türkçe çevirisi şöyledir:
Hermias, genç Onesikrates ve Ulpianus, amcaları asker Onesikrates’le birlikte [1. mısra: “sana, ey Zeus Bennios? . . .”] onları her türden mal varlığıyla onurlandırasın diye dua ediyorlar ve çok büyük kurban bayramlarında gerçekten sevinen bu insanlar, Dabla [yer isminin bu şekli kesin değildir] kutsal alanındaki ana topluluğa, büyükbaş hayvan kurbanları, eğlenceler ve tüm masraflarla üçüncü kez teşekkürlerini sunarak tüm ev cemaatinin sunak taşları için teşekkür ederek onur ve övgüyle taçlandırdığı onlar sunakları resimlerle (Zeus büstleriyle?) ikinci kez diktiler.

References

  • M. Adak – N. E. Akyürek Şahin – M. Y. Güneş, Neue Inschriften im Museum von Bolu (Bithynion/Klaudiupolis), Gephyra 5, 2008, 73-120.
  • N. E. Akyürek Şahin, Bilecik’ten Bir Grup Zeus Büstü ve Zeus Bronton, Gephyra 11, 2014, 121-171.
  • N. E. Akyürek Şahin – H. Uzunoğlu, Neue Inschriften aus Bilecik 2, Gephyra 24, 2022, 77-118.
  • K. Belke, Bithynien und Hellespont, 2 Bände (TIB 13), Wien 2020.
  • J. D. Denniston, Greek Particles, 2. Auflage, Oxford 1954.
  • Th. Drew-Bear – Ch. Naour, Divinités de Phrygie, ANRW II 18,3, Berlin-New York 1990, 1907-2044.
  • P. M. Fraser, Greek Ethnic Terminology, Oxford 2009.
  • H. S. Öztürk – A. Aktaş – E. Demirhan Öztürk, New Inscriptions from Nikaia XII. Sanctuary of Zeus Bronton in Ahmetler Village, Pazaryeri District, Gephyra 20, 2020, 171-192.
  • Ch. Schuler, Ländliche Siedlungen und Gemeinden im hellenistischen und römischen Kleinasien, München 1998.
  • H. Schwabl, Zum Kult des Zeus in Kleinasien (II): Der phrygische Zeus Bennios und Verwandtes, Acta Ant. Hung. 39, 1999, 345-354.
  • F. Solmsen, Beiträge zur griechischen Wortforschung, Straßburg 1909.
  • G. Staab, Gebrochener Glanz. Klassische Tradition und Alltagswelt im Spiegel neuer und alter Grabepigramme des griechischen Ostens, Berlin-Boston 2018.
  • G. Staab – N. E. Akyürek Şahin – H. Uzunoğlu, Neue Grabepigramme aus Bilecik, Gephyra 25, 2023, 173-187.
  • S. Şahin, Zeus Bennios, in: S. Şahin – E. Schwertheim – J. Wagner (Hgg.), Zur Religion und Kultur Kleinasiens: Festschrift für K. F. Dörner, Bd. II, Leiden 1978, 771-790.
  • P. Thonemann, The Lives of Ancient Villages. Rural Society in Ancient Anatolia, Oxford 2022.
  • L. Zgusta, Kleinasiatische Ortsnamen, Heidelberg 1984.
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language German
Subjects Latin and Classical Greek Languages
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Gregor Staab 0000-0002-6243-6921

Nalan Eda Akyürek Şahin 0000-0002-5993-0566

Hüseyin Uzunoğlu 0000-0001-7707-4647

Publication Date November 12, 2023
Submission Date October 4, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 26

Cite

APA Staab, G., Akyürek Şahin, N. E., & Uzunoğlu, H. (2023). Kommemorativinschrift anlässlich der Stiftung von Opferfesten und Weihgaben durch einen Familienverband im Heiligtum von Dabla. Gephyra, 26, 217-226. https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.1371394
AMA Staab G, Akyürek Şahin NE, Uzunoğlu H. Kommemorativinschrift anlässlich der Stiftung von Opferfesten und Weihgaben durch einen Familienverband im Heiligtum von Dabla. GEPHYRA. November 2023;26:217-226. doi:10.37095/gephyra.1371394
Chicago Staab, Gregor, Nalan Eda Akyürek Şahin, and Hüseyin Uzunoğlu. “Kommemorativinschrift anlässlich Der Stiftung Von Opferfesten Und Weihgaben Durch Einen Familienverband Im Heiligtum Von Dabla”. Gephyra 26, November (November 2023): 217-26. https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.1371394.
EndNote Staab G, Akyürek Şahin NE, Uzunoğlu H (November 1, 2023) Kommemorativinschrift anlässlich der Stiftung von Opferfesten und Weihgaben durch einen Familienverband im Heiligtum von Dabla. Gephyra 26 217–226.
IEEE G. Staab, N. E. Akyürek Şahin, and H. Uzunoğlu, “Kommemorativinschrift anlässlich der Stiftung von Opferfesten und Weihgaben durch einen Familienverband im Heiligtum von Dabla”, GEPHYRA, vol. 26, pp. 217–226, 2023, doi: 10.37095/gephyra.1371394.
ISNAD Staab, Gregor et al. “Kommemorativinschrift anlässlich Der Stiftung Von Opferfesten Und Weihgaben Durch Einen Familienverband Im Heiligtum Von Dabla”. Gephyra 26 (November 2023), 217-226. https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.1371394.
JAMA Staab G, Akyürek Şahin NE, Uzunoğlu H. Kommemorativinschrift anlässlich der Stiftung von Opferfesten und Weihgaben durch einen Familienverband im Heiligtum von Dabla. GEPHYRA. 2023;26:217–226.
MLA Staab, Gregor et al. “Kommemorativinschrift anlässlich Der Stiftung Von Opferfesten Und Weihgaben Durch Einen Familienverband Im Heiligtum Von Dabla”. Gephyra, vol. 26, 2023, pp. 217-26, doi:10.37095/gephyra.1371394.
Vancouver Staab G, Akyürek Şahin NE, Uzunoğlu H. Kommemorativinschrift anlässlich der Stiftung von Opferfesten und Weihgaben durch einen Familienverband im Heiligtum von Dabla. GEPHYRA. 2023;26:217-26.