The aim of this paper is to identify factors that might assist implementation of Target 1 for the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) for 2020: “an online flora of all known plants.” This is done by considering progress in large regional floras to date and production of The Plant List online, in conjunction with lessons learned from the first 10 years of GSPC implementation. If the online flora is to support GSPC implementation, then it has to be able to support conservation and sustainable-use projects at national and local levels in addition to linking to information concerning global plant diversity. This will require strong partnerships and collaborations across the botanical community. Measurement of progress will help identify gaps and direct efforts, and indicators for measuring progress are suggested.