Environmental and Biogeographic Drivers behind Alpine Plant Thermal Tolerance and Genetic Variation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Thermal Tolerance Thresholds across Elevation and Species
2.2. Patterns of Genetic Variation
2.3. Temporal Changes in Habitat Suitability
3. Discussion
3.1. Drivers of Species-Level Thermal Tolerance Variation
3.2. Population Genetic Patterns Underlying Thermal Tolerance Variation across Elevation and Geographic Gradients
3.3. Genetic Patterns in the Context of Temporal Changes in Habitat Suitability
3.4. Considerations for Conservation of Alpine Landscapes under a Changing Climate
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Field Study Area
4.2. Species Selection
4.3. Field Sampling, Measurements, and Data Collection
4.3.1. Microsite Logging Stations
4.3.2. Thermal Tolerance Sampling and Assays
4.3.3. Genetic Sampling, Sequencing, and Analyses
4.4. Statistical Analysis of Field-Based Datasets
4.4.1. Thermal Tolerance Thresholds across Elevation Gradients
4.4.2. Genetic Differentiation and Diversity across Sampling Ranges
4.5. Modelled Current and LGM Potential Distributions for Three Focal Species
4.5.1. Floristic Occurrence Data
4.5.2. Current and LGM Extents
4.5.3. Model Preparation
4.5.4. Species Distribution Models
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Factor | Tcrit-cold | Tcrit-hot | TTB | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F (1, 44.5) | p-Value | F (1, 25.2) | p-Value | F (1, 512.7) | p-Value | |
Elevation | 0.289 | 0.593 | 1.72 | 0.097 | 0.723 | 0.396 |
Random effects of species and date or site | Marg. R2 (elevation only) | Cond. R2 (elevation + species and date) | Marg. R2 (elevation only) | Cond. R2 (elevation + species and site) | Marg. R2 (elevation only) | Cond. R2 (elevation + species) |
0.001 | 0.692 | 0.006 | 0.355 | 0.001 | 0.450 |
Factor | Tcrit-cold (°C) | Tcrit-hot (°C) | TTB (°C) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F (9, 521.1) | p-Value | F (9, 578.5) | p-Value | F (9, 508) | p-Value | |
Species | 79.0 | <0.0001 * | 32.3 | <0.0001 * | 37.0 | <0.0001 * |
Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | Mean ± SE | ||||
Hovea montana | −17.8 ± 0.5 | 40.6 ± 0.6 | 60.6 ± 1.0 | |||
Grevillea australis | −10.8 ± 0.4 | 50.5 ± 0.6 | 60.2 ± 0.7 | |||
Astelia alpina | −13.5 ± 0.4 | 44.3 ± 0.6 | 58.3 ± 0.7 | |||
Epacris paludosa | −11.6 ± 0.3 | 45.1 ± 0.5 | 56.7 ± 0.6 | |||
Oxylobium ellipticum | −14.8 ± 0.4 | 41.7 ± 0.6 | 56.4 ± 0.7 | |||
Richea continentis | −10.6 ± 0.3 | 44.2 ± 0.6 | 54.9 ± 0.6 | |||
Tasmannia xerophila | −8.5 ± 0.4 | 46.5 ± 0.7 | 54.8 ± 0.7 | |||
Aciphylla glacialis | −7.7 ± 0.4 | 41.6 ± 0.6 | 49.4 ± 0.6 | |||
Prostanthera cuneata | −9.6 ± 0.4 | 39.5 ± 0.6 | 49.2 ± 0.7 | |||
Psychrophila introloba | −6.4 ± 0.4 | 41.9 ± 0.7 | 48.2 ± 0.8 |
Species | Family | Growth Form | Elevation Range of Sampling (m a.s.l) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Thermal Tolerance | Genetic | |||
Aciphylla glacialis (F.Muell.) Benth. | Apiaceae | Forb | 1735–2066 | 1724–2058 |
Astelia alpina R.Br. * | Asteliaceae | Forb | 1735–2044 | 1651–2058 |
Psychrophila introloba (F.Muell.) W.A.Weber | Ranunculaceae | Forb | 1735–2044 | 1716–2080 |
Richea continentis B.L.Burtt * | Ericaceae | Shrub | 1502–2066 | 1483–2057 |
Epacris paludosa R.Br. * | Ericaceae | Shrub | 1503–2070 | 1449–2034 |
Grevillea australis R.Br. * | Proteaceae | Shrub | 1503–2070 | 1363–1994 |
Prostanthera cuneata Benth. | Lamiaceae | Shrub | 1503–1966 | 1364–1993 |
Hovea montana (Hook.f.) J.H.Ross * | Fabaceae | Shrub | 1420–1894 | 1365–1902 |
Oxylobium ellipticum (Vent.) R.Br. * | Fabaceae | Shrub | 1411–1933 | 1366–1935 |
Tasmannia xerophila M.Gray * | Winteraceae | Shrub | 1420–1920 | 1221–1796 |
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Danzey, L.M.; Briceño, V.F.; Cook, A.M.; Nicotra, A.B.; Peyre, G.; Rossetto, M.; Yap, J.-Y.S.; Leigh, A. Environmental and Biogeographic Drivers behind Alpine Plant Thermal Tolerance and Genetic Variation. Plants 2024, 13, 1271. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091271
Danzey LM, Briceño VF, Cook AM, Nicotra AB, Peyre G, Rossetto M, Yap J-YS, Leigh A. Environmental and Biogeographic Drivers behind Alpine Plant Thermal Tolerance and Genetic Variation. Plants. 2024; 13(9):1271. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091271
Chicago/Turabian StyleDanzey, Lisa M., Verónica F. Briceño, Alicia M. Cook, Adrienne B. Nicotra, Gwendolyn Peyre, Maurizio Rossetto, Jia-Yee S. Yap, and Andrea Leigh. 2024. "Environmental and Biogeographic Drivers behind Alpine Plant Thermal Tolerance and Genetic Variation" Plants 13, no. 9: 1271. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091271