A Comparative Study of Several Properties of Plywood Bonded with Virgin and Recycled LDPE Films
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Manufacturing and Testing of Plywood Samples
3. Results
3.1. Density of Plywood Samples
3.2. Bending Strength and Modulus of Elasticity of Plywood Samples
3.3. Shear Strength of Plywood Samples
3.4. Water Absorption and Thickness Swelling of Plywood Samples
3.5. Pearson Correlation for Properties Versus Density
3.6. Formaldehyde Release
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Wood Species | Thickness of Veneer (mm) | Thickness of Film (µm) | Thickness of Plywood Samples (mm) | Density of Plywood Samples (kg/m3) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rLDPE | LDPE | rLDPE | LDPE | |||
Poplar | 0.75 | 50 | 2.19 (0.02) * | 2.19 (0.03) | 435.36 (19.94) | 463.86 (14.48) |
100 | 2.23 (0.06) | 2.23 (0.04) | 463.91 (22.45) | 488.74 (15.80) | ||
150 | 2.22 (0.04) | 2.23 (0.03) | 484.48 (13.87) | 505.11 (23.46) | ||
Beech | 0.45 | 50 | 1.39 (0.07) | 1.32 (0.05) | 618.25 (25.36) | 661.16 (17.68) |
100 | 1.31 (0.03) | 1.35 (0.02) | 659.83 (14.94) | 677.45 (19.69) | ||
150 | 1.42 (0.09) | 1.39 (0.06) | 673.05 (39.87) | 720.20 (27.75) | ||
Birch | 1.55 | 50 | 4.57 (0.09) | 4.41 (0.11) | 649.93 (13.65) | 668.21 (18.90) |
100 | 4.62 (0.07) | 4.52 (0.11) | 644.95 (36.16) | 651.82 (43.34) | ||
150 | 4.69 (0.09) | 4.58 (0.06) | 632.36 (39.23) | 659.53 (13.06) | ||
Hornbeam | 1.50 | 50 | 4.47 (0.09) | 4.35 (0.13) | 749.41 (17.66) | 784.63 (15.08) |
100 | 4.49 (0.16) | 4.18 (0.03) | 765.83 (34.76) | 790.09 (15.82) | ||
150 | 4.33 (0.13) | 4.52 (0.03) | 771.01 (15.96) | 802.13 (10.94) |
Property | Density | WA (24 h) | TS (24 h) | Shear Strength | MOR | MOE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Density | 1 | |||||
WA (24 h) | −0.834 a | 1 | ||||
TS (24 h) | 0.774 a | −0.554 b | 1 | |||
Shear strength | 0.111 | −0.334 | −0.287 | 1 | ||
MOR | 0.583 b | −0.657 b | 0.113 | 0.498 b | 1 | |
MOE | 0.617 b | −0.621 b | 0.325 | 0.728 a | 0.704 a | 1 |
Formaldehyde Release (mg/m2·h) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Adhesive | Wood Species | |||
Beech | Birch | Hornbeam | Poplar | |
UF | 0.85 (0.03) | 0.69 (0.02) | 0.73 (0.03) | 0.66 (0.03) |
LDPE—50 | 0.03 (0.004) | 0.06 (0.001) | 0.10 (0.002) | - |
LDPE—100 | - | 0.08 (0.001) | - | - |
LDPE—150 | - | 0.04 (0.002) | 0.06 (0.002) | 0.07 (0.002) |
rLDPE—50 | - | 0.05 (0.002) | - | 0.09 (0.001) |
rLDPE—100 | - | - | 0.10 (0.002) | 0.03 (0.001) |
rLDPE—150 | 0.06 (0.002) | 0.01 (0.001) | 0.10 (0.002) | - |
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Bekhta, P.; Pizzi, A.; Kusniak, I.; Bekhta, N.; Chernetskyi, O.; Nuryawan, A. A Comparative Study of Several Properties of Plywood Bonded with Virgin and Recycled LDPE Films. Materials 2022, 15, 4942. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15144942
Bekhta P, Pizzi A, Kusniak I, Bekhta N, Chernetskyi O, Nuryawan A. A Comparative Study of Several Properties of Plywood Bonded with Virgin and Recycled LDPE Films. Materials. 2022; 15(14):4942. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15144942
Chicago/Turabian StyleBekhta, Pavlo, Antonio Pizzi, Iryna Kusniak, Nataliya Bekhta, Orest Chernetskyi, and Arif Nuryawan. 2022. "A Comparative Study of Several Properties of Plywood Bonded with Virgin and Recycled LDPE Films" Materials 15, no. 14: 4942. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15144942