Factors Influencing Self-Confidence and Willingness to Perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation among Working Adults—A Quasi-Experimental Study in a Training Environment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Aims
- The influence on the ability to recognize the symptoms of SCA and perform correct chest compressions was analyzed in the context of the following factors:
- Previous participation in a first aid training in general;
- The time that has elapsed since previous first aid training;
- Previous hands-on-training of checking for consciousness and the presence of normal breathing in the past (CBA skill: consciousness and breathing assessment);
- Previous hands-on-training of chest compressions on a manikin (CCs skill: chest compressions);
- Completing the course in accordance with the planned methodology.
- Whether the willingness of participants to undertake resuscitation on individual victims depends on completing the course in accordance with the planned methodology;
- How the current training changes participants’ decision to undertake CPR on individual victims if previous training history is taken under consideration.
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Study Design and Setting
3.2. Participants
3.3. Data Sources/Measurement
- Stage I.—Literature review to identify questions used in research on similar topics, including: literature reviews—total n = 6, (1 was rejected due to the lack of direct reference to the topic of the work); original articles, in total n = 51 (13 were rejected due to lack of direct reference to the topic of the work or to a very specific population); guidelines and international recommendations = 4—The International Liaison Committee On Resuscitation Education Implementation And Teams Task Force, American Heart Association and European Resuscitation Council Guidelines.
- Stage II.—Critical analysis of questions used in other researchers’ questionnaires and their verification in terms of consistency with the goals of the presented study.
- Stage III.—Creating a questionnaire appropriate to verify the chosen aims of the study.
- Stage IV.—Critical content evaluation by an experienced subject matter experts (n = 3)—removal of one question that was considered divergent from the chosen study aims; adding a question regarding the general characteristics of the group concerning the voivodeship of residence of the respondents.
- Stage V.—Presentation of the questionnaire in a pilot form to 30 respondents (debriefing respondents to obtain additional information about their views of the questions/concepts) participating in commercial resuscitation courses to evaluate the questionnaire in terms of whether:
- Closed questions provide at least one answer choice that would apply to every respondent;
- Questions were interpreted in the same manner by all the respondents;
- Answer choices to be selected correct;
- Questionnaire creates a positive impression, thus motivating people to respond to the question;
- Finally, whether any aspect of the questionnaire suggests any bias from the researcher.
3.4. Statistical Analysis
4. Results
5. Discussion
Limitations
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Participation in First Aid Course in the Past | Yes, <1 Year | Yes, 1–2 Years | Yes, >2 years | No Never |
---|---|---|---|---|
n = 220 | n = 105 | n = 408 | n = 235 | |
PRE-TEST Recognizing the symptoms of cardiac arrest? (Scale: 1-not able, 2-not sure, 3-able, 4-definitely able) | Me, [IQR] | |||
2.8, [3–3] | 2.3 [2–3] | 2.3, [2–3] | 1,8, [1–2] | |
p-value | 0.000 |
Participation in the First Aid Course in the Past | Yes, <1 year | Yes, 1–2 years | Yes, >2 years | No, Never |
---|---|---|---|---|
n = 220 | n = 105 | n = 408 | n = 235 | |
PRE-TEST Conducting proper chest compressions? (Scale: 1-not able, 2-not sure, 3-able, 4-definitely able) | Me, [IQR] | |||
3.1, [3–3] | 2.4, [2–2] | 2.3, [2–3] | 1.6, [1–2] | |
p value | 0.000 |
Victim Characteristic | Pre-Test, (%) | Post-Test, n (%) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Family member | 911 (94.2) | 933 (96.5) | 0.015 |
Child | 833 (86.1) | 903 (93.4) | 0.000 |
Person you know | 887 (91.7) | 927 (95.9) | <0.001 |
Stranger | 723 (74.8) | 883 (91.3) | 0.000 |
Victim Characteristic and Previous Training History | OR | −95%CI | +95 CI | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Family member | ||||
Regardless of training history | 2.1 | 1.23 | 3.58 | 0.007 |
No never | 4 | 0.85 | 18.84 | 0.113 |
Yes, <1 year | 0.8 | 0.32 | 2.03 | 0.813 |
Yes, 1–2 years | 3 | 0.61 | 14.86 | 0.289 |
Yes, >2 years | 3.33 | 1.34 | 8.3 | 0.010 |
Child | ||||
Regardless of training history | 4.5 | 2.77 | 7.31 | <0.001 |
No never | 7.5 | 2.64 | 21.29 | <0.001 |
Yes, <1 year | 1.6 | 0.73 | 3.53 | 0.326 |
Yes, 1–2 years | 4 | 0.85 | 18.84 | 0.113 |
Yes, >2 years | 9 | 3.2 | 25.29 | <0.001 |
Person you know | ||||
Regardless of training history | 3.22 | 1.9 | 5.47 | <0.001 |
No never | NA | NA | NA | <0.001 |
Yes, <1 year | 1 | 0.45 | 2.23 | 0.838 |
Yes, 1–2 years | 4 | 0.85 | 18.84 | 0.113 |
Yes, >2 years | 6 | 2.08 | 17.29 | <0.001 |
Stranger | ||||
Regardless of training history | 7.67 | 5.01 | 11.73 | <0.001 |
No never | 27 | 6.58 | 110.74 | <0.001 |
Yes, <1 year | 1.63 | 0.87 | 3.03 | 0.164 |
Yes, 1–2 years | 7 | 1.59 | 30.08 | 0.006 |
Yes, >2 years | 22.5 | 8.26 | 61.25 | <0.001 |
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Jaskiewicz, F.; Kowalewski, D.; Kaniecka, E.; Kozlowski, R.; Marczak, M.; Timler, D. Factors Influencing Self-Confidence and Willingness to Perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation among Working Adults—A Quasi-Experimental Study in a Training Environment. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 8334. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148334
Jaskiewicz F, Kowalewski D, Kaniecka E, Kozlowski R, Marczak M, Timler D. Factors Influencing Self-Confidence and Willingness to Perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation among Working Adults—A Quasi-Experimental Study in a Training Environment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(14):8334. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148334
Chicago/Turabian StyleJaskiewicz, Filip, Dawid Kowalewski, Ewa Kaniecka, Remigiusz Kozlowski, Michal Marczak, and Dariusz Timler. 2022. "Factors Influencing Self-Confidence and Willingness to Perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation among Working Adults—A Quasi-Experimental Study in a Training Environment" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 14: 8334. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148334