Impact of Daycare Service Interruption during COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical and Mental Functions and Nutrition in Older People with Dementia
Abstract
:1. Background
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Recruitment
2.3. Setting
2.4. Measures
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Description of the Study Participants
3.2. Differences in Physical and Cognitive Functions, and Nutritional Status at Baseline, during Restriction and after Resumption of Daycare Services in the COVID-19 Outbreak
3.3. Relevant Factors of Physical and Cognitive Function after Restriction and Resumption of Daycare Services
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Demographic Characteristics | Mean ± SEM | Median (IQR) |
---|---|---|
Age (years) | 80.2 ± 2.4 | 81 (74.5–86) |
Sex, n (%) | ||
Male | 7 | (41.2%) |
Female | 10 | (58.8%) |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 24.2 ± 0.7 | 24.3 (22.8–25.3) |
Educational level, n (%) | ||
Illiterate | 2 | (11.8%) |
Literate | 15 | (88.2%) |
Marital Status, n (%) | ||
Married | 6 | (35.3%) |
Widowed | 10 | (58.8%) |
Divorced | 1 | (5.9%) |
Comorbid disease number, n (%) | 3 | (2–4) |
Comorbidities, n (%) | ||
Hypertension | 8 | (47.1%) |
Diabetes mellitus | 5 | (29.4%) |
Parkinson’s disease | 4 | (23.5%) |
Cerebrovascular accident | 3 | (17.6%) |
Cardiovascular diseases | 2 | (11.8%) |
Long-term care disability level, n (%) | ||
2 | 2 | (11.8%) |
3 | 1 | (5.9%) |
4 | 8 | (47.1%) |
5 | 3 | (17.6%) |
6 | 3 | (17.6%) |
Clinical dementia rating, n (%) | ||
0.5 | 6 | (35.3%) |
1 | 7 | (41.2%) |
2 | 3 | (17.6%) |
3 | 1 | (5.9%) |
Baseline | After 3-Month Restriction | After 3-Month Resumption | p Value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean ± SEM | Median (IQR) | Mean ± SEM | Median (IQR) | Mean ± SEM | Median (IQR) | ||
Body mass index | 24.2 ± 0.7 | 24.3 (22.8–25.3) | 23.6 ± 0.7 | 23.7 (22.1–25.3) | 23.9 ± 0.7 | 24.2 (22.6–25.1) | 0.215 |
Mini-mental state examination | 21.9 ± 1.4 | 21.0 (18.5–28.5) | 20.8 ± 1.5 | 19.0 (17.0–27.5) | 20.9 ± 1.4 | 20.0 (17.0–27.0) | 0.019 |
Five-item geriatric depression scale | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0 (0–0) | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0 (0–0.5) | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 0 (0–1.0) | 0.186 |
Barthel index of activities of daily living | 83.5 ± 3.1 | 85.0 (72.5–95.0) | 82.6 ± 3.3 | 85.0 (70.0–95.0) | 81.5 ± 3.3 | 85.0 (70.0–92.5) | 0.021 |
Lawton instrumental activities of daily living scale | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 3.0 (1.5–5.0) | 2.8 ± 0.5 | 2.0 (1.5–5.0) | 2.7 ± 0.5 | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 0.472 |
6 m walking speed | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.9 (0.6–0.9) | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.9 (0.5–1.1) | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.9 (0.6–1.0) | 0.133 |
Timed up-and-go test | 25.0 ± 9.2 | 12.8 (10.5–19.4) | 31.0 ± 13.4 | 16.3 (11.8–21.0) | 26.1 ± 9.6 | 13.4 (11.5–19.5) | 0.047 |
Functional reach test | 22.9 ± 1.7 | 22.3 (17.9–26.8) | 20.8 ± 1.7 | 19.4 (15.7–24.6) | 22.3 ± 1.7 | 20.9 (18.4–24.8) | 0.368 |
Mini nutritional assessment short form | 12.5 ± 0.3 | 13.0 (12.0–13.0) | 11.4 ± 0.4 | 12.0 (10.5–12.0) | 12.4 ± 0.3 | 13.0 (11.5–13.0) | 0.001 |
EQ-5D utility index | 0.805 ± 0.051 | 0.877 (0.625–1) | 0.798 ± 0.052 | 0.756 (0.61–1) | 0.817 ± 0.046 | 0.833 (0.625–1) | 0.268 |
EQ-visual analogue scale | 83.9 ± 3.1 | 85.0 (75–95) | 82.5 ± 3.6 | 85.0 (77.5–95) | 86.4 ± 3.4 | 90.0 (77.5–99.0) | 0.463 |
After 3-Month Restriction | After 3-Month Resumption | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Timed Up-and-Go Test | Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form | Timed Up-and-Go test | Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form | |||||
rs | p Value | rs | p Value | rs | p Value | rs | p Value | |
Baseline parameters of CGA | ||||||||
Body mass index | −0.10 | 0.701 | 0.30 | 0.243 | −0.01 | 0.978 | 0.73 | 0.001 |
Mini-mental state examination | −0.15 | 0.565 | 0.09 | 0.745 | −0.28 | 0.271 | 0.18 | 0.484 |
Five-item geriatric depression scale | −0.10 | 0.697 | −0.32 | 0.205 | −0.31 | 0.232 | −0.46 | 0.065 |
Barthel index of activities of daily living | −0.61 | 0.009 | 0.26 | 0.321 | −0.66 | 0.004 | 0.48 | 0.051 |
Lawton instrumental activities of daily living scale | −0.54 | 0.025 | 0.01 | 0.955 | −0.75 | 0.001 | 0.13 | 0.615 |
6 m walking speed | −0.84 | <0.001 | −0.22 | 0.386 | −0.70 | 0.002 | −0.05 | 0.834 |
Functional reach test | −0.40 | 0.124 | 0.49 | 0.056 | −0.48 | 0.057 | 0.02 | 0.943 |
EQ-5D utility index | −0.60 | 0.011 | 0.26 | 0.319 | −0.55 | 0.023 | 0.24 | 0.349 |
EQ-visual analogue scale | −0.74 | 0.001 | 0.08 | 0.761 | −0.63 | 0.007 | −0.20 | 0.436 |
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Wang, Y.-S.; Lin, C.-F.; Kuo, F.-H.; Chou, Y.-C.; Lin, S.-Y. Impact of Daycare Service Interruption during COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical and Mental Functions and Nutrition in Older People with Dementia. Healthcare 2022, 10, 1744. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091744
Wang Y-S, Lin C-F, Kuo F-H, Chou Y-C, Lin S-Y. Impact of Daycare Service Interruption during COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical and Mental Functions and Nutrition in Older People with Dementia. Healthcare. 2022; 10(9):1744. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091744
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Ya-Shin, Cheng-Fu Lin, Fu-Hsuan Kuo, Ying-Chyi Chou, and Shih-Yi Lin. 2022. "Impact of Daycare Service Interruption during COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical and Mental Functions and Nutrition in Older People with Dementia" Healthcare 10, no. 9: 1744. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091744