Clinical Applications of Immuno-PET in Lymphoma: A Systematic Review
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results
3.1. CD20 Targeting
3.2. CXCR4 Targeting
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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First Author, Year [ref] | Risk of Bias | Applicability Concerns | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient Selection | Index Test | Reference Standard | Flow and Timing | Patient Selection | Index Test | Reference Standard | |
Muylle, 2015 [13] | ? | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ |
Jauw, 2017 [14] | ? | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ |
Rizvi, 2012 [15] | ? | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ |
Wester, 2015 [16] | ? | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ | ☺ |
Author, Year [ref] | Aims | Target Lymphoma | Patients | Disease stage | Molecular Target | Monoclonal Antibody | Study Phases | Main Findings |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Muylle, 2015 [13] | To compare [89Zr]Rit distribution with and without preload of unlabelledRit to assess the impact of preloading with unlabelledRit on tumor targeting and radiation dose of subsequent RIT with [90Y]Rit | B-cell lymphomas (1 NLPHL, 4 FL) | 5 M; stages: I bulky (n = 1), II bulky (n = 1), II (n = 2), IV (n = 1) | Relapsed disease, no bone marrow involvement; at least one prior treatment regimen (mean: 3, range 1–4). If on Rit, discontinued at least 6 months before | CD20 | Rit | Diagnostic/dosimetric phase I with [89Zr]Rit PET (at 1, 72 and 144 h) + diagnostic/dosimetric phase II with standard preload of unlabeled Rit before [89Zr]Rit PET+ therapeutic phase with preload of unlabeled Rit before [90Y]Rit administration | Without preload, increased whole-body effective dose of 90Y- and [89Zr]Rit in patients with preserved circulating CD20+ B cells compared to with preload; no difference between preload and no preload in whole-body effective dose among patients with B-cell depletion, although they consistently had higher tumor uptake in the phase with preload; radiation dose to bone marrow was higher with no preload |
Jauw, 2017 [14] | Performance of [89Zr]Rit as an imaging biomarker to assess CD20 targeting before therapy with Rit | Biopsy proven DLBCL with no CNS involvement; histopathological assessment of CD20 | 6 (4M,2F); stages: IE (n = 1), IIA (n = 1), IIIA (n = 1), IIIB (n = 2), IVA (n = 1) | Relapsed or refractory DLBCL after first line R-CHOP therapy, before R-DHAP second-line therapy | CD20 | Rit | [18F]FDG PET for relapse assessment; biopsy to prove relapse; IHC to rate CD20 positivity; [89Zr]Rit PET after therapeutic dose of Rit, with scans on day 0, 3 and 6 | Tumor uptake and CD20expression wereconcordant in 5/6 patients; overall positive correlation |
Rizvi, 2012 [15] | To assess [90Y]IT biodistribution and radiation dosimetry in humans using [89Zr]IT PET; evaluate if pre-therapy [89Zr]IT scout scans can predict [90Y]IT distribution during therapy; to predict dose-limiting organ during therapy | Relapsed/refractory CD20+ B cell lymphoma, not qualifiable for standard autologous stem cell transplantation; age < 66 years old | 7 (4M, 3F) | Relapsed patients scheduled for autologous stem cell transplantation after R-CHOP in I line, R-DHAP, R-VIM and R-DHAP in II line; no partial remission at [18F]FDG PET | CD20 | IT | Preload of unlabeled Rit before [89Zr]IT PET (at 1, 72 and 144 h, with dosimetric study) + stem cell transplantation + co-injection of [89Zr]IT and [90Y]IT in 4 patients (with[89Zr]PET at 1, 72 and 144 h, with dosimetric study) | High [89Zr]IT-image-based correlation between predicted pre-therapy and therapy organ absorbed doses; [89Zr]IT biodistribution is not influenced by simultaneous therapy with [90Y]IT; [89Zr]IT scout scans can predict biodistribution and dose-limiting organ during treatment; the dose-limiting organ in patients undergoing stem cell transplantation is the liver |
Wester, 2015 [16] | First clinical application of [68Ga]CXCR4 targeted molecular imaging to human lymphoproliferative diseases | CD30+ aggressive T-cell lymphoma and metachronous NSCLC (n = 1); relapsed DLBCL (n = 1); chronic lymphocytic leukemia and suspected transformation into aggressive B cell lymphoma (n = 1) | 3 | Progressive disease (relapsed/refractory to first-line R-CHOP), before second-line treatment with rit+cisplatin-based chemotherapy | CXCR4 | Pentixafor | Preclinical in vitro and in mice model study, pentixafor and [18F]FDG PET inpatientsin two consecutive days | [68Ga]pentixafor is a highly species selective PET-ligand for human CXCR4 and specific method for in vivo quantification of CXCR4 expression; CXCR4 expression correlates with cellular [68Ga]pentixafor uptake; excellent lesion to background tissue uptake contrast ratio (mild exception: bone marrow); favorable dosimetry |
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Triumbari, E.K.A.; Morland, D.; Laudicella, R.; Bauckneht, M.; Albano, D.; Annunziata, S. Clinical Applications of Immuno-PET in Lymphoma: A Systematic Review. Cancers 2022, 14, 3488. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143488
Triumbari EKA, Morland D, Laudicella R, Bauckneht M, Albano D, Annunziata S. Clinical Applications of Immuno-PET in Lymphoma: A Systematic Review. Cancers. 2022; 14(14):3488. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143488
Chicago/Turabian StyleTriumbari, Elizabeth Katherine Anna, David Morland, Riccardo Laudicella, Matteo Bauckneht, Domenico Albano, and Salvatore Annunziata. 2022. "Clinical Applications of Immuno-PET in Lymphoma: A Systematic Review" Cancers 14, no. 14: 3488. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143488