Research Article
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Application of Indigenous Plant-Based Vegetable Tanning Agent Extracted from Xylocarpus granatum in Semi-Chrome and Chrome Retanned Leather Production

Year 2022, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 258 - 264, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.32710/tekstilvekonfeksiyon.1066811

Abstract

Environmental issues are nowadays the prime concern worldwide for leather industries due to chrome containing solid and liquid wastes generated from the tannery. Therefore, experts are being encouraged in exploring alternative tanning agents. This study aimed at applying a novel vegetable tanning agent extracted from Xylocarpus granatum barks for the production of semi-chrome (SC) and chrome retanned (CR) leathers to reduce chromium use. Characterization of the SC and CR leathers was performed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy which revealed prominent tanning activity of the extracted tannins. The tanned leathers exhibited shrinkage temperatures of 112˚C for SC and 103˚C for CR leathers. The physicomechanical properties were found as tensile strength >230 kg/cm2, tear strength >30 kg/cm, grain cracking load >20 kg, distention at grain crack >7 mm, ball bursting load >38 kg, and distention at ball bursting >12mm that was comparatively acceptable according to UNIDO standard for shoe upper leathers.

Supporting Institution

This work was partially funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Bangladesh under the National Science and Technology (NST) fellowship

Project Number

Group: Physical Science, Reg. No: 317

References

  • Hussein SA. 2017. Utilization of tannins extracts of acacia seyal bark (taleh) in tannage of leather. Journal of Chemical Engineering and Process Technology. 8, 334-342. doi: 10.4172/2157-7048.1000334
  • Adiguzel-Zengin AC, Zengin G, Kilicarislan-Ozkan C, Dandar U, Kilic E. 2017. Characterization and application of acacia nilotica l. as an alternative vegetable tanning agent for leather processing. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 26(12), 7319-7326.
  • Mahdi H, Palmina K, Gurashi AG, Covington D. 2009. Potential of vegetable tanning materials and basic aluminum sulphate in sudanese leather industry. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology. 4, 20-31.
  • Basaran B, Ulas M, Bitlisli BO, Aslan A. 2008. Distribution of Cr (III) and Cr (VI) in chrome tanned leather. Indian Journal of Chemical Technology. 15, 511-514.
  • Hedberg YS, Liden C, Odnevall Wallinder I. 2015. Chromium released from leather-I: exposure conditions that govern the release of chromium (III) and chromium (VI). Contact Dermatitis. 72(4), 206–215. doi:10.1111/cod.12329
  • Al-Mizan, Juel MAI, Alam MS, Pichtel J, Ahmed T. 2020. Environmental and health risks of metal-contaminated soil in the former tannery area of Hazaribagh, Dhaka. SN Applied Science.https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03680-4
  • Ahmed S, Fatema-Tuj-Zohra, Khan MSH, Hashem MA. 2017. Chromium from tannery waste in poultry feed: A potential cradle to transport human food chain. Cogent Environmental Science. 3, 1312767.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311843.2017.1312767
  • Kilicarislan C, Ozgunay H. 2012. Ultrasound extraction of valonea tannin and its effects on extraction yield. JALCA. 107, 394-403.
  • Galvez JMG, Riedl B, Conner AH. 1997. Analytical studies on Tara tannins. Holzforschung. 51, 235-243.
  • Mahdi H, Palmina K, Glavtch I. 2006. Characterization of Acacia nilotica as an indigenous tanning material of Sudan. Journal of Tropical Forest Science. 18, 181-187.
  • Kuria A, Ombui J, Onyuka A, Sasia A, Kipyegon C, Kaimenyi P, Ngugi A. 2016. Quality evaluation of leathers produced by selected vegetable tanning materials from laikipia county, Kenya. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science. 9(4), 13-17. doi: 10.9790/2380-0904011317
  • Elgailani IEH, Ishak CY. 2014. Determination of tannins of three common acacia species of sudan. Advances in Chemistry. Article ID 192708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/192708
  • Elgailani IEH, Ishak CY. 2016. Methods for extraction and characterization of tannins from some acacia species of Sudan. Pakistan Journal of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry. 17(1), 43-49. doi: 10.21743/pjaec/2016.06.007
  • Chai WM, Huang Q, Lin MZ, Ou-Yang C, Huang WY, Wang YX, Xu KL, Feng HL. 2018. Condensed tannins from longan bark as inhibitor of tyrosinase: structure, activity, and mechanism. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry. 66, 908−917. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05481
  • Shahid-ud-daula AFM, Basher MA. 2009. Phytochemical screening, plant growth inhibition, and antimicrobial activity studies of Xylocarpus granatum. Malaysian Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences. 7(1), 9–21.
  • Baba S, Chan HT, Kainuma M, Kezuka M, Chan EWC, Tangah J. 2016. Botany, uses, chemistry and bioactivities of mangrove plants-III: Xylocarpus granatum. ISME/GLOMIS Electronic Journal. 14(1), 1-4.
  • Pisitsak P, Hutakamol J, Jeenapak S, Wanmanee P, Nuammaiphum J, Thongcharoen R. 2016. Natural dyeing of cotton with Xylocarpus granatum bark extract: dyeing, fastness, and ultraviolet protection properties. Fibers and Polymers. 17(4), 560-568. doi:10.1007/s12221-016-5702-x
  • Covington T. 2009. Tanning Chemistry: The Science of Leather. UK: The Royal Society of Chemistry.
  • Brown BE. 1997. Integrated coastal management-South Asia. Department of International Development, University of Newcastle, UK.
  • Zafar TB, Khan GM. 2018. A geographical overview of sundarban: the largest mangrove forest of Bangladesh. International Journal of Geology, Agriculture and Environmental Sciences. 6, 9-10.
  • International Union of Leather Technologist and Chemist Societies. IUP-16. 2001. Measurements of shrinkage temperature up to 100°C. Society of Leather Technologist and Chemist.
  • ISO-2419. 2012. Leather-physical and mechanical tests. Sample preparation and conditioning.
  • International Union of Leather Technologist and Chemist Societies. IUP-06. 2001. Measurement of tensile strength and percentage of elongation. Society of Leather Technologist and Chemist.
  • International Union of Leather Technologist and Chemist Societies. IUP-08. 2001. Measurement of tearing strength. Society of Leather Technologist and Chemist.
  • ISO-3378/IUP-12. 2002. Leather-physical and mechanical tests. Determination of resistance to grain cracking and grain crack index.
  • Zengin AC, Crudu M, Maier S, Deselnicu V, Albu L, Gulumser G, Bitlisli BO, Basaran B, Mutlu MM. 2012. Eco-leather: chromium-free leather production using titanium, oligomeric melamine formaldehyde resin, and resorcinol tanning agents and the properties of the resulting leathers. Ekoloji. 21, 17-25. doi: 10.5053/ekoloji.2011.823
  • Yallappa S, Manjanna J, Sindhe MA, Satyanarayan ND, Pramod SN, Nagaraja K. 2013. Microwave assisted rapid synthesis and biological evaluation of stable copper nanoparticles using T. arjuna bark extract. SpectrochimicaActa Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy. 110, 108–115. doi:10.1016/j.saa.2013.03.005
  • Ricci A, Olejar KJ, Parpinello GP, Kilmartin PA, Versari A. 2015. Application of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in the characterization of tannins. Applied Spectroscopy Reviews. 50, 407-442. doi:10.1080/05704928.2014.1000461
  • Foo LY. 1981. Proanthocyanidins: gross chemical structures by infrared spectra. Phytochemistry. 20, 1397-1402. doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(81)80047-7
  • Silva PMS, Fiaschitello TR, Queiroz RS, Freeman HS, Costa SA, Leo P, Montemor AF, Costa SM. 2020. Natural dye from croton urucuranabaill bark: extraction, physicochemical characterization, textile dyeing and color fastness properties. Dyes and Pigments. 173, 1-14. doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.107953
  • Musa AE, Gasmelseed GA. 2013. Development of eco-friendly combination tanning system for the manufacture of upper leathers. International Journal of Advance Industrial Engineering. 1(1), 9-15.
  • Basaran B, Iscam M, Bitlisii B, Asian A. 2006. Heavy metal content of various finished leathers. Journal of Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists. 90, 229-234.
  • Lawal AS, Odums 2015. Tanning of different animal skin/hides and study of their properties for textile applications. British Journal of Applied Science and Technology. 6, 588-594. doi: 10.9734/BJAST/2015/12938
  • United Nations Industrial Development Organization. 1996. Acceptable quality standards in the leather and footwear industry. Vienna, Austria. United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO).
  • Kasmudjiastuti E, Pidhatika1 B, Griyanitasari1 G, Pahlawan IF. 2018, November. The effect of alum addition on shrinkage temperature, chemical properties, and morphology in the manufacture of vegetable-tanned leather. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 602(012044), Conference on Innovation in Technology and Engineering Science, Padang, Indonesia.
Year 2022, Volume: 32 Issue: 3, 258 - 264, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.32710/tekstilvekonfeksiyon.1066811

Abstract

Project Number

Group: Physical Science, Reg. No: 317

References

  • Hussein SA. 2017. Utilization of tannins extracts of acacia seyal bark (taleh) in tannage of leather. Journal of Chemical Engineering and Process Technology. 8, 334-342. doi: 10.4172/2157-7048.1000334
  • Adiguzel-Zengin AC, Zengin G, Kilicarislan-Ozkan C, Dandar U, Kilic E. 2017. Characterization and application of acacia nilotica l. as an alternative vegetable tanning agent for leather processing. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin. 26(12), 7319-7326.
  • Mahdi H, Palmina K, Gurashi AG, Covington D. 2009. Potential of vegetable tanning materials and basic aluminum sulphate in sudanese leather industry. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology. 4, 20-31.
  • Basaran B, Ulas M, Bitlisli BO, Aslan A. 2008. Distribution of Cr (III) and Cr (VI) in chrome tanned leather. Indian Journal of Chemical Technology. 15, 511-514.
  • Hedberg YS, Liden C, Odnevall Wallinder I. 2015. Chromium released from leather-I: exposure conditions that govern the release of chromium (III) and chromium (VI). Contact Dermatitis. 72(4), 206–215. doi:10.1111/cod.12329
  • Al-Mizan, Juel MAI, Alam MS, Pichtel J, Ahmed T. 2020. Environmental and health risks of metal-contaminated soil in the former tannery area of Hazaribagh, Dhaka. SN Applied Science.https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03680-4
  • Ahmed S, Fatema-Tuj-Zohra, Khan MSH, Hashem MA. 2017. Chromium from tannery waste in poultry feed: A potential cradle to transport human food chain. Cogent Environmental Science. 3, 1312767.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311843.2017.1312767
  • Kilicarislan C, Ozgunay H. 2012. Ultrasound extraction of valonea tannin and its effects on extraction yield. JALCA. 107, 394-403.
  • Galvez JMG, Riedl B, Conner AH. 1997. Analytical studies on Tara tannins. Holzforschung. 51, 235-243.
  • Mahdi H, Palmina K, Glavtch I. 2006. Characterization of Acacia nilotica as an indigenous tanning material of Sudan. Journal of Tropical Forest Science. 18, 181-187.
  • Kuria A, Ombui J, Onyuka A, Sasia A, Kipyegon C, Kaimenyi P, Ngugi A. 2016. Quality evaluation of leathers produced by selected vegetable tanning materials from laikipia county, Kenya. IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science. 9(4), 13-17. doi: 10.9790/2380-0904011317
  • Elgailani IEH, Ishak CY. 2014. Determination of tannins of three common acacia species of sudan. Advances in Chemistry. Article ID 192708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/192708
  • Elgailani IEH, Ishak CY. 2016. Methods for extraction and characterization of tannins from some acacia species of Sudan. Pakistan Journal of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry. 17(1), 43-49. doi: 10.21743/pjaec/2016.06.007
  • Chai WM, Huang Q, Lin MZ, Ou-Yang C, Huang WY, Wang YX, Xu KL, Feng HL. 2018. Condensed tannins from longan bark as inhibitor of tyrosinase: structure, activity, and mechanism. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry. 66, 908−917. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05481
  • Shahid-ud-daula AFM, Basher MA. 2009. Phytochemical screening, plant growth inhibition, and antimicrobial activity studies of Xylocarpus granatum. Malaysian Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences. 7(1), 9–21.
  • Baba S, Chan HT, Kainuma M, Kezuka M, Chan EWC, Tangah J. 2016. Botany, uses, chemistry and bioactivities of mangrove plants-III: Xylocarpus granatum. ISME/GLOMIS Electronic Journal. 14(1), 1-4.
  • Pisitsak P, Hutakamol J, Jeenapak S, Wanmanee P, Nuammaiphum J, Thongcharoen R. 2016. Natural dyeing of cotton with Xylocarpus granatum bark extract: dyeing, fastness, and ultraviolet protection properties. Fibers and Polymers. 17(4), 560-568. doi:10.1007/s12221-016-5702-x
  • Covington T. 2009. Tanning Chemistry: The Science of Leather. UK: The Royal Society of Chemistry.
  • Brown BE. 1997. Integrated coastal management-South Asia. Department of International Development, University of Newcastle, UK.
  • Zafar TB, Khan GM. 2018. A geographical overview of sundarban: the largest mangrove forest of Bangladesh. International Journal of Geology, Agriculture and Environmental Sciences. 6, 9-10.
  • International Union of Leather Technologist and Chemist Societies. IUP-16. 2001. Measurements of shrinkage temperature up to 100°C. Society of Leather Technologist and Chemist.
  • ISO-2419. 2012. Leather-physical and mechanical tests. Sample preparation and conditioning.
  • International Union of Leather Technologist and Chemist Societies. IUP-06. 2001. Measurement of tensile strength and percentage of elongation. Society of Leather Technologist and Chemist.
  • International Union of Leather Technologist and Chemist Societies. IUP-08. 2001. Measurement of tearing strength. Society of Leather Technologist and Chemist.
  • ISO-3378/IUP-12. 2002. Leather-physical and mechanical tests. Determination of resistance to grain cracking and grain crack index.
  • Zengin AC, Crudu M, Maier S, Deselnicu V, Albu L, Gulumser G, Bitlisli BO, Basaran B, Mutlu MM. 2012. Eco-leather: chromium-free leather production using titanium, oligomeric melamine formaldehyde resin, and resorcinol tanning agents and the properties of the resulting leathers. Ekoloji. 21, 17-25. doi: 10.5053/ekoloji.2011.823
  • Yallappa S, Manjanna J, Sindhe MA, Satyanarayan ND, Pramod SN, Nagaraja K. 2013. Microwave assisted rapid synthesis and biological evaluation of stable copper nanoparticles using T. arjuna bark extract. SpectrochimicaActa Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy. 110, 108–115. doi:10.1016/j.saa.2013.03.005
  • Ricci A, Olejar KJ, Parpinello GP, Kilmartin PA, Versari A. 2015. Application of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in the characterization of tannins. Applied Spectroscopy Reviews. 50, 407-442. doi:10.1080/05704928.2014.1000461
  • Foo LY. 1981. Proanthocyanidins: gross chemical structures by infrared spectra. Phytochemistry. 20, 1397-1402. doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(81)80047-7
  • Silva PMS, Fiaschitello TR, Queiroz RS, Freeman HS, Costa SA, Leo P, Montemor AF, Costa SM. 2020. Natural dye from croton urucuranabaill bark: extraction, physicochemical characterization, textile dyeing and color fastness properties. Dyes and Pigments. 173, 1-14. doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2019.107953
  • Musa AE, Gasmelseed GA. 2013. Development of eco-friendly combination tanning system for the manufacture of upper leathers. International Journal of Advance Industrial Engineering. 1(1), 9-15.
  • Basaran B, Iscam M, Bitlisii B, Asian A. 2006. Heavy metal content of various finished leathers. Journal of Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists. 90, 229-234.
  • Lawal AS, Odums 2015. Tanning of different animal skin/hides and study of their properties for textile applications. British Journal of Applied Science and Technology. 6, 588-594. doi: 10.9734/BJAST/2015/12938
  • United Nations Industrial Development Organization. 1996. Acceptable quality standards in the leather and footwear industry. Vienna, Austria. United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO).
  • Kasmudjiastuti E, Pidhatika1 B, Griyanitasari1 G, Pahlawan IF. 2018, November. The effect of alum addition on shrinkage temperature, chemical properties, and morphology in the manufacture of vegetable-tanned leather. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 602(012044), Conference on Innovation in Technology and Engineering Science, Padang, Indonesia.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Wearable Materials
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Raju Kumar Das 0000-0002-3071-1925

Al Mızan This is me 0000-0001-8577-9356

Fatema -tuj- Zohra This is me 0000-0002-2298-9978

Bahri Başaran 0000-0002-0893-6300

Sobur Ahmed 0000-0001-9331-038X

Project Number Group: Physical Science, Reg. No: 317
Early Pub Date September 30, 2022
Publication Date September 30, 2022
Submission Date February 1, 2022
Acceptance Date July 7, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 32 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Das, R. K., Mızan, A., Zohra, F. .-t.-., Başaran, B., et al. (2022). Application of Indigenous Plant-Based Vegetable Tanning Agent Extracted from Xylocarpus granatum in Semi-Chrome and Chrome Retanned Leather Production. Textile and Apparel, 32(3), 258-264. https://doi.org/10.32710/tekstilvekonfeksiyon.1066811

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