Descendant of “The Great Family”: testing the hypothesis of the cartoonist P. E. Shcherbov’s belonging to the dynasty of Counts Tolstoys
Aleksandra G. Zhuravleva, Director of Museum, Postgraduate Student
Historical and Memorial Museum-estate of P. E. Shcherbov, Gatchina, Leningrad Region, Russia, Pushkin Leningrad State University, Pushkin, Saint Petersburg, Russia, A.Zhura.vleva@yandex.ru, https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3981-6509
Abstract
The artist Pavel Yegorovich Shcherbov kept the documents of the family of Count Bartholomew Vasilyevich Tolstoy, some of them were later transferred to the museum, and others got into the caches discovered in 2019 and 2022. A certain connection between the artist’s family and the family of Count V. V. Tolstoy was noted earlier, but has not been determined and studied. The research is aimed at building a scientific hypothesis about the relationship of the family of the artist P. E. Shcherbov with the family of Count Bartholomew Vasilyevich Tolstoy. The hypothesis is based on documentary sources of the XVIII—XIX centuries, found in the caches of the estate of P. E. Shcherbov, as well as documents included in the museum fund of the Russian Federation, archival and reference materials. The study revealed biographical information about Count V. V. Tolstoy, his parental family, his wife A. P. Tolstaya and his children Anna and Dmitry. It is also established that the artist’s father, Yegor Vasilyevich, was the illegitimate son of Count D. V. Tolstoy, who himself, in turn, was the illegitimate son of Count V. V. Tolstoy. Among other things, an assumption was made about the identity of Yegor Vasilyevich’s mother.
Keywords
P. E. Shcherbov, the Tolstoys, nobles, military, illegitimate children, genealogy, St. Petersburg, Moscow, Georgia.
For citation:
Zhuravleva A. G. Descendant of “The Great Family”: testing the hypothesis of the cartoonist P. E. Shcherbov’s belonging to the dynasty of Counts Tolstoys. Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal, 2023, no. 3 (47), pp. 155—172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2023.47.10.
1. Berezovskii B. L. Filarmonicheskoe obshchestvo Sankt-Peterburga: Istoriya i sovremennost’ [Philharmonic Society of St. Petersburg: History and Modernity]. St. Petersburg, Kul’tInformPress Publ., 2002. 454 p. (In Russian)
2. Biograficheskii slovar’. Vysshie chiny Rossiiskoi imperii (22.10.1721—2.03.1917): v 4 t. T. 4 [Biographical Dictionary. The highest ranks of the Russian Empire (October 22, 1721 — March 2, 1917). In 4 vols. Vol. 4]. Moscow, 2019. 658 p. (In Russian)
3. Bobrinskii A. A. Dvoryanskie rody, vnesennye v obshchii gerbovnik Vserossiiskoi imperii: v 2 ch. Ch. 1 [Noble families included in the general armorial of the All-Russia Empire. In 2 parts. Part 1]. St. Petersburg, Tip. M. M. Stasyulevicha Publ., 1890. 756 p. (In Russian)
4. Gosudarstvennoe byudzhetnoe uchrezhdenie goroda Moskvy “Tsentral’nyi gosudarstvennyi arkhiv goroda Moskvy” [State budgetary institution of the city of Moscow “Central state archive of the city of Moscow”]. F. 203. Op. 745. D. 145. (In Russian)
5. Gruzinskii A. E. (ed.) Utkinskii sbornik: Pis’ma V. A. Zhukovskogo, M. A. Moier i E. A. Protasovoi [Utkin correspondence collection. Letters of V. A. Zhukovsky, M. A. Moyer and E. A. Protasova]. Moscow, M. V. Beer, Pechatnya A. I. Snegirevoy Publ., 1904. 302 p. (In Russian)
6. De Pule M. F. Otets i syn. Opyt kul’turno-biograficheskoi khroniki [Father and son. Experience of cultural and biographical chronicle]. Russkii vestnik, 1875, no. 5, pp. 105—187. (In Russian)
7. Dolgorukov I. M. Kapishche moego serdtsa, ili Slovar’ vsekh tekh lits, s koimi ya byl v raznykh otnosheniyakh v techenie moei zhizni [The temple of my heart, or the Dictionary of all those persons with whom I have been in various relationships during my life]. Moscow, Univ. tip. Publ., 1890. 403 p. (In Russian)
8. Zhukovskii V. A. Polnoe sobranie sochinenii i pisem: v 20 t. T. 15 [Complete Works and Letters. In 20 vols. Vol. 15]. Moscow, Izdat. dom YaSK Publ., 2019. 1085 p. (In Russian)
9. Zhuravleva A. G. Puteshestviya P. E. Shcherbova na Vostok v 1891—1893 gg. po dokumentam tainika usad’by khudozhnika [P. E. Shcherbov’s travels to the east in 1891—1893 according to the documents of the artist’s estate cache]. Istoriya povsednevnosti, 2022, no. 3, pp. 124—141. (In Russian)
10. Zhuravleva A. G. Rodoslovnaya khudozhnika P. E. Shcherbova [Painter P. E. Shcherbov’s genealogy]. Manuskript, 2019, vol. 12, no. 11, pp. 38—45. (In Russian)
11. Istoriya roda Tolstykh — istoriya Rossii: katalog vystavki [The history of the Tolstoy family — the history of Russia. Exhibition catalog]. Tula, Yasnaya Polyana Publ., 2008. 515 p. (In Russian)
12. Kovalevskii M. A. Pyat’desyat let sushchestvovaniya leib-gvardii dragunskogo polka. 1814—1833: gvardeiskie konno-egerya. 1833—1864: gvardeiskie draguny [Fifty years of existence of the Life Guards Dragoon Regiment. 1814—1833: Guards horse rangers. 1833—1864: Dragoon Guards]. Novgorod, Tip. Sukhova Publ., 1870. 220 p. (In Russian)
13. Krylova A. A. Nezakonnorozhdennye deti dvoryan v Rossiiskoi imperii: prava i sotsial’nyi status [Illegitimate children of nobility in the Russian empire: rights and social status]. Vestnik Yuzhno-Ural’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ser. Sotsial’no-gumanitarnye nauki — Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Ser. Social Sciences and the Humanities, 2016, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 38—43. (In Russian)
14. Makhlayuk N. P. Boevaya letopis’ 14-go Grenaderskogo Gruzinskogo generala Kotlyarevskogo polka: Vtoroe stoletie 1800—1900 [Combat Chronicle of the 14th Georgian Grenadier General Kotlyarevsky Regiment: Second century 1800—1900]. Tiflis, Izd. 14-m Grenad. Gruzin. polkom pri sodeistvii Voen.-ist. otd. Sht. Kav. voen. okr. Publ., 1900. 412 p. (In Russian)
15. Mesyatsoslov s rospis’yu chinovnykh osob, ili Obshchii shtat Rossiiskoi imperii na leto 1821 ot Rozhdestva Khristova: v 2 ch. Ch. 1 [Monthly book with a list of officials, or the General State of the Russian Empire for the summer of 1821 from the Nativity of Christ. In 2 parts. Part 1]. St. Petersburg, Imperatorskaya Akademiya Nauk Publ., 1821. 1019 p. (In Russian)
16. Mesyatsoslov s rospis’yu chinovnykh osob, ili Obshchii shtat Rossiiskoi imperii na leto 1822 ot Rozhdestva Khristova: v 2 ch. Ch. 1 [Monthly book with a list of officials, or the General State of the Russian Empire for the summer of 1822 from the Nativity of Christ. In 2 parts. Part 1]. St. Petersburg, Imperatorskaya Akademiya Nauk Publ., 1822. 816 p. (In Russian)
17. Mesyatsoslov s rospis’yu chinovnykh osob, ili Obshchii shtat Rossiiskoi imperii na leto 1823 ot Rozhdestva Khristova: v 2 ch. Ch. 1 [Monthly book with a list of officials, or the General State of the Russian Empire for the summer of 1823 from the Nativity of Christ. In 2 parts. Part 1]. St. Petersburg, Imperatorskaya Akademiya Nauk Publ., 1823. 851 p. (In Russian)
18. Mesyatsoslov s rospis’yu chinovnykh osob, ili Obshchii shtat Rossiiskoi imperii na leto 1824 ot Rozhdestva Khristova: v 2 ch. Ch. 1 [Monthly book with a list of officials, or the General State of the Russian Empire for the summer of 1824 from the Nativity of Christ. In 2 parts. Part 1]. St. Petersburg, Imperatorskaya Akademiya Nauk Publ., 1824. 884 p. (In Russian)
19. Mesyatsoslov s rospis’yu chinovnykh osob, ili Obshchii shtat Rossiiskoi imperii na leto 1825 ot Rozhdestva Khristova: v 2 ch. Ch. 1 [Monthly book with a list of officials, or the General State of the Russian Empire for the summer of 1825 from the Nativity of Christ. In 2 parts. Part 1]. St. Petersburg, Imperatorskaya Akademiya Nauk Publ., 1825. 880 p. (In Russian)
20. Mesyatsoslov s rospis’yu chinovnykh osob, ili Obshchii shtat Rossiiskoi imperii na leto 1826 ot Rozhdestva Khristova: v 2 ch. Ch. 1 [Monthly book with a list of officials, or the General State of the Russian Empire for the summer of 1826 from the Nativity of Christ. In 2 parts. Part 1]. St. Petersburg, Imperatorskaya Akademiya Nauk Publ., 1826. 920 p. (In Russian)
21. Mesyatsoslov s rospis’yu chinovnykh osob, ili Obshchii shtat Rossiiskoi imperii na leto 1827 ot Rozhdestva Khristova: v 2 ch. Ch. 1 [Monthly book with a list of officials, or the General State of the Russian Empire for the summer of 1827 from the Nativity of Christ. In 2 parts. Part 1]. St. Petersburg, Imperatorskaya Akademiya Nauk Publ., 1827. 1026 p. (In Russian)
22. Pavlenko N. I. Ptentsy gnezda Petrova [Chicks of Petrov’s nest]. Moscow, Mysl’ Publ., 1994. 397 p. (In Russian)
23. Pochtovaya karta Rossiiskoi imperii, prinadlezhashchaya k dorozhniku 1842 goda: Chast’ I, soderzhashchaya vse vnutrennie gub. i obl., Velikoe Knyazhestvo Finlyandskoe i Tsarstvo Pol’skoe. Chast’ II, soderzhashchaya Sibirskie gubernii, Yakutskuyu obl. i Primorskie upravleniya [Postal map of the Russian Empire, belonging to the road builder of 1842: Part I, containing all the inner provinces and regions, the Grand Duchy of Finland and the Kingdom of Poland. Part II, containing the Siberian provinces, the Yakutsk region and Maritime Administrations]. St. Petersburg, Pochtovyi dep. Publ., 1842. 8 sh. (In Russian)
24. Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi istoricheskii arkhiv [Russian State Historical Archive] (RGIA). F. 1343. Op. 51. D. 463.
25. RGIA. F. 805. Op. 2. D. 32.
26. Rummel’ V. V., Golubtsov V. V. Rodoslovnyi sbornik russkikh dvoryanskikh familii: v 2 t. T. 2 [Genealogical collection of Russian noble families. In 2 vols. Vol. 2]. St. Petersburg, A. S. Suvorin Publ., 1887. 918 p. (In Russian)
27. Russkii biograficheskii slovar’: v 25 t. T. 2 [Russian Biographical Dictionary. In 25 vols. Vol. 2]. St. Petersburg, Imp. Rus. ist. o-vo Publ., 1900. 796 p. (In Russian)
28. Savelov L. M. Moskovskoe dvoryanstvo v 1812 godu [Moscow nobility in 1812]. Moscow, Izdanie Moskovskogo dvoryanstva Publ., 1912. 509 p. (In Russian)
29. Savinov A. N. Pavel Egorovich Shcherbov [Pavel Yegorovich Shcherbov]. Leningrad, Khudozhnik RSFSR Publ., 1969. 107 p. (In Russian)
30. Saitov V. I. Peterburgskii nekropol’: v 4 t. T. 4 [Petersburg Necropolis. In 4 vols. Vol. 4]. St. Petersburg, Tip. M. M. Stasyulevicha Publ., 1913. 748 p. (In Russian)
31. Skalon D. A. Stoletie voennogo ministerstva. 1802—1902: v 13 t. T. 3 [Centenary of the War Department. 1802—1902. In 13 vols. Vol. 3]. St. Petersburg, Tip. t-va M. O. Vol’f Publ., 1909. Otd. 5. 951 p. (In Russian)
32. Spisok pochtovo-telegrafnykh i pochtovykh uchrezhdenii Rossiiskoi imperii [List of postal-telegraph and postal institutions of the Russian Empire]. St. Petersburg, Tip. T-va “Obshchestvennaya pol’za” Publ., 1886. 793 p. (In Russian)
33. Tolstoi S. M. Drevo zhizni. Tolstoi i Tolstye [Tree of life. Tolstoy and the Tolstoys]. Moscow, Slovo Publ., 2002. 558 p. (In Russian)
34. Tynyanov Yu. N. Pushkin. Kyukhlya [Pushkin. Kyukhlya]. Public Domain, 2009. 523 p. Available at: https://www.litres.ru/book/uriy-tynyanov/pushkin-kuhlya-181798/. Accessed: 27.03.2023. (In Russian)
35. Ukazatel’ gubernskikh i uezdnykh pochtovykh dorog v Rossiiskoi imperii, sostavlennyi po noveishemu uchrezhdeniyu pochtovykh dorog i stantsii g. Savinkovym: s pril. dorozhnoi karty [Index of provincial and district postal roads in the Russian Empire, compiled according to the latest establishment of postal roads and stations by Mr. Savinkov: with app. roadmap]. St. Petersburg, Grav. i pech. u g-na izdatelya A. D. Savinkova Publ., 1836. 36 p. (In Russian)
36. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Attestat o sluzhbe D. V. Tolstogo ot 30.01.1831 [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. Service certificate of D. V. Tolstoy dated 01/30/1831]. MA GKM KP-13390 III-5452. (In Russian)
37. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Vypiska iz ukaza Ekateriny II ot 24.03.1766 ob otstavke grafa A. V. Tolstogo [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. Extract from the decree of Catherine II of March 24, 1766 on the resignation of Count A. V. Tolstoy]. MA GKM KP-13396 III-5458. (In Russian)
38. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Zapiska s raskhodami na pokhorony grafa D. V. Tolstogo [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. A note with expenses for the funeral of Count D. V. Tolstoy]. MA GKM KP-13392 III-5454. (In Russian)
39. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Konvert s pryad’yu volos Tolstogo D. V. [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. Envelope with a strand of D.V. Tolstoy’s hair]. GKM KP-10337 III-4069. (In Russian)
40. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Kopiya zaveshchaniya grafini Anny Stepanovny Protasovoi. Po zapisnoi knige № 24 [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. A copy of the will of Countess Anna Stepanovna Protasova. According to the notebook number 24]. GKM KP-13380 III-5444. (In Russian)
41. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Pis’mo V. V. Tolstomu ot syna Dmitriya ot 15.03.1822 [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. Letter to V. V. Tolstoy from his son Dmitry dated 03/15/1822]. GKM KP-10423 III-4107. (In Russian)
42. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Pis’mo D. V. Tolstomu ot Ya. Khilkova [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. Letter to D. V. Tolstoy from Y. Khilkov]. GKM KP-10335 III-4067. (In Russian)
43. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Pis’mo k grafu V. V. Tolstomu ot 22.01.1827 [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. Letter to Count V. V. Tolstoy dated 01/22/1827]. MA GKM KP-13393 III-5455. (In Russian)
44. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Pis’mo k grafu V. V. Tolstomu ot 23.02.1827 [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. Letter to Count V. V. Tolstoy dated 02/23/1827]. MA GKM KP-13394 III-5456. (In Russian)
45. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Pis’mo ot grafa V. V. Tolstogo Annichke [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. Letter from Count V. V. Tolstoy to Annichka]. GKM KP-103334 III-4066. (In Russian)
46. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Pis’mo Tolstogo V. V. Miten’ke [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. V. V. Tolstoy’s letter to Mitenka]. GKM KP-10332 III-4064. (In Russian)
47. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Pis’mo Tolstogo V. V. synu Dmitriyu [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. V. V. Tolstoy’s letter to son Dmitry]. KP-10422 III-4106. (In Russian)
48. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Portret grafini A. P. Tolstoi. Chistyakov P. P. [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. Portrait of Countess A. P. Tolstoy. Chistyakov P. P.]. GKM KP-9540 IV-113. (In Russian)
49. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Rukopis’ s razroznennoi informatsiei o chlenakh sem’i Egora Vasil’evicha Shcherbova [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. Manuscript with scattered information about members of the family of Yegor Vasilyevich Shcherbov]. KP-13381 III-5445. (In Russian)
50. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Svidetel’stvo № 5128 o vvedenii v dvoryanskoe dostoinstvo na imya Egora Vasil’evicha Shcherbova ot 05.08.1839 [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. Certificate No. 5128 on the introduction to the nobility in the name of Yegor Vasilyevich Shcherbov dated 08/05/1839]. GKM KP-13378 III-5445. (In Russian)
51. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Svidetel’stvo o sluzhbe D. V. Tolstogo ot 01.02.1831 [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. Service certificate of D. V. Tolstoy dated 02/01/1831]. MA GKM KP-13391 III-5453. (In Russian)
52. Fondovye predmety Gatchinskogo filiala GBUK LO “Muzeinoe agentstvo” Istoriko-memorial’nogo muzeya-usad’by P. E. Shcherbova. Formulyarnyi spisok grafa Dmitriya Varfolomeevicha Tolstogo [Stock items of the Gatchina branch of the Museum Agency of the Historical and Memorial Museum-Estate of P. E. Shcherbov. Official list of Count Dmitry Varfolomeevich Tolstoy]. MA GKM KP-13389 III-5451. (In Russian)
53. Fondovye predmety FGBUK “Gosudarstvennyi Ermitazh”. Portret grafini A. S. Protasovoi s plemyannitsami. A. Kaufman [Stock items of the State Hermitage Museum. Portrait of Countess A. S. Protasova with her nieces. A. Kaufman]. GE-5769. (In Russian)
54. Tsentral’nyi gosudarstvennyi istoricheskii arkhiv Sankt-Peterburga [Central State Historical Archive of St. Petersburg] (TsGIA SPb). F. 19. Op. 111. D. 210.
55. TsGIA SPb. F. 19. Op. 111. D. 221.
56. TsGIA SPb. F. 19. Op. 111. D. 248.
57. TsGIA SPb. F. 19. Op. 111. D. 249.
58. TsGIA SPb. F. 19. Op. 111. D. 296.
59. TsGIA SPb. F. 19. Op. 124. D. 782.
60. TsGIA SPb. F. 19. Op. 124. D. 800.
61. TsGIA SPb. F. 362. Op. 2. D. 1.
62. TsGIA SPb. F. 536. Op. 6. D. 1313.
63. TsGIA SPb. F. 536. Op. 6. D. 2970.
64. Entsiklopedicheskii slovar’: v 86 t. T. 32 [Encyclopedic Dictionary. In 86 vols. Vol. 32]. St. Petersburg, Tip. Akts. O-va “Izdatel’skoe Delo”, “Brokgauz — Efron” Publ., 1901. 960 p. (In Russian)
65. Tolstoy-Miloslavsky D. M. The Tolstoys genealogy and origin. Jávea (Alicante), A2Z, 1991. 273 p.