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Determination of SWRC for Unsaturated Sands, Comparative Study – Filter Paper Method Versus Hanging Column Technique

Year 2019, Issue: 16, 403 - 413, 31.08.2019
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.539620

Abstract

Soil water retention characteristic is the key soil property used
in many applications in the fields of irrigation, hydrology, geotechnical
engineering and soil science in general and there are different methods used to
obtain SWRC. Filter paper method and Hanging column test methods are two of
them. The use of filter paper method for sands is quite limited in the literature
in which only a number of studies have been conducted using this method. This
study, therefore, aims to use the filter paper method for measuring matric
suction for two different types of sands. Samples were prepared using the water
pluviation technique. The samples were left to dry out and then monitored by
weight to obtain different values of degree of saturation. This is to extend
suction measurement beyond the residual suction and to fully define the shape
of the soil water retention curve.  The
filter paper method then was validated with the hanging column technique, which
is a method of controlling and applying suction. The obtained results are presented in order to
highlight the differences / similarities between the methods and the advantages
/ disadvantages of each one.
Although the FP is an indirect method of
measuring suction in unsaturated soils, it has not been utilized broadly for
fine-grained unsaturated sands. The use of the filter paper method for
unsaturated fine sands is quite limited in the literature in which only a
number of studies can be found
using the filter paper method for unsaturated sands. Therefore, this paper provides an
insight on the use of filter method for unsaturated fine sands. Testing two
sand soil with different particle size distribution showed that Soil 1 is
better than Soil 2 to be used for FP method. And this result is a good show for
the range of utilization of FP method in fine sand soil.  

References

  • G. Quagliga et al., “New device for experimental determination of the soil-water retention surface,” Proceedings of the XV Pan-American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 15-18 November, pp. 2012-2219.
  • D. G. Fredlund and H. Rahardjo, “Soil mechanics for unsaturated soils,” John Wiley & Sons., 1993.
  • S. L. Houston, W. N. Houston and A. M. Wagner, “Laboratory Filter Paper Measurements,” Geotechnical Testing Journal, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 185-194., 1994.
  • Whatman, https://static.fishersci.eu/content/dam/fishersci/en_EU/promotions/GE_whatmam_filtration_offers/Brochures/Fisher%20Q4%20Promo%20Brochure_SEK_PRINT.pdf
  • R. J.Chandler, M. S. Crilley and G. Montgomery- Smith, “A low-cost method of assessing clay desiccation for lowrise buildings,” Proc. Instn. Civ. Engrs Civ. Engng., pp. 82-89, 1992.
  • ASTM D5298-03, (2007) Standard Test Method for Measurement of Soil Potential (Suction) Using Filter Paper, American Society of Testing and Materials. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol.4, No.8
  • F. A. M. Marinho and O. M. Oliveira, “The filter paper method revised,” ASTM Geotechnical Testing Journal, USA, 29 (3), pp. 250-258, 2006.
  • G. E. Swarbrick, “Measurement of Soil Suction Using the Filter Paper Method,” Unsaturated Soils: Proceedings, 1st International Conference on Unsaturated Soils, A. A. Balkems, Rotterdam, Netherlands, pp. 653-658,1995.
  • S. K. Vanopalli, M. N. Nicotera and R. S. Sharma, “Axis Translation and Negative Water Column Techniques for Suction Control,” Geotech Geol Eng, pp. 645–660, DOI 10.1007/s10706-008-9206-3, 2008.
  • A.M. Tang and Y.J. Cui, “Controlling suction by the vapor equilibrium technique at different temperatures and its application in determining the water retention properties of MX80 clay,” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol.42, pp. 287-296, 2005.
  • G. Yan et al., “The measurement of primary drainage curve using hanging column and large soil column test”, Geo Ottawa, 70th Canadian Geotechnical Conference, 2017
  • X. Wang and C.H. Benson, “Leak-Free Pressure Plate Extractor For Measuring the Soil Water Characteristic Curve”, Geotechnical Testing Journal, March 2004, DOI: 10.1520/GTJ11392
  • Seki, K. (2007) SWRC fit - a nonlinear fitting program with a water retention curve for soils having unimodal and bimodal pore structure. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., 4: 407-437. DOI:10.5194/hessd-4-407-2007
  • Bilsel, H.,Uygar, E., Aydin, E. (2000). Characterization of the soil water characteristic curves of selected soils from North Cyprus and determination of their unsaturated permeability functions, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference, Advances in Civil Engineering, Gazimagusa, 2-4 November, North Cyprus.

Doymamış Kumlarda Toprağın Suyu Tutma Eğrisi Tayini, Karşılaştırmalı Çalışma - Asılı Kolon Tekniğine Karşı Filtre Yöntemi

Year 2019, Issue: 16, 403 - 413, 31.08.2019
https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.539620

Abstract

Toprağın su tutma
özelliği, genel olarak sulama, hidroloji, jeoteknik mühendisliği ve toprak
bilimi alanlarında birçok uygulamada kullanılan temel toprak özelliğidir ve literatürde
toprağın suyu tutma eğrisini elde etmek için kullanılan farklı yöntemler bulunmaktadır.
Filtre kağıdı yöntemi ve Asılı sütun test yöntemleri bunlardan ikisidir. Filtre
kağıdı yönteminin kum zeminler için kullanımı literatürde oldukça sınırlıdır. Her ne
kadar filtre kağıdı yöntemi, doymamış topraklarda emme ölçmenin dolaylı bir
yöntemi olsa da, ince daneli doymamış kumlar için geniş çapta kullanılmamıştır.
Bu nedenle, bu çalışma doymamış ince kumlar için filtre yönteminin kullanımı
hakkında bilgi edinilmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada, iki
farklı granülometriye sahip kum tipi zeminde matris emişini ölçmek için filtre
kağıdı yöntemi kullanılarak bu yöntemin etkinliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlamaktadır.
Numuneler su pluviasyonu tekniği kullanılarak hazırlanmıştır ve farklı doyma derecesi
değerleri elde edilmiştir. Bu, emme ölçümünü ve toprak su tutma eğrisinin
şeklini tam olarak tanımlamak için yapılmıştır. Filtre kağıdı yönteminden elde
edilen sonuçlar daha sonra asılı kolon tekniği sonuçları ile karşılaştırılmış
ve doğrulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, iki yöntem arasındaki
benzerlikleri/farklılıkları belirlemek ve avantajlı/dezavantajlı durumları
değerlendirmek amacıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar, Zemin-1'in Zemin 2’ye
göre filtre kağıdı yöntemi için daha uygun bir zemin olduğunu göstermiştir. Ve
bu sonuç, ince kum zeminde filtre kağıdı yönteminin kullanılabileceğinin bir
göstergesidir.

References

  • G. Quagliga et al., “New device for experimental determination of the soil-water retention surface,” Proceedings of the XV Pan-American Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 15-18 November, pp. 2012-2219.
  • D. G. Fredlund and H. Rahardjo, “Soil mechanics for unsaturated soils,” John Wiley & Sons., 1993.
  • S. L. Houston, W. N. Houston and A. M. Wagner, “Laboratory Filter Paper Measurements,” Geotechnical Testing Journal, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 185-194., 1994.
  • Whatman, https://static.fishersci.eu/content/dam/fishersci/en_EU/promotions/GE_whatmam_filtration_offers/Brochures/Fisher%20Q4%20Promo%20Brochure_SEK_PRINT.pdf
  • R. J.Chandler, M. S. Crilley and G. Montgomery- Smith, “A low-cost method of assessing clay desiccation for lowrise buildings,” Proc. Instn. Civ. Engrs Civ. Engng., pp. 82-89, 1992.
  • ASTM D5298-03, (2007) Standard Test Method for Measurement of Soil Potential (Suction) Using Filter Paper, American Society of Testing and Materials. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol.4, No.8
  • F. A. M. Marinho and O. M. Oliveira, “The filter paper method revised,” ASTM Geotechnical Testing Journal, USA, 29 (3), pp. 250-258, 2006.
  • G. E. Swarbrick, “Measurement of Soil Suction Using the Filter Paper Method,” Unsaturated Soils: Proceedings, 1st International Conference on Unsaturated Soils, A. A. Balkems, Rotterdam, Netherlands, pp. 653-658,1995.
  • S. K. Vanopalli, M. N. Nicotera and R. S. Sharma, “Axis Translation and Negative Water Column Techniques for Suction Control,” Geotech Geol Eng, pp. 645–660, DOI 10.1007/s10706-008-9206-3, 2008.
  • A.M. Tang and Y.J. Cui, “Controlling suction by the vapor equilibrium technique at different temperatures and its application in determining the water retention properties of MX80 clay,” Canadian Geotechnical Journal, vol.42, pp. 287-296, 2005.
  • G. Yan et al., “The measurement of primary drainage curve using hanging column and large soil column test”, Geo Ottawa, 70th Canadian Geotechnical Conference, 2017
  • X. Wang and C.H. Benson, “Leak-Free Pressure Plate Extractor For Measuring the Soil Water Characteristic Curve”, Geotechnical Testing Journal, March 2004, DOI: 10.1520/GTJ11392
  • Seki, K. (2007) SWRC fit - a nonlinear fitting program with a water retention curve for soils having unimodal and bimodal pore structure. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., 4: 407-437. DOI:10.5194/hessd-4-407-2007
  • Bilsel, H.,Uygar, E., Aydin, E. (2000). Characterization of the soil water characteristic curves of selected soils from North Cyprus and determination of their unsaturated permeability functions, Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference, Advances in Civil Engineering, Gazimagusa, 2-4 November, North Cyprus.
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ayşe Pekrioğlu Balkıs 0000-0001-7400-7211

Bestun Shwan This is me

Svala Surchi This is me

Publication Date August 31, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Issue: 16

Cite

APA Pekrioğlu Balkıs, A., Shwan, B., & Surchi, S. (2019). Determination of SWRC for Unsaturated Sands, Comparative Study – Filter Paper Method Versus Hanging Column Technique. Avrupa Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi(16), 403-413. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.539620