Sources of Trans and Saturated Fatty Acids: In the Diets of Vancouver Children

Publication: Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
18 February 2013

Abstract

Purpose: Amounts and sources of trans fatty acids (TFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) were examined in the diets of children aged five to six years after changes in TFA in Canadian foods.
Methods: Dietary intake was assessed for 100 Vancouver children, using three 24-hour recalls during parental interviews. Trans fatty acid and SFA intakes and food sources were determined for each child.
Results: The TFA intake was 0.71 ± 0.31% of energy, and 12% of children consumed over 1% of energy from TFA. Saturated fatty acids intakes were 12.5 ± 3.39% of energy, and 81% of the children consumed more than 10% of energy from SFA. Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acid intakes were 12.0 ± 3.0% and 5.79 ± 2.16% of energy, respectively. Major sources of TFA were dairy products, fast foods, and bakery products. Major sources of SFA were dairy products, processed foods, fast food, and bakery products.
Conclusions: The TFA intakes of children aged five to six years have decreased since 2004 to a 95th percentile intake of 1.28% of energy, but more than 80% of children consume over 10% of energy from SFA. Removing TFA from snacks and bakery products would decrease the highest TFA intakes to 1% of energy. This study suggests that increased efforts by industry or educational guidance for parents is required to enable selection of foods lower in TFA, and that greater emphasis is needed on SFA.

Résumé

Objectif: À la suite de modifications de la teneur en acides gras trans (AGT) dans les aliments canadiens, les quantités et sources de ces AGT et des acides gras saturés (AGS) ont été examinées dans l’alimentation d’enfants âgés de cinq à six ans.
Méthodes: L’apport alimentaire a été évalué chez 100 enfants de Vancouver à l’aide de trois rappels alimentaires de 24 heures effectués lors d’entrevues avec leurs parents. Les apports en AGT et en AGS ainsi que les sources alimentaires ont été déterminés pour chaque enfant.
Résultats: L’apport en AGT était globalement de 0,71% ± 0,31% de l’apport énergétique total, et de plus de 1% chez 12% des enfants. L’apport en AGS correspondait à 12,5% ± 3,39% de l’apport énergétique et à plus de 10% chez 81% des enfants. Les apports énergétiques provenant des acides gras monoinsaturés et polyinsaturés étaient respectivement de 12,0% ± 3,0% et de 5,79% ± 2,16%. Les principales sources d’AGT étaient les produits laitiers, les aliments prêts à manger et les produits de boulangerie. Les principales sources d’AGS étaient les produits laitiers, les aliments transformés, les aliments prêts à manger et les produits de boulangerie.
Conclusions: Depuis 2004, l’apport en AGT a diminué chez les enfants âgés de cinq à six ans, se situant à 1,28% de l’énergie consommée au 95e percentile. Toutefois, plus de 80% des enfants tirent plus de 10% de leur apport énergétique total des AGS. Supprimer les AGT des collations et des produits de boulangerie ferait baisser les apports les plus élevés en AGT à 1% de l’apport énergétique total. Cette étude suggère d’une part que l’industrie devrait entreprendre des efforts plus importants et que les parents devraient être mieux informés afin de privilégier des aliments moins riches en AGT, et d’autre part qu’il faut accorder plus d’importance aux AGS.

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Published In

cover image Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research
Volume 74Number 1March 2013
Pages: 7 - 13

History

Version of record online: 18 February 2013

Authors

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Kelly A. Mulder, BSc
Department of Paediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolism Program, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
Alexa R. Ferdinands, BSc
Department of Paediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolism Program, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
Kelly J. Richardson, MEd
Department of Paediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolism Program, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC
Sheila M. Innis, PhD, RD
Department of Paediatrics, Nutrition and Metabolism Program, Child & Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC

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