KAJIAN AWAL MUSIM HUJAN DAN AWAL MUSIM KEMARAU DI INDONESIA

Authors

  • Giarno Giarno Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG)
  • Zadrach Ledoufij Dupe Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)
  • Musa Ali Mustofa Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31172/jmg.v13i1.113

Keywords:

awal musim hujan, awal musim kemarau, musim, monsun

Abstract

Kriteria Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) dalam menentukan awal musim hujan dan awal musim kemarau memerlukan waktu sebulan untuk memastikan masuknya musim hujan dan musim kemarau. Kadang didapatkan tahun tanpa awal musim hujan atau mundur hingga tahun berikutnya. Misalnya, tahun 2003, akumulasi hujan bulan Desember di Kupang 722 mm namun  bulan  tersebut  bukan  awal  musim  hujan.  Kriteria  ini  diperbaiki  dengan menggabungkan kesimpulan penelitian peneliti terdahulu yang menyimpulkan adanya hubungan kuat hujan 50 mm/dasarian dan angin baratan, dengan batas  evapotranspirasi potensial. Dengan menggunakan modifikasi hydrological onset and withdrawal index (HOWI) menunjukkan perambatan awal musim hujan dimulai dari utara menuju ke selatan dan secara zonal dari barat ke timur. Sedangkan awal musim kemaraunya dimulai dari selatan menuju utara dan secara zonal dari timur ke barat. Perbaikan metode untuk mempercepat penentuan awal musim hujan/kemarau dilakukan dengan menggabungkan data observasi hujan dan HOWI. Hasil uji di Makassar dan Kupang menunjukkan metode ini 18-20 hari lebih cepat untuk mendapatkan kepastian awal musim hujan/kemarau.

 

Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) criteria of onset and withdrawal need a month to ensure rainy season and dry season. Sometimes obtained year without onset or retreat to next year. Example, in 2003, rain accumulation in Kupang at Desember was 722 mm but this month was not onset. This criteria improved by combining the conclusions of previous researchers that conclude, there was a close relationship between rainfall accumulation 50 mm/decad and westerlies, with limit of potential evapotranspiration. Modified by hydrological onset and withdrawal index (HOWI) showed that onset propagated from north to south and from west to east. While the early of dry season propagated from south to north and from east to west. Improved method to accelerate certainty onset/withdrawal by combining rain observation data and HOWI. The results in Makassar and Kupang showed 18-20 days earlier to get the certainty of onset/withdrawal.

 

Downloads

Published

2012-04-15

How to Cite

Giarno, G., Dupe, Z. L., & Mustofa, M. A. (2012). KAJIAN AWAL MUSIM HUJAN DAN AWAL MUSIM KEMARAU DI INDONESIA. Jurnal Meteorologi Dan Geofisika, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.31172/jmg.v13i1.113

Issue

Vol. 13 No. 1 (2012)

Section

Article

License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.