Research Article
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Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 353 - 367, 02.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.484067

Abstract

References

  • Akkaya, M.A, Gazioğlu, C., Yücel, Z.Y. & Burak, S. (1998). Kıyı Alanlarının Rasyonel Kullanımı ve Yönetiminde Kamu Yararı İlkesi. (The Public Benefit Principle in the Rational Use and Management of Coastal Areas ) Türkiye’nin Kıyı ve Deniz Alanları II. Ulusal Konferansı, Türkiye Kıyıları 98 Konferansı Bildiriler Kitabı :39-47.
  • Barbier, E.B., Koch, E.W., Silliman, B.R., Hacker, SD., Wolanski, E., Primavera, J., Granek, EF., Polasky, S., Aswani, S., Cramer, LA., Stoms, DM., Kennedy, CJ., Bael, D., Kappel, CV., Perillo, GME., & Reed, DJ. (2008). Coastal ecosystem-based man-agement with nonlinear ecological functions and values. Science 319 (5861), 321–323.
  • Bayram B., Avşar E. Ö., Şeker D. Z., Kayi A., Erdoğan M., Eker O., Janpaule I., & Çatal R. H. (2017). The Role Of National And International Geospatial Data Sources In Coastal Zone Management. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 26(1), 383-391.
  • Batista, M.I., Henriques, S., Pais, MP. & Cabral, HN. (2014). Assessment of cumulative human pressures on a coastal area: integrating information for MPA planning and management. Ocean Coast. Managent. 102, 248–257.
  • Borja, A., Franco, J. & Pérez, V. (2000). A marine biotic index to establish the ecological quality of soft-bottom benthos within European estuarine and coastal environments. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 40 (12), 1100–1114.
  • Brennan, R. (2007). The North Norfolk Coastline: A Complex Legacy. Coastal Management. 35, 587-599.
  • Burak, S. Doğan, E. and Gazioğlu, C. (2004). Impact of urbanization and tourism on coastal environment. Ocean and Coastal Management , 47(9), 515-527.
  • Carter, RWG. (1988). Coastal Environments: An Introduction to the Physical, Ecological and Cultural Systems of Coastlines, 617p.
  • Crowder, L. & Norse, E. (2008). Essential ecological insights for marine ecosystem-based management and marine spatial planning. Mar. Policy 32 (5), 772–778.
  • Daigle, RM., Archambault, P., Halpern, BS,. Steward Lowndes, JS. & Cote, IM. (2016). Incorporating public priorities in the Ocean Healt Index: Canda as a case study, PLoS ONE, 12(5), a0178044.
  • Douvere, F. (2008). The importance of marine spatial planning in advancing ecosystem-based sea use management. Mar. Policy 32 (5), 762–771.
  • Elfes, CT., Longo, C.,. Halpern, BS., Hardy, D., Scarborough, C., Best, BD., Pinheiro, T., Dutra, GF. (2014). A Regional-Scale Ocean Health Index for Brazil PLoS ONE, Vol. 9(4), 1-11.
  • Fang, Q.H., Zhang, R., Zhang, L.P. & Hong, H.S. (2011). Marine functional zoning in China: experience and prospects. Coast. Managent 39 (6), 656–667.
  • Filgueira, R., Guyondet, T., Comeau, L.A. & Grant, J. (2014). Physiological indices as indicators of ecosystem status in shellfish aquaculture sites. Ecol. Indic. 39, 134–143.
  • Gazioğlu C., Burak,S., Alpar, B., Türker, A. & Barut, IF. (2010) Foreseeable impacts of sea level rise on the southern coast of the Marmara Sea (Turkey), Water Policy Vol 12(6), 932-943.
  • Gazioğlu C., Uzun, Y., Akkaya, MA. & Kaya, H. (2013). Kıyı Alanlarının Planlanması ve Kullanımı (Coastal Zone Planning and Use), 304p. (in Tuskish).
  • Gazioğlu, C & Okutan, V . (2016). Underwater Noise Pollution at the Strait of Istanbul (Bosphorus). International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics (IJEGEO), 3 (3), 26-39.
  • Gazioğlu, C (2017). Assessment of Tsunami-related Geohazard Assessment for Hersek Peninsula and Gulf of İzmit Coasts. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics (IJEGEO), 4 (2), 63-78.
  • Gazioğlu, C , Müftüoğlu, A , Demir, V , Aksu, A . & Okutan, V. (2015). Connection between Ocean Acidification and Sound Propagation. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics (IJEGEO), 2 (2), 16-26.
  • Gazioğlu, C., Akkaya, M.A., Baltaoğlu, S. & Burrak, S.Z. (2016). ICZM and the Sea of Marmara: The İstanbul Case. The Sea of Marmara: Marine Biodivesity, Fisheries, Conservations and Governanace (Editors: Özsoy, E., Çağatay, M.N., Balkıs, N., Balkıs Çağlar, N., Öztürk, B.), 935-957.
  • Halpern, B.S., Frazier, M., Potapenko, J., Casey. KS., Koenig, K., Longo, C., Lowndes, JS., Rockwood, RC., Selig, ER., Selkoe, KA. & Walbridge, S. (2015). Spatial and temporal changes incumulative human impacts on the world’s ocean. Nature Communications 6: 1–7.
  • Halpern, B.S., Longo, C., Hardy, D., McLeod KL, Samhouri JF, Katona SK, Kleisner K, Lester SE, O'Leary J, Ranelletti M, Rosenberg AA, Scarborough C, Selig ER, Best BD, Brumbaugh DR, Chapin FS, Crowder LB, Daly KL, Doney S.C., Elfes C., Fogarty M.J., Gaines S.D., Jacobsen K.I., Karrer L.B., Leslie
  • H.M., Neeley E., Pauly D., Polasky S., Ris B., St Martin K., Stone G.S., Sumaila U.R. & Zeller D. (2012). An index to assess the health andbenefits of the global ocean. Nature 488 (7413): 615–620.
  • Halpern, B.S., Longo, C., Scarborough, C., Hardy, D., Best, BD., Coney, SC., Katonai SK., McLeod, KL., Rosenberg, AA. & Samhouri, JF. (2014). Assessing the health of the USwest coast with a regional-scale application of the Ocean Health Index. PLOSONE 9 (4), 1–11
  • Halpern, B.S., Walbridge, S., Selkoe, K.A., Kappel CV., Micheli F., D'Agrosa C., Bruno JF., Casey KS., Ebert C., Fox HE., Fujita R., Heinemann D., Lenihan HS., Madin EM., Perry MT., Selig ER., Spalding M., Steneck R. & Watson R. 2008. A global map of human impaction marine ecosystems. Science 319 (5865), 948–952
  • HAWAI’I OHI. (2018). Techical Report, Conservation Internationally, 41p.
  • Lam, WH., & Roy, CB. (2014). Insights into the ocean health index for marine renewable energy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 33, 26–33.
  • Long, RD., Charles, A. & Stephenson, RL. (2015). Key principles of marine ecosystem based management. Mar. Policy 57, 53–60.
  • Longo CS, Frazier M, Doney SC, Rheuban JE, Humberstone JM & Halpern BS (2017). Using the Ocean Health Index to Identify Opportunities and Challenges to Improving Southern Ocean Ecosystem Health. Front. Mar. Sci. 4:20.
  • Lotze, H.K., Lenihan, H.S., Bourque, B.J., Bradbury, RH., Cooke, RC, Kay, MC., Kidwell, SM., Kirby, MX., Peterson, CH., & Jackson, JBC. (2006). Depletion, degradation, and recovery potential of estuaries and coastal seas. Science 312 (5781), 1806–1809.
  • Ma, D.Q., Fang, Q.H. & Guan, S. (2016a). Applying the Ocean Health Index framework to the city level: A case study of Xiamen, China. Ecological Indicators 66, 281–290
  • Ma, D.Q., Fang, Q.H. & Guan, S. (2016b). Current legal regime for environmental impact assessment in areas beyond national jurisdiction and its future approaches. Environ. Impact Assess. Rev. 56, 23–30.
  • McLeod, K. L., & Leslie, H. M. (2009). Ecosystem-based management for the oceans. Washington, DC: Island Press.
  • MES (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment) (2005) Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Synthesis Report. Island Press, Washington, DC.
  • Musaoğlu, N., Tanık, A., Dikerler, T. & Buhur, S. (2015). Use of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems in the Determination of High –Risk Areas Regarding Marine Traffic in the Istanbul Strait. Environmental Hazards. 14(1), 54- 73.
  • Olsen, SB. (2003). Frameworks and indicators for assessing progress in integrated coastal management initiatives. Ocean Coast. Manage. 46 (3), 347–361.
  • Potts, T. (2006). A framework for the analysis of sustainability indicator systems in fisheries. Ocean Coast. Manage. 49 (5–6), 259–280.
  • Rapport DJ, Böhm G, Buckingham D, Cairns J Jr., Costanza R, Karr, JR., Kruijf, HAM de., Levins, R., McMichael, AJ., Nieölsen, NO. & Whitford, WG. (1999) Ecosystem health: the concept, the ISEH, and the important tasks ahead. Ecosystem Health 5, 82–90.
  • Rapport, D. J., Costanza, R., & McMichael, AJ. (1998). Assessing ecosystem health. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 13, 397–402.
  • Rombouts, I., Beaugrand, G., Fizzala, X., Gaill, F., Greenstreet, SPR,., Lamare, S., Loćh, le F., McQuatters-Gollop, A., mialet, B., Niquil, N., Percelay, J.,
  • Renaud, F., Rossberg, AG. & Féral, JP. (2013a). Food web indicators under the marine strategy framework directive: from complexity to simplicity? Ecol. Indic. 29, 246–254.
  • Rombouts, I., Beaugrand, G., Artigas, LF., Dauvin, JC., Gevaert, F., Goberville, E., Kopp, D., Lefebvre, S., Luczak, C., Spilmont, N., Travers-Trolet, M., Villanueva, MC. & Kirby, RR. (2013b). Evaluating marine ecosys-tem health: case studies of indicators using direct observations and modelling methods. Ecol. Indic. 24, 353–365.
  • Samhouri, J. F., Lester, S. E., Selig, E. R., Halpern, B. S., Fogarty, M. J., Longo, C. & McLeod, KL. (2012). Sea sick? Setting targets to assess ocean health and ecosystem services. Ecosphere, 3, 41.
  • Samhouri, J. F., Levin, P. S., James, C. A., Kershner, J., & Williams, G. (2011). Using existing scientific capacity to set targets for ecosystem-based management: A puget sound case study. Marine Policy, 35, 508–518.
  • Selig, ER., Frazier, M., O'Leary, JK., Jupiter, SD., Halpern, BS., Longo, C., Kleisner, KL., Sivo, L., Ranelletti, M (2015). Measuring indicators of ocean health for an island nation: The ocean health index for Fiji, Ecosystem Services, Vol.16, 403-412.
  • Shipman, B. & Stojanovic, T. (2007). Facts, Fictions, and Failures of Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Europe. Coastal Management. 35(2-3), 375-398.
  • Simav Ö, Zafer Şeker D.Z. & Gazioğlu C (2013a) Coastal inundation due to sea level rise and extreme sea state and its potential impacts: Çukurova Delta case. Turkish J Earth sci 22, 671–680.
  • Simav Ö, Zafer Şeker D.Z. Tanık, A. & Gazioğlu C (2013b). Kıyı Etkilenebilirlik Göstergesi İle Türkiye Kıyıları Risk Alanlarının Tespiti (Coastal Vulnerability Index with Turkey Coast Identification of Risk Areas), TMMOB Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Kongresi, Ankara, 11-19.
  • Stuart, D. (2010). Coastal Ecosystems and Agricultural Land-use: New Challenges on California’s Central Coast. Coastal Management. 38, 42-64.
  • Şeker D.Z., Tanık, A., Citil, E., Ozturk, I., Ovez, S. & Baycan, T. (2016). Importance and Vulnerability Analyses for Functional Zoning in a Coastal District of Turkey. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics (IJEGEO). Vol 3 (3), 76-91.
  • Terzi, H. & Gazioğlu, C. (2016). New Era In Maritime Safety: Safety Culture, 13th International IALA VTS Symposium, International framework for VTS and national regulatory provisions.
  • Ülker, D., Ergüven, O. & Gazioğlu, C. (2018). Socio-economic impacts in a Changing Climate: Case Study Syria, International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics (IJEGEO), Vol. 5(1), 84-93.
  • United Nations General Assembly, 2015. Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development A/RES/70/1.
  • URL1.http://www.oceanhealthindex.org/region-scores/annual-scores-and-rankings (05 Nov 2018).
  • URL 2. http://www.oceanhealthindex.org (14 Nov 2018).
  • Vivero, J.L.S. & Mateos, J.C.R. (2005). Coastal Crisis: The Failure of Coastal Management in the Spanish Mediterranean Region. Coastal Management. 33, 197-214.
  • Xu, X., Peng, H., Xu, Q., Xiao, H. & Benoit, G. (2009). Land Changes and Conflicts Coordination in Coastal Urbanization: A Case Study of the Shandong Peninsula in China. Coastal Management. 37, 54-69.

Biodiversity, Coastal Protection, Promotion and Applicability Investigation of the Ocean Health Index for Turkish Seas

Year 2018, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 353 - 367, 02.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.484067

Abstract

We
are witnessing a process that involves environmental problems at the global
scale, primarily climate change, which will require all people to be concerned
about the health of the oceans. The health of the marine environment and
ecology is deteriorating. Declining biodiversity and changing chemical
transformations due to this deterioration reduce the capacity of natural
processes to reproduce healthy marine environments. Scientists who work on a
global scale believe that the processes of change have reached the level we
cannot expect to take action and believe that we must prioritize our action to
reverse the trend. For this purpose, it is necessary to develop a
multi-dimensional scale that can measure not only the science parameters but
also socio-economic scaling for measuring the health of the seas-oceans. There
are sources describing an acceptable definition of a healthy ocean as the
continuation of benefits for humanity (Rapport, et al., 1998; Samhouri, et al.,
2011). Multidimensional management and conservation of marine resources can be
explained by a derivative of human activities and needs deep analysis (Halpern,
et al., 2008). Numerous efforts to quantify natural resources in a comparative
form have been the subject of research for many years. Numerous quantities
expressed together with graphical visualization, as well as having different
approaches to what it means to be in the digital form, are more than an ideal,
but a challenge. To better understand and monitor ecosystem conditions; there
is a need for a standardized and scalable index that is understandable and
usable. In addition, the developments of international organizations and
cooperation for the purpose of protecting the coasts and the increase of their
activities have revealed the need for a common indexation in determining the
status of the coasts and seas. The primary objective of the index in question
is to ensure the continuation of the benefits that are used more than the
rating of the severity of the deterioration. The Ocean Health Index (OHI) is a
good reference to quantitatively assess the status of the marine environment
from the perspective of coupled human-ocean systems (Elfes et al., 2014; Lam &
Roy, 2014; Halpern et al., 2014; Daigle et al., 2016; Longo et al., 2017). The
OHI is a novel indicator approach to assess the health of the oceans through
tracking the current and likely future status of ten widely-held public goals
(Halpern et al., 2012). In this study, biodiversity, development of coastal
protection indices is explained. The introduction of the ocean health index in
the Turkish seas and its applicability is being investigated.

References

  • Akkaya, M.A, Gazioğlu, C., Yücel, Z.Y. & Burak, S. (1998). Kıyı Alanlarının Rasyonel Kullanımı ve Yönetiminde Kamu Yararı İlkesi. (The Public Benefit Principle in the Rational Use and Management of Coastal Areas ) Türkiye’nin Kıyı ve Deniz Alanları II. Ulusal Konferansı, Türkiye Kıyıları 98 Konferansı Bildiriler Kitabı :39-47.
  • Barbier, E.B., Koch, E.W., Silliman, B.R., Hacker, SD., Wolanski, E., Primavera, J., Granek, EF., Polasky, S., Aswani, S., Cramer, LA., Stoms, DM., Kennedy, CJ., Bael, D., Kappel, CV., Perillo, GME., & Reed, DJ. (2008). Coastal ecosystem-based man-agement with nonlinear ecological functions and values. Science 319 (5861), 321–323.
  • Bayram B., Avşar E. Ö., Şeker D. Z., Kayi A., Erdoğan M., Eker O., Janpaule I., & Çatal R. H. (2017). The Role Of National And International Geospatial Data Sources In Coastal Zone Management. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 26(1), 383-391.
  • Batista, M.I., Henriques, S., Pais, MP. & Cabral, HN. (2014). Assessment of cumulative human pressures on a coastal area: integrating information for MPA planning and management. Ocean Coast. Managent. 102, 248–257.
  • Borja, A., Franco, J. & Pérez, V. (2000). A marine biotic index to establish the ecological quality of soft-bottom benthos within European estuarine and coastal environments. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 40 (12), 1100–1114.
  • Brennan, R. (2007). The North Norfolk Coastline: A Complex Legacy. Coastal Management. 35, 587-599.
  • Burak, S. Doğan, E. and Gazioğlu, C. (2004). Impact of urbanization and tourism on coastal environment. Ocean and Coastal Management , 47(9), 515-527.
  • Carter, RWG. (1988). Coastal Environments: An Introduction to the Physical, Ecological and Cultural Systems of Coastlines, 617p.
  • Crowder, L. & Norse, E. (2008). Essential ecological insights for marine ecosystem-based management and marine spatial planning. Mar. Policy 32 (5), 772–778.
  • Daigle, RM., Archambault, P., Halpern, BS,. Steward Lowndes, JS. & Cote, IM. (2016). Incorporating public priorities in the Ocean Healt Index: Canda as a case study, PLoS ONE, 12(5), a0178044.
  • Douvere, F. (2008). The importance of marine spatial planning in advancing ecosystem-based sea use management. Mar. Policy 32 (5), 762–771.
  • Elfes, CT., Longo, C.,. Halpern, BS., Hardy, D., Scarborough, C., Best, BD., Pinheiro, T., Dutra, GF. (2014). A Regional-Scale Ocean Health Index for Brazil PLoS ONE, Vol. 9(4), 1-11.
  • Fang, Q.H., Zhang, R., Zhang, L.P. & Hong, H.S. (2011). Marine functional zoning in China: experience and prospects. Coast. Managent 39 (6), 656–667.
  • Filgueira, R., Guyondet, T., Comeau, L.A. & Grant, J. (2014). Physiological indices as indicators of ecosystem status in shellfish aquaculture sites. Ecol. Indic. 39, 134–143.
  • Gazioğlu C., Burak,S., Alpar, B., Türker, A. & Barut, IF. (2010) Foreseeable impacts of sea level rise on the southern coast of the Marmara Sea (Turkey), Water Policy Vol 12(6), 932-943.
  • Gazioğlu C., Uzun, Y., Akkaya, MA. & Kaya, H. (2013). Kıyı Alanlarının Planlanması ve Kullanımı (Coastal Zone Planning and Use), 304p. (in Tuskish).
  • Gazioğlu, C & Okutan, V . (2016). Underwater Noise Pollution at the Strait of Istanbul (Bosphorus). International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics (IJEGEO), 3 (3), 26-39.
  • Gazioğlu, C (2017). Assessment of Tsunami-related Geohazard Assessment for Hersek Peninsula and Gulf of İzmit Coasts. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics (IJEGEO), 4 (2), 63-78.
  • Gazioğlu, C , Müftüoğlu, A , Demir, V , Aksu, A . & Okutan, V. (2015). Connection between Ocean Acidification and Sound Propagation. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics (IJEGEO), 2 (2), 16-26.
  • Gazioğlu, C., Akkaya, M.A., Baltaoğlu, S. & Burrak, S.Z. (2016). ICZM and the Sea of Marmara: The İstanbul Case. The Sea of Marmara: Marine Biodivesity, Fisheries, Conservations and Governanace (Editors: Özsoy, E., Çağatay, M.N., Balkıs, N., Balkıs Çağlar, N., Öztürk, B.), 935-957.
  • Halpern, B.S., Frazier, M., Potapenko, J., Casey. KS., Koenig, K., Longo, C., Lowndes, JS., Rockwood, RC., Selig, ER., Selkoe, KA. & Walbridge, S. (2015). Spatial and temporal changes incumulative human impacts on the world’s ocean. Nature Communications 6: 1–7.
  • Halpern, B.S., Longo, C., Hardy, D., McLeod KL, Samhouri JF, Katona SK, Kleisner K, Lester SE, O'Leary J, Ranelletti M, Rosenberg AA, Scarborough C, Selig ER, Best BD, Brumbaugh DR, Chapin FS, Crowder LB, Daly KL, Doney S.C., Elfes C., Fogarty M.J., Gaines S.D., Jacobsen K.I., Karrer L.B., Leslie
  • H.M., Neeley E., Pauly D., Polasky S., Ris B., St Martin K., Stone G.S., Sumaila U.R. & Zeller D. (2012). An index to assess the health andbenefits of the global ocean. Nature 488 (7413): 615–620.
  • Halpern, B.S., Longo, C., Scarborough, C., Hardy, D., Best, BD., Coney, SC., Katonai SK., McLeod, KL., Rosenberg, AA. & Samhouri, JF. (2014). Assessing the health of the USwest coast with a regional-scale application of the Ocean Health Index. PLOSONE 9 (4), 1–11
  • Halpern, B.S., Walbridge, S., Selkoe, K.A., Kappel CV., Micheli F., D'Agrosa C., Bruno JF., Casey KS., Ebert C., Fox HE., Fujita R., Heinemann D., Lenihan HS., Madin EM., Perry MT., Selig ER., Spalding M., Steneck R. & Watson R. 2008. A global map of human impaction marine ecosystems. Science 319 (5865), 948–952
  • HAWAI’I OHI. (2018). Techical Report, Conservation Internationally, 41p.
  • Lam, WH., & Roy, CB. (2014). Insights into the ocean health index for marine renewable energy. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 33, 26–33.
  • Long, RD., Charles, A. & Stephenson, RL. (2015). Key principles of marine ecosystem based management. Mar. Policy 57, 53–60.
  • Longo CS, Frazier M, Doney SC, Rheuban JE, Humberstone JM & Halpern BS (2017). Using the Ocean Health Index to Identify Opportunities and Challenges to Improving Southern Ocean Ecosystem Health. Front. Mar. Sci. 4:20.
  • Lotze, H.K., Lenihan, H.S., Bourque, B.J., Bradbury, RH., Cooke, RC, Kay, MC., Kidwell, SM., Kirby, MX., Peterson, CH., & Jackson, JBC. (2006). Depletion, degradation, and recovery potential of estuaries and coastal seas. Science 312 (5781), 1806–1809.
  • Ma, D.Q., Fang, Q.H. & Guan, S. (2016a). Applying the Ocean Health Index framework to the city level: A case study of Xiamen, China. Ecological Indicators 66, 281–290
  • Ma, D.Q., Fang, Q.H. & Guan, S. (2016b). Current legal regime for environmental impact assessment in areas beyond national jurisdiction and its future approaches. Environ. Impact Assess. Rev. 56, 23–30.
  • McLeod, K. L., & Leslie, H. M. (2009). Ecosystem-based management for the oceans. Washington, DC: Island Press.
  • MES (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment) (2005) Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Synthesis Report. Island Press, Washington, DC.
  • Musaoğlu, N., Tanık, A., Dikerler, T. & Buhur, S. (2015). Use of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems in the Determination of High –Risk Areas Regarding Marine Traffic in the Istanbul Strait. Environmental Hazards. 14(1), 54- 73.
  • Olsen, SB. (2003). Frameworks and indicators for assessing progress in integrated coastal management initiatives. Ocean Coast. Manage. 46 (3), 347–361.
  • Potts, T. (2006). A framework for the analysis of sustainability indicator systems in fisheries. Ocean Coast. Manage. 49 (5–6), 259–280.
  • Rapport DJ, Böhm G, Buckingham D, Cairns J Jr., Costanza R, Karr, JR., Kruijf, HAM de., Levins, R., McMichael, AJ., Nieölsen, NO. & Whitford, WG. (1999) Ecosystem health: the concept, the ISEH, and the important tasks ahead. Ecosystem Health 5, 82–90.
  • Rapport, D. J., Costanza, R., & McMichael, AJ. (1998). Assessing ecosystem health. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 13, 397–402.
  • Rombouts, I., Beaugrand, G., Fizzala, X., Gaill, F., Greenstreet, SPR,., Lamare, S., Loćh, le F., McQuatters-Gollop, A., mialet, B., Niquil, N., Percelay, J.,
  • Renaud, F., Rossberg, AG. & Féral, JP. (2013a). Food web indicators under the marine strategy framework directive: from complexity to simplicity? Ecol. Indic. 29, 246–254.
  • Rombouts, I., Beaugrand, G., Artigas, LF., Dauvin, JC., Gevaert, F., Goberville, E., Kopp, D., Lefebvre, S., Luczak, C., Spilmont, N., Travers-Trolet, M., Villanueva, MC. & Kirby, RR. (2013b). Evaluating marine ecosys-tem health: case studies of indicators using direct observations and modelling methods. Ecol. Indic. 24, 353–365.
  • Samhouri, J. F., Lester, S. E., Selig, E. R., Halpern, B. S., Fogarty, M. J., Longo, C. & McLeod, KL. (2012). Sea sick? Setting targets to assess ocean health and ecosystem services. Ecosphere, 3, 41.
  • Samhouri, J. F., Levin, P. S., James, C. A., Kershner, J., & Williams, G. (2011). Using existing scientific capacity to set targets for ecosystem-based management: A puget sound case study. Marine Policy, 35, 508–518.
  • Selig, ER., Frazier, M., O'Leary, JK., Jupiter, SD., Halpern, BS., Longo, C., Kleisner, KL., Sivo, L., Ranelletti, M (2015). Measuring indicators of ocean health for an island nation: The ocean health index for Fiji, Ecosystem Services, Vol.16, 403-412.
  • Shipman, B. & Stojanovic, T. (2007). Facts, Fictions, and Failures of Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Europe. Coastal Management. 35(2-3), 375-398.
  • Simav Ö, Zafer Şeker D.Z. & Gazioğlu C (2013a) Coastal inundation due to sea level rise and extreme sea state and its potential impacts: Çukurova Delta case. Turkish J Earth sci 22, 671–680.
  • Simav Ö, Zafer Şeker D.Z. Tanık, A. & Gazioğlu C (2013b). Kıyı Etkilenebilirlik Göstergesi İle Türkiye Kıyıları Risk Alanlarının Tespiti (Coastal Vulnerability Index with Turkey Coast Identification of Risk Areas), TMMOB Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Kongresi, Ankara, 11-19.
  • Stuart, D. (2010). Coastal Ecosystems and Agricultural Land-use: New Challenges on California’s Central Coast. Coastal Management. 38, 42-64.
  • Şeker D.Z., Tanık, A., Citil, E., Ozturk, I., Ovez, S. & Baycan, T. (2016). Importance and Vulnerability Analyses for Functional Zoning in a Coastal District of Turkey. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics (IJEGEO). Vol 3 (3), 76-91.
  • Terzi, H. & Gazioğlu, C. (2016). New Era In Maritime Safety: Safety Culture, 13th International IALA VTS Symposium, International framework for VTS and national regulatory provisions.
  • Ülker, D., Ergüven, O. & Gazioğlu, C. (2018). Socio-economic impacts in a Changing Climate: Case Study Syria, International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics (IJEGEO), Vol. 5(1), 84-93.
  • United Nations General Assembly, 2015. Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development A/RES/70/1.
  • URL1.http://www.oceanhealthindex.org/region-scores/annual-scores-and-rankings (05 Nov 2018).
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There are 57 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Cem Gazioğlu 0000-0002-2083-4008

Publication Date December 2, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 5 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Gazioğlu, C. (2018). Biodiversity, Coastal Protection, Promotion and Applicability Investigation of the Ocean Health Index for Turkish Seas. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics, 5(3), 353-367. https://doi.org/10.30897/ijegeo.484067

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