Research Article
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Trust in the Healthcare System and Social Coronavirus Anxiety; A Study in the Turkish Society

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 528 - 538, 31.05.2022

Meltem Saygılı Rukiye Numanoglu

https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.999359
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this research is to determine the level of trust in the healthcare system and coronavirus anxiety of the Turkish society during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: To obtain the data; "Multidimensional Trust in Health-Care Systems Scale (MTHCSS)" and "Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS)" were used. The research was carried out using the online questionnaire between August-September 2020, with the participation of 1185 people. Two-Sample Independent T-Test, One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and correlation analysis were used in the analysis of the data.
Results: It was determined that the mean scale scores of the participants the MTHCSS was high (59.06±13.76) and the mean score of the CAS was (1.86±3.30) low. Analyses carried out; showed that there are significant statistical differences between gender, presence of chronic disease, working status and compliance with the measures taken, trust in the healthcare system and coronavirus anxiety (p< 0.05). In Addition, the correlation analysis performed showed that there is a weak negative relationship between trust in the healthcare system and social Coronavirus anxiety.
Conclusion: The results showed that the Turkish society trusts their healthcare system. This makes think that the struggle given under the pandemic conditions is well managed by the Turkish healthcare system.

Keywords

COVID-19 Pandemic Healthcare system Trust Social Coronavirus anxiety.

Supporting Institution

No funding has received from any institution for the study.

Thanks

We thank all the participants who supported the research.

References

  • Rollas K, Şenoğlu N. Management of Covid-19 Patients in the Intensive Care Unit. The J Tepecik Educ Res Hosp 2020; 30:142-155 (in Turkish). doi: 10.5222/terh.2020.77044
  • Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: Summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA 2020; 323:1239-1242.
  • Bakir C. The Turkish state’s responses to existential COVID-19 crisis. Policy Soc 2020; 39:424-441. doi: 10.1080/14494035.2020.1783786
  • Russell S. Treatment-seeking behaviour in urban Sri Lanka: trusting the state, trusting private providers. Soc Sci Med 2005; 61:1396-1407. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.11.077
  • Gilson L. Trust and the development of health care as a social institution. Soc Sci Med 2003; 56:1453-1468. doi: 10.1016/S0277-9536(02)00142-9
  • Ozawa S, Sripad P. How do you measure trust in the health system? A systematic review of the literature. Soc Sci Med 2013; 91:10-14. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.05.005
  • Wang H, Schlesinger M, Wang H, Hsiao WC. The flip-side of social capital: the distinctive influences of trust and mistrust on health in rural China. Soc Sci Med 2009; 68:133-142. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.09.038
  • Rowe R, Calnan M. Trust relations in health care—the new agenda. Eur J Public Health 2006; 16:4-6. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckl004
  • Ozawa S, Walker DG. Trust in the context of community-based health insurance schemes in Cambodia: villagers’ trust in health insurers. Adv Health Econ Health Serv Res 2009; 21:107-132. doi: 10.1108/S0731-2199(2009)0000021008
  • Smith PC, Stepan A, Valdmanis V, Verheyen P. Principal-agent problems in health care systems: an international perspective. Health Policy 1997; 41:37-60. doi: 10.1016/S0168-8510(97)00012-2
  • Jones JA, Barry MM. Developing a scale to measure trust in health promotion partnerships. Health Promot Int 2011; 26:484-491. doi: 10.1093/heapro/dar007
  • Xiang Y, Yang Y, Li W, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Cheung T et al. Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed. Lancet 2020; 7:228–229. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30046-8
  • Liu S, Yang L, Zhang C, Xiang Y, Liu Z, Hu S et al. Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet Psychiat 2020: 7:e17–8. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30077-8
  • Peng M, Mo B, Liu Y, Xu M, Song X, Liu L et al. Prevalence. risk factors and clinical correlates of depression in quarantined population during the COVID-19 outbreak. J Affect Disorders 2020; 275:119–124. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.035
  • Lee SA. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety. Death Stud 2020; 44:393-401. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481
  • Chong M, Wang W, Hsieh W, Lee C, Chiu N, Yeh W et al. Psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on health workers in a tertiary hospital. Brit J Psychiat 2004; 185:127–133. doi: 10.1192/bjp.185.2.127
  • Wheaton MG, Abramowitz JS, Berman NC, Fabricant LE, Olatunji BO. Psychological predictors of anxiety in response to the H1N1 (swine flu) pandemic. Cognitive Ther Res 2012; 36: 210-218. doi: 10.1007/s10608-011-9353-3
  • Wu P, Fang Y, Guan Z, Fan B, Kong J, Yao Z et al. The psychological impact of the SARS epidemic on hospital employees in China: Exposure. risk perception. and altruistic acceptance of risk. Can J Psychiat 2009; 54:302–311. doi: 10.1177/070674370905400504
  • Yip PSF, Cheung YT, Chau P H, Law YW. The impact of epidemic outbreak: The case of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and suicide among older adults in Hong Kong. Crisis 2010; 31:86–92. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000015
  • Egede LE, Ellis C. Development and testing of the multidimensional trust in health care systems scale. J Gen Intern Med 2008; 23:808–815. doi: 10.1007/s11606-008-0613-1
  • Dinc L, Korkmaz F, Karabulut E. A Validity and Reliability Study of the Multidimensional Trust in Health-Care Systems Scale in a Turkish Patient Population. Soc Indic Res 2013; 113:107-120. doi: 10.1007/s11205-012-0084-y.
  • Basar D, Dikmen FH, Oztürk S. The prevalence and determinants of unmet health care needs in Turkey. Health Policy 2021; 125; 786-792. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2021.04.006
  • Roy D, Tripathy S, Kar SK, Sharma N, Verma SK, Kaushal V. Study of knowledge. attitude, anxiety & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic. Asian J Psychiat 2020; 51:102083. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102083
  • Islek E, Ozatkan Y, Bilir MK, Arı HO, Celik H et al. The Case of Turkey in COVID-19 Pandemic Management: Health Policy Practices and Strategies. Turkey Health Policy Institute. TÜSPE, Ankara, Turkey: TÜSPE publications; 2020. Report No: 2020/2.
  • Banerjee D. The COVID-19 outbreak: crucial role the psychiatrists can play. Asian J. Psychiat 2020; 50:102014. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102014
  • Bao Y, Sun Y, Meng S, Shi J, Lu L. 2019-nCoV epidemic: Address mental health care to empower society. Lancet 2020; 22: e37-e38. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30309-3
  • Xu Z, Li S, Tian S, Li H. Kong LQ. Full spectrum of COVID-19 severity still being depicted. Lancet 2020; 21 947-948. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30308-1
  • Chan HF, Brumpton M, Macintyre A, Arapoc J, Savage DA, Skali A et al. How confidence in health care systems affects mobility and compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic. PloS one 2020; 15:e0240644. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240644
  • Wong CML, Jensen O. The paradox of trust: perceived risk and public compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore. J Risk Res 2020; 23:1021-1030. doi: 10.1080/13669877.2020.1756386
  • Fancourt D, Steptoe A, Wright L. The Cummings effect: politics. trust. and behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet 2020; 396: 464-465. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31690-1
  • Quigley HL, Asgari N, Teo YY, Leung GM, Oshitani H, Fukuda K et al. Are high-performing health systems resilient against the COVID-19 epidemic? The Lancet 2020; 395:848-850. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30551-1
  • Harris SM, Sandal GM. COVID-19 and psychological distress in Norway: The role of trust in the healthcare system. Scand J Public Health 2021; 49:96–103. doi: 10.1177/1403494820971512
  • Rocco L, Fumagalli E, Suhrcke M. From social capital to health–and back. Health Econ 2014; 23:586-605. doi: 10.1002/hec.2934
  • Hollard G, Sene O. Social capital and access to primary health care in developing countries: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa. J Health Econ 2016; 45:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2015.10.004
  • Antinyan A, Bassetti T, Corazzini L, Pavesi F. Trust in the Healthcare System and COVID-19 Treatment. Front Psyhol 2021;12: 643758. doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643758
  • Vinck P, Pham PN, Bindu KK, DPhil JD, Nilles, EJ. Institutional trust and misinformation in the response to the 2018–19 Ebola outbreak in North Kivu, DR Congo: A population-based survey. The Lancet Infect Dis 2019; 19:529-536. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30063-5
  • Blair RA, Morse BS, Tsai LL. Public health, and public trust: Survey evidence from the Ebola Virus Disease epidemic in Liberia. Soc Sci Med 2017; 172:89-97. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.11.016
  • Forman R, Atun R, McKee M, Mossialos E. 12 Lessons learned from the management of the coronavirus pandemic. Health Policy 2020; 124:577-580. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2020.05.008
  • Malik AA, McFadden SM, Elharake J, Omer SB. Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the US. E Clinic Med 2020; 26:100495. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100495

Year 2022, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 528 - 538, 31.05.2022

Meltem Saygılı Rukiye Numanoglu

https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.999359
Cited By: 1

Abstract

References

  • Rollas K, Şenoğlu N. Management of Covid-19 Patients in the Intensive Care Unit. The J Tepecik Educ Res Hosp 2020; 30:142-155 (in Turkish). doi: 10.5222/terh.2020.77044
  • Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: Summary of a report of 72314 cases from the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA 2020; 323:1239-1242.
  • Bakir C. The Turkish state’s responses to existential COVID-19 crisis. Policy Soc 2020; 39:424-441. doi: 10.1080/14494035.2020.1783786
  • Russell S. Treatment-seeking behaviour in urban Sri Lanka: trusting the state, trusting private providers. Soc Sci Med 2005; 61:1396-1407. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.11.077
  • Gilson L. Trust and the development of health care as a social institution. Soc Sci Med 2003; 56:1453-1468. doi: 10.1016/S0277-9536(02)00142-9
  • Ozawa S, Sripad P. How do you measure trust in the health system? A systematic review of the literature. Soc Sci Med 2013; 91:10-14. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.05.005
  • Wang H, Schlesinger M, Wang H, Hsiao WC. The flip-side of social capital: the distinctive influences of trust and mistrust on health in rural China. Soc Sci Med 2009; 68:133-142. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2008.09.038
  • Rowe R, Calnan M. Trust relations in health care—the new agenda. Eur J Public Health 2006; 16:4-6. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckl004
  • Ozawa S, Walker DG. Trust in the context of community-based health insurance schemes in Cambodia: villagers’ trust in health insurers. Adv Health Econ Health Serv Res 2009; 21:107-132. doi: 10.1108/S0731-2199(2009)0000021008
  • Smith PC, Stepan A, Valdmanis V, Verheyen P. Principal-agent problems in health care systems: an international perspective. Health Policy 1997; 41:37-60. doi: 10.1016/S0168-8510(97)00012-2
  • Jones JA, Barry MM. Developing a scale to measure trust in health promotion partnerships. Health Promot Int 2011; 26:484-491. doi: 10.1093/heapro/dar007
  • Xiang Y, Yang Y, Li W, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Cheung T et al. Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak is urgently needed. Lancet 2020; 7:228–229. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30046-8
  • Liu S, Yang L, Zhang C, Xiang Y, Liu Z, Hu S et al. Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet Psychiat 2020: 7:e17–8. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30077-8
  • Peng M, Mo B, Liu Y, Xu M, Song X, Liu L et al. Prevalence. risk factors and clinical correlates of depression in quarantined population during the COVID-19 outbreak. J Affect Disorders 2020; 275:119–124. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.035
  • Lee SA. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety. Death Stud 2020; 44:393-401. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481
  • Chong M, Wang W, Hsieh W, Lee C, Chiu N, Yeh W et al. Psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on health workers in a tertiary hospital. Brit J Psychiat 2004; 185:127–133. doi: 10.1192/bjp.185.2.127
  • Wheaton MG, Abramowitz JS, Berman NC, Fabricant LE, Olatunji BO. Psychological predictors of anxiety in response to the H1N1 (swine flu) pandemic. Cognitive Ther Res 2012; 36: 210-218. doi: 10.1007/s10608-011-9353-3
  • Wu P, Fang Y, Guan Z, Fan B, Kong J, Yao Z et al. The psychological impact of the SARS epidemic on hospital employees in China: Exposure. risk perception. and altruistic acceptance of risk. Can J Psychiat 2009; 54:302–311. doi: 10.1177/070674370905400504
  • Yip PSF, Cheung YT, Chau P H, Law YW. The impact of epidemic outbreak: The case of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and suicide among older adults in Hong Kong. Crisis 2010; 31:86–92. doi: 10.1027/0227-5910/a000015
  • Egede LE, Ellis C. Development and testing of the multidimensional trust in health care systems scale. J Gen Intern Med 2008; 23:808–815. doi: 10.1007/s11606-008-0613-1
  • Dinc L, Korkmaz F, Karabulut E. A Validity and Reliability Study of the Multidimensional Trust in Health-Care Systems Scale in a Turkish Patient Population. Soc Indic Res 2013; 113:107-120. doi: 10.1007/s11205-012-0084-y.
  • Basar D, Dikmen FH, Oztürk S. The prevalence and determinants of unmet health care needs in Turkey. Health Policy 2021; 125; 786-792. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2021.04.006
  • Roy D, Tripathy S, Kar SK, Sharma N, Verma SK, Kaushal V. Study of knowledge. attitude, anxiety & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic. Asian J Psychiat 2020; 51:102083. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102083
  • Islek E, Ozatkan Y, Bilir MK, Arı HO, Celik H et al. The Case of Turkey in COVID-19 Pandemic Management: Health Policy Practices and Strategies. Turkey Health Policy Institute. TÜSPE, Ankara, Turkey: TÜSPE publications; 2020. Report No: 2020/2.
  • Banerjee D. The COVID-19 outbreak: crucial role the psychiatrists can play. Asian J. Psychiat 2020; 50:102014. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102014
  • Bao Y, Sun Y, Meng S, Shi J, Lu L. 2019-nCoV epidemic: Address mental health care to empower society. Lancet 2020; 22: e37-e38. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30309-3
  • Xu Z, Li S, Tian S, Li H. Kong LQ. Full spectrum of COVID-19 severity still being depicted. Lancet 2020; 21 947-948. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30308-1
  • Chan HF, Brumpton M, Macintyre A, Arapoc J, Savage DA, Skali A et al. How confidence in health care systems affects mobility and compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic. PloS one 2020; 15:e0240644. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240644
  • Wong CML, Jensen O. The paradox of trust: perceived risk and public compliance during the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore. J Risk Res 2020; 23:1021-1030. doi: 10.1080/13669877.2020.1756386
  • Fancourt D, Steptoe A, Wright L. The Cummings effect: politics. trust. and behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet 2020; 396: 464-465. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31690-1
  • Quigley HL, Asgari N, Teo YY, Leung GM, Oshitani H, Fukuda K et al. Are high-performing health systems resilient against the COVID-19 epidemic? The Lancet 2020; 395:848-850. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30551-1
  • Harris SM, Sandal GM. COVID-19 and psychological distress in Norway: The role of trust in the healthcare system. Scand J Public Health 2021; 49:96–103. doi: 10.1177/1403494820971512
  • Rocco L, Fumagalli E, Suhrcke M. From social capital to health–and back. Health Econ 2014; 23:586-605. doi: 10.1002/hec.2934
  • Hollard G, Sene O. Social capital and access to primary health care in developing countries: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa. J Health Econ 2016; 45:1-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2015.10.004
  • Antinyan A, Bassetti T, Corazzini L, Pavesi F. Trust in the Healthcare System and COVID-19 Treatment. Front Psyhol 2021;12: 643758. doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643758
  • Vinck P, Pham PN, Bindu KK, DPhil JD, Nilles, EJ. Institutional trust and misinformation in the response to the 2018–19 Ebola outbreak in North Kivu, DR Congo: A population-based survey. The Lancet Infect Dis 2019; 19:529-536. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30063-5
  • Blair RA, Morse BS, Tsai LL. Public health, and public trust: Survey evidence from the Ebola Virus Disease epidemic in Liberia. Soc Sci Med 2017; 172:89-97. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.11.016
  • Forman R, Atun R, McKee M, Mossialos E. 12 Lessons learned from the management of the coronavirus pandemic. Health Policy 2020; 124:577-580. doi: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2020.05.008
  • Malik AA, McFadden SM, Elharake J, Omer SB. Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the US. E Clinic Med 2020; 26:100495. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100495
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Meltem Saygılı 0000-0001-6309-2473

Rukiye Numanoglu 0000-0001-9637-1866

Publication Date May 31, 2022
Submission Date September 22, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Saygılı, M., & Numanoglu, R. (2022). Trust in the Healthcare System and Social Coronavirus Anxiety; A Study in the Turkish Society. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, 6(2), 528-538. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.999359
AMA Saygılı M, Numanoglu R. Trust in the Healthcare System and Social Coronavirus Anxiety; A Study in the Turkish Society. JBACHS. May 2022;6(2):528-538. doi:10.30621/jbachs.999359
Chicago Saygılı, Meltem, and Rukiye Numanoglu. “Trust in the Healthcare System and Social Coronavirus Anxiety; A Study in the Turkish Society”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 6, no. 2 (May 2022): 528-38. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.999359.
EndNote Saygılı M, Numanoglu R (May 1, 2022) Trust in the Healthcare System and Social Coronavirus Anxiety; A Study in the Turkish Society. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 6 2 528–538.
IEEE M. Saygılı and R. Numanoglu, “Trust in the Healthcare System and Social Coronavirus Anxiety; A Study in the Turkish Society”, JBACHS, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 528–538, 2022, doi: 10.30621/jbachs.999359.
ISNAD Saygılı, Meltem - Numanoglu, Rukiye. “Trust in the Healthcare System and Social Coronavirus Anxiety; A Study in the Turkish Society”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences 6/2 (May 2022), 528-538. https://doi.org/10.30621/jbachs.999359.
JAMA Saygılı M, Numanoglu R. Trust in the Healthcare System and Social Coronavirus Anxiety; A Study in the Turkish Society. JBACHS. 2022;6:528–538.
MLA Saygılı, Meltem and Rukiye Numanoglu. “Trust in the Healthcare System and Social Coronavirus Anxiety; A Study in the Turkish Society”. Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences, vol. 6, no. 2, 2022, pp. 528-3, doi:10.30621/jbachs.999359.
Vancouver Saygılı M, Numanoglu R. Trust in the Healthcare System and Social Coronavirus Anxiety; A Study in the Turkish Society. JBACHS. 2022;6(2):528-3.

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