STUDI PEMBAKARAN SPONTAN BATUBARA MENGGUNAKAN METODE PEMANASAN ADIABATIK PADA SKALA LABORATORIUM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30556/jtmb.Vol16.No2.2020.1066Kata Kunci:
pembakaran spontan, batubara, adiabatik, energi aktivasiAbstrak
Untuk mengatasi kejadian pembakaran spontan batubara yang merugikan, dibutuhkan suatu metode yang dapat mengenali potensi pembakaran spontan batubara. Pada penelitian ini Metode Oksidasi Adiabatik dipelajari untuk menggambarkan proses reaksi oksidasi batubara pada suhu 40-70 °C. Percontoh yang digunakan adalah batubara high-volatile C bituminous. Parameter yang diamati adalah ukuran butir, debit suplai oksigen (pada 100% O2) dan kompaksi. Satu buah percontoh memiliki berat 220 gram. Sebanyak 24 percontoh batubara di uji dengan alat pemanas oksidasi adiabatik dan dicatat temperaturnya selama waktu pengujian. Dari hasil penelitian terlihat bahwa nilai laju pembakaran spontan (R70) terbesar adalah 13,2719 °C/jam pada perontoh dengan ukuran 10-14 mesh (1,410 mm) tanpa kompaksi dengan debit oksigen 0,1 L/menit. Pada percontoh dengan ukuran 170-200 mesh (0,081 mm) tanpa kompaksi dengan debit oksigen 0,05 L/menit, nilai laju pembakaran spontan (R70) terbesar adalah 14,75 °C/jam. Selain itu, nilai energi aktivasi pada kedua percontoh tersebut merupakan yang terendah pada masing-masing kelompok pengujian, yaitu 13,10 kJ/mol dan 11,22 kJ/mol. Semakin kecil ukuran butir dan pada kondisi tanpa kompaksi, semakin meningkat nilai indeks R70 dan semakin mudah batubara terbakar. Dari kedua pengujian terlihat bahwa ukuran butir dan kompaksi memiliki pengaruh besar terhadap terjadinya pembakaran spontan batubara. Pengaruh debit oksigen tidak memperlihatkan kecenderungan (korelasi) pada kedua pengujian.
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