آسیب‌شناسی قبول اقدامات پیشگیرانه کووید 19 در ایران: نقش پریشانی اطلاعاتی و اجتناب از اطلاعات

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علم اطلاعات و دانش‌شناسی گرایش مدیریت اطلاعات و دانش، شیراز، ایران

2 دانشیار و عضو هیات علمی گروه علم اطلاعات و دانش شناسی دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

هدف: شناسایی تأثیر پریشانی اطلاعاتی و اجتناب از اطلاعات برای اقدامات پیشگیرانه در زمان همه­‌گیری کرونا. همچنین این پژوهش به‌دنبال  شناسایی تأثیر مداخله­‌گری اجتناب از اطلاعات بر رابطه پریشانی اطلاعاتی و قبول اقدامات پیشگیرانه است.
روش:  پژوهش از ‌لحاظ هدف، کاربردی است و با روش توصیفی-پیمایشی انجام شد. جامعه­ پژوهش(N=16643) تمام  دانشجویان دانشگاه شیراز در مقاطع تحصیلی مختلف بود که در ترم زوج سال تحصیلی ۱۳۹۹-۱۴۰۰ در حال­ تحصیل بودند. بر اساس جدول مورگان نمونه پژوهش ۳۷۵ دانشجو انتخاب شد. ابزار گردآوری داده‌­ها پرسشنامه­ ترکیبی بود که دارای سه بخش پریشانی اطلاعاتی، اجتناب از اطلاعات و قبول اقدامات پیشگیرانه است. داده­‌های پژوهش پس از تأیید روایی پرسشنامه توسط سه متخصص رشته­‌ی علم اطلاعات و دانش­‌شناسی و محاسبه­‌ی پایایی (آلفای کرونباخ) هر سه بخش (پریشانی اطلاعاتی ۰/۷۸۸، اجتناب از اطلاعات ۰/۸۵۶ و قبول اقدامات پیشگیرانه ۰/۸۹۰) جمع‌­آوری شدند. داده­‌ها پس از پشت سرگذاشتن موج چهارم کرونا گردآوری شد.
یافته­‌ها:  مدل رگرسیونی قدرت پیش‌بینی متغیرهای پریشانی اطلاعاتی و اجتناب از اطلاعات در  اقدامات پیشگیرانه، معنادار است (F(2, 371)=18.029, p<.001 , R2=.089). متغیر پریشانی اطلاعاتی ۱۳/۲ درصد از واریانس قبول اقدامات پیشگیرانه (رابطه­‌ی معکوس و معنادار) و متغیر اجتناب از اطلاعات ۲۵/۸ درصد از واریانس قبول اقدامات پیشگیرانه (رابطه­‌ی معکوس و معنادار) را تبیین می­ کند. همچنین یافته­‌های مدل رگرسیون بلوکی نشان­ دهنده­ معناداری تأثیر مداخله­‌گری متغیر اجتناب از اطلاعات (F(2, 371)=19.628, p<.000) بر رابطه­‌ی متغیرهای پریشانی اطلاعاتی و انطباق با اقدامات پیشگیرانه با R2=.096  بود. متغیر پریشانی اطلاعاتی در حضور اثر مداخله­‌گری اجتناب از اطلاعات، 34.5 درصد از واریانس قبول اقدامات پیشگیرانه (رابطه­‌ی معکوس و معنادار) را تبیین می­ کند.
نتیجه­‌گیری: متغیرهای پریشانی اطلاعاتی و اجتناب از اطلاعات باعث کاهش متغیر قبول اقدامات پیشگیرانه می­ شود و تأثیر  پیش‌بینی­ اجتناب از اطلاعات بر قبول اقدامات پیشگیرانه بیشتر از تأثیر پیش­ بینی­ پریشانی اطلاعاتی است. از طرفی اجتناب از اطلاعات بر رابطه­ پریشانی اطلاعاتی و قبول اقدامات پیشگیرانه اثر مداخله­‌گری تقویت­‌کننده دارد و میزان قبول اقدامات پیشگیرانه، در حضور اثر اجتناب از اطلاعات کمتر می­­ شود. به بیانی دیگر، افرادی که نمرات بالاتری در پریشانی اطلاعاتی کسب کردند و بیش از سایرین از اطلاعات در زمینه­‌کرونا اجتناب می‌­کردند، به میزان کمتری از اقدامات پیشگیرانه­ کرونا پیروی می­‌کردند. همچنین هیچ رابطه‌­ی معناداری بین دو متغیر اجتناب از اطلاعات و پریشانی اطلاعات مشاهده نشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Pathology of Compliance with Covid-19 Preventive Measures in Iran: The Role of Distress by Information and Information Avoidance

نویسندگان [English]

  • M. Torabi 1
  • M. mirzabeigi 2
1 PhD Student of Knowledge and Information Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 PhD in Knowledge and Information Science, Associate Professor, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran,
چکیده [English]

Purpose: The study aimed to identify the impact of distress by information and information avoidance on the compliance with preventive measures and to identify the intervention effect of information avoidance about corona virus on distress by information in compliance with preventive measures.
Method: In terms of purpose this is applied research, and in terms of method is a descriptive-survey. The statistical population includes all students of Shiraz University in different academic levels who were studying in the even semester of the academic year 2021 (N = 16643). According to Morgan's table, 375 students selected as the research sample. Data collection tool was a combined questionnaire developed by Siebenhaar, et al. (2020) which had three subscales of distress by information, information avoidance and compliance with preventive measures. Research data was collected after confirming the validity of the questionnaire by three experts in the field as well as calculating the reliability (Cronbach's alpha) of all three subscales of distress by information, information avoidance and compliance with preventive measures (0.788, 0.856, 0.890).
Findings: The results showed that the regression model is significant for predicting compliance with preventive measures through the variables of distress by information and information avoidance (F (2, 371) = 18.029, p <.001, R2 = .089). The distress by information explains 13.2% of the variance of compliance with preventive measures (negative and significant) and the information avoidance variable explains 25.8% of the variance of compliance with preventive measures (negative and significant). Findings of block regression model also showed a significant effect of information avoidance intervention (F (2, 371) = 19.628, p <.000) on the relationship between distress by information and compliance with preventive measures with R2 = .096. The distress by information in the presence of the intervention effect of information avoidance explains 34.5% of the variance of compliance with preventive measures.
Conclusion: The results showed that the distress by information variable and the information avoidance variable reduce the compliance with preventive measures. Moreover, the predicting influence of information avoidance is more than the predicting influence of distress by information. On the other hand, information avoidance has a reinforcing intervention effect on the relationship between distress by information and compliance with preventive measures and reduces the compliance with preventive measures. In other words, people who scored higher in distress by information and avoided coronary information more, followed corona preventive measures less than others did.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corona
  • Covid-19
  • Infodemic
  • Information avoidance
  • Distress by Information
  • Compliance with Preventive Measures
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