Panjin embroidery is one of China's most characteristic and functional embroidery stitches. It is developed from nail thread embroidery. It is often used to outline lines and highlight edges. It can fully express the luxury and gorgeousness of the clothes. Therefore, Panjin embroidery is often used to make clothes showing the owner's wealth and power, such as dragon robes (ancient emperor clothes) and Yunjian(ancient Chinese clothing). With the development of social life and the change in clothing culture, the skill of panjin embroidery mostly appeared on the opera stage. It became one of the leading production techniques of opera costumes.

Zheng Yan. Analysis of the Development History and Cultural Value of the Chinese Panjin Embroidery Technique. Frontiers in Art Research (2023) Vol. 5, Issue 5: 14-22. https://doi.org/10.25236/FAR.2023.050503.

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