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ORIGINAL ARTICLE Open access
European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 2024 Apr 22
DOI: 10.23736/S1973-9087.24.08034-1
Copyright © 2024 THE AUTHORS
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license which allows users to copy and distribute the manuscript, as long as this is not done for commercial purposes and further does not permit distribution of the manuscript if it is changed or edited in any way, and as long as the user gives appropriate credits to the original author(s) and the source (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI) and provides a link to the license.
language: English
Diabetes is associated with longitudinal declined physical performance measures in persons with or at risk of knee osteoarthritis: data from the osteoarthritis initiative
Aqeel M. ALENAZI ✉, Bader A. ALQAHTANI
Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
BACKGROUND: The primary aim of this study was to longitudinally examine the impact of DM on physical performance measures including Gait Speed and Chair Stand tests over 8 years of follow up in people with or at risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA).
DESIGN: A prospective longitudinal study.
SETTING: Multisite community based.
POPULATION: This study included participants with or at risk of knee OA aged from 45 to 79 years from the Osteoarthritis Initiative from baseline to 96 months follow-up.
METHODS: The participants performed physical performance measures using a 20 m Walk Test for Gait Speed and 5 Times Sit To Stand for repeated chair stand test time at baseline and during follow up visits. Participants were asked about the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) at baseline and categorized into with or without DM. Generalized estimating equations were utilized with 2 models, one for DM and Gait Speed and the other for DM and Repeated Chair Stand Test after controlling for covariates including age, sex, education, Body Mass Index (BMI), depressive symptoms, physical activity level, baseline number of comorbidities, and baseline Kellgren and Lawrence grades for OA grading for each knee.
RESULTS: A total of 4796 participants were included and categorized into those with DM (N.=362) and without DM (N.=4311) at baseline. Participants with DM at baseline showed significantly declined gait speed (B=-0.048, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI]: [-0.07, -0.02], P<0.001) and significantly an increased time for repeated chair stand test (B=0.49, 95% CI: [0.08, 0.89], P=0.018) over time when compared to those without DM at baseline, after controlling for covariates.
CONCLUSIONS: DM was associated with negative impact on Gait Speed and Repeated Chair Stand Test time in individuals with or at risk of knee OA. Individuals with knee OA and diabetes who exhibit declining physical performance measures are at risk of functional dependence, reduced quality of life, and complex rehabilitation requirements.
KEY WORDS: Walking speed; Metabolic syndrome; Exercise test; Arthritis