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ORIGINAL ARTICLE BODY COMPOSITION, NUTRITION AND SUPPLEMENTATION
The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness 2018 April;58(4):457-64
DOI: 10.23736/S0022-4707.16.06730-X
Copyright © 2016 EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA
language: English
Resistance training with dietary intake maintenance increases strength without altering body composition in older women
Matheus A. do NASCIMENTO 1, 2 ✉, Aline M. GERAGE 3, Renata S. JANUÁRIO 3, Fábio L. PINA 1, Luís A. GOBBO 1, 4, Jerry L. MAYHEW 5, Edilson S. CYRINO 1
1 Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil; 2 Paraná State University, Paranavaí Campus, Paranavaí, Brazil; 3 Department of Physical Education, University of Northern Parana, Londrina, Parana, Brazil; 4 Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, Estadual Paulista University, Pres. Prudente, Brazil; 5 Exercise Science Department, Truman State University, Kirksville, MO, USA
BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that the aging process tends to lead to sarcopenia and osteoporosis which reduce the quality of life in older women. Resistance training (RT) is widely supported as a means of delaying or offsetting the decline in muscle strength and loss of bone mineral content in older women. The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the effects of a 12-wk RT program (3 times a week) with dietary intake maintenance on muscle strength and body composition of healthy, sedentary older women.
METHODS: Forty-four older women were randomly assigned to a RT program (N.=22, 66.3±4.8 years, 60.7±9.1 kg, 153.1±0.90 cm, 24.9±3.3 kg/m²) or a control group (N.=22, 66.4±4.0 years, 63.3±7.5 kg, 155.5±5.8 cm, 26.2±2.6 kg/m²) performing stretching exercises during the same period. One-repetition maximum test on chest press and leg extension were used to assess muscle strength. Body composition was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry to determine fat mass, fat-free mass, and bone mineral content. Dietary intake was recorded using a 3-day food records. All subjects maintained their normal diet during the investigation.
RESULTS: No significant differences were found for the body composition components within and between groups. A significant time by group interaction indicated that the RT group made greater improvements in upper and lower limb muscle strength (chest press ~12%, P=0.0001; leg extension ~13%, P<0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that RT program improves muscle strength of major muscle groups, without altering body composition in older women under dietary intake maintenance.
KEY WORDS: Geriatrics - Dietary supplements - Resistance training