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Long-Distance Logistic Mobility as an Organizing Principle among Northern Hunter-Gatherers: A Great Lakes Middle Holocene Settlement System

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

William A. Lovis ,
Randolph E. Donahue  and
Margaret B. Holman
William A. Lovis
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology and MSU Museum, 354 Baker Hall, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 (lovis@msu.edu; holmanm@msu.edu)
Randolph E. Donahue
Affiliation:
Department of Archaeological Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP England (r.e.donahue@bradford.ac.uk)
Margaret B. Holman
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology and MSU Museum, 354 Baker Hall, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 (lovis@msu.edu; holmanm@msu.edu)
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Abstract

Concepts of residential and logistic mobility are applied to survey assemblages from multiple decades of research along the interior drainages of central lower Michigan. Drawing on the ethnographic record of boreal hunter-gatherers and archaeological interpretations of long-distance logistic mobility from the Mesolithic of northern England and continental Europe, it is argued that the importance of logistic mobility is underrepresented in summaries of northern hemisphere hunter-gatherers. Reconstruction of Middle Holocene environments suggests that the resource structure of the central Michigan uplands was one that fostered use of logistic mobility, and that interior Middle Archaic assemblages and site structures reveal special function activities systemically tied to residential and other special function sites at lower coastal elevations, as well as currently submerged under Lake Huron. We conclude that rising levels of Lake Huron ca. 4500 B.P. resulted in decreased land area, population packing, and a consequent shift to residential mobility by the Late Archaic. Further, the results of this analysis can serve as a comparative framework for recognizing the role of logistic mobility in the evolution of hunter-gatherer adaptive strategies in other regions.

Résumé

Résumé

Se aplican los conceptos de movilidad residencial y logística a varias colecciones de reconocimiento de superficie, recolectados durante múltiples décadas en investigaciones de sistemas fluviales en el área sur-central de Michigan. Basados en los estudios etnográficos de cazadores-recolectores del bosque boreal, así como interpretaciones arqueológicas de movilidad logística a larga distancia del Mesolitico de Inglaterra del norte y Europa continental, se argumenta que la importancia de la movilidad logística ha sido subrepresentada en los comportamientos de cazadores-recolectores del hemisferio septentrional. La reconstruccion de ambientes del Holoceno Medio sugiere que la estructura de recursos en las tierras altas de Michigan central permitía la movilidad logística, y que las colecciones interiores del Arcaico Medio así como las estructuras de los sitios revelan actividades de función especial. Tales actividades de función especial son vinculadas a sitios residenciales y a otros sitios ubicados en elevaciones más bajas de la costa, así como algunos sitios actualmente sumergidos bajo del lago Huron. Concluimos que la elevación de los niveles del lago Huron (ca. 4500 A.P.) resultaron en un decremento en área de tierra, concentración de la población, y un subsiguiente cambio hacia movilidad residencial en el Arcaico Tardío. Además, los resultados de este análisis pueden servir como modelo comparativo para reconocer el papel de la movilidad logística en la evolución de estrategias de adaptación de cazadores-recolectores en otras regiones.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 70 , Issue 4 , October 2005 , pp. 669 - 693
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for American Archaeology 2005

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