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Excavations at Polatli: A New Investigation of Second and Third Millennium Stratigraphy in Anatolia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2013

Seton Lloyd  and
Nuri Gökçe
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Extract

In our 1949 budget, the Directing Committee of the Institute put at my disposal a sum of one hundred pounds, for the purpose of an excavation in collaboration with the Turkish Department of Antiquities. On discussing the matter with the Director, Dr. Hamit Koşay, I found that the mound in which he was at the moment most interested was near the small modern town of Polatli, about forty miles from Ankara, on the main railway line to Istanbul. I understood from Dr. Koşay that a large part of this mound had been quarried away by peasants in need of earth for making bricks, and that, as a result, a number of whole pots and metal objects of the Copper Age had found their way to Ankara. I was subsequently shown these objects by Bay Nuri Gökçe, Director of the Hittite Museum, and a few days later visited the site in his company.

The hüyük, which takes its name from Polatli (Plate II), is situated on the outskirts of the modern town, near a spring of water. Its height is impressive, though the area which it covers suggests that the ancient settlement which it represents would have been hardly more than a village.

Type
Research Article
Information
Anatolian Studies , Volume 1 , December 1951 , pp. 21 - 75
Copyright
Copyright © The British Institute at Ankara 1951

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References

page 45 note 1 These are noticed by Lamb, W. in Anatolian Studies presented to William Hepburn Buckler, p. 134Google Scholar and Pl. IV 5, and paralleled by examples (unpublished) from Karaoǧlan and Hashüyük in the Ethnological Museum, Ankara.

page 63 note 1 Skeleton No. 1 is represented by only a cranial fragment from the anterior part of the right parietal bone and skeleton No. 3 is represented by the lower two-thirds of a right humerus and the upper part of a right ulna.

page 64 note 1 Hrdlička, A. “Shovel-shaped teeth,” American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 3, 1920CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

page 65 note 1 Hellman, M. “Racial characters in human dentition.” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 67, No. 2, 1928Google Scholar.

page 67 note 1 See: Schulz, , Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Anthropologie. Band XXXII, Heft 1/2, Table 5, 1933Google Scholar.

page 67 note 2 See: Martin, , Lehrbuch der Anthropologie, 1928, Vol. 2, p. 979Google Scholar.

page 67 note 3 See: Martin, op. cit. p. 984.

page 67 note 4 For the occurrence of an extreme case of multiplicity of foramina mentalia and its significance see: Şenyürek, , “The multiplicity of foramina mentalia in a human mandible from the Copper Age of Anatolia”. Nature, 157, 1946Google Scholar. In this Kusura mandible (No. V, 94·76) there are five foramina on the right and four on the left sides. Another mandible of interest in this respect is Maşat No. 4 (See: Şenyürek, Türk Tarih Kurumu adına yapılan Maşat Höyük kazisindan çikarilan kafataslarinin tetkiki. Study of the skulls from Maşat Höyük, excavated under the auspices of the Turkish Historical Society. Belleten, X, 1946Google Scholar). This mandible (Fig. 8) was described as having three orifices on the left side, but subsequently my student, Mr. Fikret Ozansoy, has drawn my attention to a fourth and extremely tiny pore, under the anterior root of the first molar, which had been at the time of description plugged with mud and thus overlooked.

page 68 note 1 Compare with: Şenyürek, op. cit., 1946, Table 2.

page 68 note 2 See: Şenyürek, , “Anadolu Bakır çaǧı ve Eti sekenesinin kraniyolojik tetkiki. A craniological study of the Copper Age and Hittite populations of Anatolia.” Belleten, V, 1941Google Scholar.

page 68 note 3 Şenyürek, loc. cit.

page 68 note 4 For the description of these skulls see: Krogman, W. M. “Cranial types from Alishar Hüyük and their relations to other racial types, ancient and modern, of Europe and Western Asia”. In von der Osten's: Alishar Hüyük, Part III. O.I.P. XXX, 1937Google Scholar.

page 68 note 5 Şenyürek, loc. cit.