Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-wq484 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-29T12:49:53.063Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Status Distinction and Legitimation of Power as Reflected in Changing Patterns of Consumption in Late Prehispanic Peru

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Cathy Lynne Costin  and
Timothy Earle
Cathy Lynne Costin
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0661
Timothy Earle
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Patterns in household consumption reflect changing strategies of control, finance, and legitimation used by the Inka empire after their conquest of the northern Wanka of Central Peru. Changes in consumption reflect differential access to goods. In pre-Inka Wanka II, the evidence of social stratification was relatively marked; in Wanka III—under Inka domination—this difference continued but narrowed significantly. The symbolic referents of prestige wares that distinguished elites from commoners changed from local styles to those conforming to Inka stylistic canons. We also recognize changing participation in activities associated with economic control and legitimation. In Wanka II, elite households yielded evidence of greater involvement in storage and feasting. In Wanka III, the overall quantities of items associated with these activities fell and the difference between elites and commoners was diminished as the state co-opted local elite prerogatives of status and power.

Résumé

Résumé

Los patrones de consumo de la unidad doméstica señalan cambios en las estrategias de control, financiamiento, y legitimación usadas por el imperio Inka despues de conquistar la parte norte del señorío Wanka, en los Andes centrales. Estos cambios reflejan el acceso diferencial a bienes de consumo. En el período Wanka II, los signos de estratificación social eran claramente demarcados; en el período Wanka III—bajo el dominio Inka—estas diferencias continuaron aunque fueron reducidas significativamente. Los referentes simbólicos de prestigio que diferenciaban a los miembros de la nobleza de los "comunes" cambiaron del estilo local a aquellos patrones que conformaban al estilo Inka. Tambien se pueden reconocer cambios en la participación en actividades asociadas con el control económico y legitimación. En el período Wanka II hay evidencias de un mayor rol de las unidades domésticas de la nobleza en actividades de almacenamiento y en celebraciones. En el período Wanka HI, la cantidad de objetos asociados con estas actividades disminuyó y las diferencias entre nobles y comunes fueron reducidas mientras que el estado Inka absorbió las prerrogativas de status y poder de la elite local.

Type
Articles
Information
American Antiquity , Volume 54 , Issue 4 , October 1989 , pp. 691 - 714
Copyright
Copyright © Society for American Archaeology 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References Cited

Browman, D. 1970 Early Peruvian Peasants : The Culture History of a Central Highlands Valley. Unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.Google Scholar
Cock C, G. 1977 Los kurakas de los Collaguas : poder politico y poder economico. Historia y cultura 10 : 95–119. Lima.Google Scholar
Conrad, G., and Demarest, A. 1984 Religion and Empire : The Dynamics of Aztec and Inca Expansionism. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.Google Scholar
Costin, C. L. 1986 From Chiefdom to Empire State : Ceramic Economy Among the Prehispanic Wanka of Highland Peru. Ph. D. dissertation, University of California. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Costin, C. L. 1988 Ceramic Exchange Among the Prehispanic Wanka of Highland Peru. Paper presented at the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Phoenix.Google Scholar
Costin, C. L., Earle, T., Owen, B., and Russell, G. 1989 Impact of Inka Conquest on Local Technology in the Upper Mantaro Valley, Peru. In What's New : A Closer Look at the Process of Innovation, edited by Leeuw, S. E. van der and Torrence, R., pp. 107–139. One World Archaeology Series 14. Unwin and Allen, London. Google Scholar
Costin, C. L., and Russell, G. 1985 Household Production and Village Specialization in the Upper Mantaro Valley, Peru. Paper presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Denver.Google Scholar
D. Altroy, T. 1981 Empire Growth and Consolidation : The Xauxa Region of Peru under the Incas. Ph. D. dissertation, University of California. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
D. Altroy, T. 1987 Transitions in Power : Centralization of Wanka Political Organization under Inka Rule. Ethnohistory 34 : 78–103.Google Scholar
D. Altroy, T., and Bishop, R. 1990 Provincial Organization of Inka Ceramic Production. American Antiquity, in press.Google Scholar
D. Altroy, T., and Earle, T. 1985 Staple Finance, Wealth Finance, and Storage in the Inka Political Economy. Current Anthropology 25 : 187–206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Earle, T. 1985 Commodity Exchange and Markets in the Inca State : Recent Archaeological Evidence. In Markets and Marketing, edited by Planner, S., pp. 369–397. Society for Economic Anthropology, Monographs in Economic Anthropology 4. University Press of America, Lanham, Maryland.Google Scholar
Earle, T. 1987a Chiefdoms in Archaeological and Ethnohistorical Perspective. In Annual Reviews of Anthropology, vol. 16, edited by Siegel, B. J., Beals, A. R., and Tyler, S. A., pp. 279–308. Annual Reviews, Palo Alto.Google Scholar
Earle, T. 1987b Specialization and the Production of Wealth : Hawaiian Chiefdoms and the Inka Empire. In Specialization, Exchange, and Complex Societies, edited by Brumfiel, E. and Earle, T., pp. 64–75. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.Google Scholar
Earle, T., and Christenson, A. (editors) 1980 Modeling Change in Prehistoric Subsistence Economies. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Earle, T., and Costin, C. L. 1986 Inka Imperial Conquest and Changing Patterns of Household Consumption in the Central Andes. Paper presented at the 6th Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Anthropology, Urbana-Champaign.Google Scholar
Earle, T., and Altroy, T. D. 1982 Storage Facilities and State Finance in the Upper Mantaro Valley, Peru. In Contexts for Prehistoric Exchange, edited by Ericson, J. and Earle, T., pp. 265–290. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Earle, T., Altroy, T. D., Hastorf, C., LeBlanc, C., Costin, C. L., Russell, G., and Sandefur, E. 1987 Archaeological Field Research in the Upper Mantaro Peru, 1982-1983. Investigations of Inka Expansion and Exchange. Monograph 27. Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Haas, J. 1987 The Exercise of Power in Early Andean State Development. In The Origins and Development of the Andean State, edited by Haas, J., Pozorski, T, and Pozorski, S., pp. 31–35. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.Google Scholar
Hagstrum, M. 1986 The Technology of Ceramic Production of Wanka and Inka Wares from the Yanamarca Valley, Peru. Ceramic Notes 3 : 1–29.Google Scholar
Hagstrum, M. 1989 Technological Continuity and Change : Ceramic Ethnoarchaeology in the Peruvian Andes. Unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Hastings, C. 1985 The Eastern Frontier : Settlement and Subsistence in the Andean Margins of Central Peru. Ph. D. dissertation, University of Michigan. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Hastorf, C. 1983 Prehistoric Agricultural Intensification and Political Development in the Jauja Region of Peru. Ph. D. dissertation, University of California. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Hastorf, C. 1985 The Effects of Inka Economics on Northern Wanka Agricultural Production in the Central Peruvian Andes. Paper presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Denver.Google Scholar
Hastorf, C. 1988a The Effect of the Inka Conquest on Sausa Agricultural Production and Food Consumption in the Central Peruvian Andes. Ms. on file, Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.Google Scholar
Hastorf, C. 1988b The Use of Paleoethnobotanical Data in Prehistoric Studies of Crop Production, Processing and Consumption. In Current Paleoethnobotany, edited by Hastorf, C. A. and Popper, V. S., pp. 119–144. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Hastorf, C. n. d. Bayesian Paleoethno botany. In Bayesian Statistics III, edited by Bernardo, J., DeGroot, M. H., Lindley, D. V., and F., A. M. Smith. North Holland, New York, in press.Google Scholar
Hodder, I. 1983 Symbols in Action. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.Google Scholar
Howe, E. 1983 Metales provenientes del alto Mantaro : Un andlisis preliminar. Submitted to the Instituto Nacional de Cultura, Lima.Google Scholar
Kurtz, D. V. 1978 The Legitimation of the Aztec State. In The Early State, edited by M, H. J. Claessen and Skalnik, P., pp. 169–189. Mouton, The Hague.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
La Lone, M., and Lone, D. La 1987 The Inka State in the Southern Highlands : State Administrative and Production Enclaves. Ethnohistory 34 : 47–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lavallee, D. 1967 Types ceramiques des Andes Centrales du Perou. Journal de Societe des Americanistes 65 : 411–447.Google Scholar
Lavallee, D., and Julien, M. 1983 Asto : curacazgo prehispdnico de los Andes Centrales. Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, Lima.Google Scholar
LeBlanc, C. J. 1981 Late Prehispanic Huanca Settlement Patterns in the Yanamarca Valley, Peru. Ph. D. dissertation, University of California. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Lechtman, H. 1976 A Metallurgical Survey in the Peruvian Andes. Journal of Field Archaeology 3 : 1–42.Google Scholar
Lechtman, H. 1979 Issues in Andean Metallurgy. In Pre-columbian Metallurgy of South America, edited by Benson, E. P., pp. 1–40. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, D. C. Google Scholar
Lechtman, H. 1984 Andean Value Systems and the development of Prehistoric Metallurgy. Technology and Culture 25 : 1–36.Google Scholar
LeVine, T. Y. 1979 Prehistoric Political and Economic Change in Highland Peru : An Ethnohistorical Study of the Mantaro Valley. Unpublished Master's Thesis, Archaeology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
LeVine, T. Y. 1985 Inka Administration in the Central Highlands : A Comparative Study. Ph. D. dissertation, University of California. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Lorandi, A. M. 1984 Sonocamayoc : los olleros del Inka en los centros manufactureros del Tucuman. Revista del Museo de la Plata 8 : 303–327. La Plata, Argentina.Google Scholar
Lumbreras, L. 1957 La cultura Wanka. In Ondas Isabelinas, Organo Cultural de la Gran XJnidad Escolar Santa Isabel de Huancayo, pp. 15–18. Huancayo, Peru.Google Scholar
Lumbreras, L. 1959 Esquema arqueologico de la sierra central del Peru. Revista del Museo Nacional 28 : 64–117. Lima.Google Scholar
Marx, K. 1964 Pre-Capitalist Economic Formations. Translated by Cohen, J. and edited by Hobsbawm, E. J.. International Publishers, New York.Google Scholar
Matos Mendieta, R. 1959 Los Wankas, datos historicos y arqueologicos. Adas y Trabajos del II Congreso Nacional de Historia, Epoca Pre-hispdnica 2 : 187–210. Lima.Google Scholar
Moore, S. 1958 Power and Property in Inca Peru. Columbia University Press, New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, C. 1967 Storage in Tawantinsuyu. Ph. D. dissertation, University of Chicago. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Morris, C. 1978 The Archaeological Study of Andean Exchange Systems. In Social Archaeology : Beyond Subsistence and Dating, edited by Redman, C. L., Berman, M. J., Curtin, E. V., Langhorne, W. T. Jr., Versaggi, N. M., and Wanser, J. C., pp. 315–327. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Morris, C. 1982 The Infrastructure of Inka Control in the Peruvian Central Highlands. In The Inca and Aztec States 1400-1800 : Anthropology and History, edited by Collier, G. A., Rosaldo, R. I., and Wirth, J. D., pp. 119–152. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Morris, C, and Thompson, D. 1985 Hudnuco Pampa : An Inca City and Its Hinterland. Thames and Hudson, London.Google Scholar
Murra, J. 1978 Los olleros del Inka : Hacia una historia y arqueologia del Qollasuyu. In Historia, problema y promesa : Homenaje a Jorge Basadre, vol. 2, edited by C, M. Quesada, G. Y., F. Pease, and Sobrevilla A., D., pp. 415–423. Pontifica Universidad Catolica del Peru, Lima.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Netting, R. M. 1982 Some Home Truths on Household Size and Wealth. In Archaeology of the Household : Building a Prehistory of Domestic Life, edited by Wilk, R. R. and Rathje, W. L., pp. 641–662. American Behavioral Scientist 25(6). Sage, Beverly Hills.Google Scholar
Owen, B. 1986 The Role of Common Metal Objects in the Inka State. Unpublished Master's thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Owen, B., and Norconk, M. 1987 Analysis of Human Burials, 1977-1983 Field Seasons : Demographic Profiles and Burial Practices. In Archaeological Field Research in the Upper Mantaro Peru, 1982-1983 : Investigations of Inka Expansion and Exchange, edited by Earle, T., Altroy, T. D., Hastorf, C., LeBlanc, C., Costin, C. L., Russell, G., and Sandefur, E., pp. 107–123. Monograph 27. Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Owen, B., Russell, G., and Costin, C. L. 1988 The Impact of Inka Policy on the Wanka Populace. Paper presented at the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Phoenix.Google Scholar
Popper, V. S. 1988 Selecting Quantitative Measurements in Paleoethnobotany. In Current Paleoethnobotany, edited by Hastorf, C. A. and Popper, V. S., pp. 53–71. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar
Powell, M. L. 1988 Status and Health in Prehistory : A Case Study of the Moundville Chiefdom. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington.Google Scholar
Rowe, J. 1946 Inca Culture at the Time of the Spanish Conquest. In Handbook of South American Indians, vol. 2, edited by Steward, J. H., pp. 183–330. Bulletin 143, pt. 2. Bureau of American Ethnology, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Google Scholar
Rowe, J. 1982 Inca Policies and Institutions Relating to the Cultural Unification of the Empire. In The Inca and Aztec States 1400-1800 : Anthropology and History, edited by Collier, G. A., Rosaldo, R. I., and Wirth, J. D., pp. 93–118. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Russell, G. 1988 The Impact of lnka Policy on the Domestic Economy of the Wanka, Peru : Stone Tool Production and Use. Unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Sandefur, E. 1988 Andean Zooarchaeology : Animal Use and Inka Conquest of the Upper Mantaro Valley. Unpublished Ph. D. dissertation, Archaeology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Schaedel, R. P. 1978 Early State of the Incas. In The Early State, edited by Claessen, H. J. M. and Skalnik, P., pp. 289–320. Mouton, The Hague.Google Scholar
Silverblatt, I. 1988 Imperial Dilemmas, the Politics of Kinship, and Inca Reconstructions of History. Comparative Studies in Society and History 30(1) : 83–102.Google Scholar
Smith, M. E. 1987 Household Possessions and Wealth in Agrarian States : Implications for Archaeology. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 6 : 297–335.Google Scholar
Stein, P. 1975 The Inca's Hospitality : Food Processing and Distribution at Huanuco Viejo. Paper presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Dallas.Google Scholar
Winterhalder, B. 1981 Optimal Foraging Strategies and Hunter-Gatherer Research in Anthropology : Theory and Models. In Hunter-Gatherer Foraging Strategies, edited by Winterhalder, B. and Smith, E. A., pp. 13–35. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Google Scholar