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Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 2022 Volume 150, Issue 5-6, Pages: 288-294
https://doi.org/10.2298/SARH210328031P
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Left breast radiotherapy – the impact of heart and left anterior descending artery doses to cardiovascular diseases developed eight years after treatment

Petrović Borislava ORCID iD icon (University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, Novi Sad, Serbia + Institute of Oncology Vojvodina, Radiotherapy Department, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia), borislava.petrovic@df.uns.ac.rs
Petrović Milovan ORCID iD icon (University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia + Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Vojvodina, Cardiology Clinic, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia)
Đuran Branislav (Institute of Oncology Vojvodina, Radiotherapy Department, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia + University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia)
Đan Igor (Institute of Oncology Vojvodina, Radiotherapy Department, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia + University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia)
Miljković Tatjana (University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia + Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Vojvodina, Cardiology Clinic, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia)
Čanković Milenko ORCID iD icon (University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia + Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Vojvodina, Cardiology Clinic, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia)
Pesznyak Csilla (Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Institute of Nuclear Techniques, Budapest, Hungary)
Rutonjski Laza (University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, Novi Sad, Serbia + Institute of Oncology Vojvodina, Radiotherapy Department, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia)
Ivanov Olivera ORCID iD icon (Institute of Oncology Vojvodina, Radiotherapy Department, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia + University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Novi Sad, Serbia)

Introduction/Objective Left breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy are at higher risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), as a partial volume of the heart is anatomically close to target volume. This may cause CVD in the years following cancer treatment. The aim of this work was to develop a scoring system which identifies patients with increased risk of development of CVD, as a consequence of the left breast irradiation. Methods The patients followed up in this study were treated during 2009. Eight years later, they were invited to participate in a study where they underwent a cardiology evaluation. Their current condition was statistically correlated to the doses received by their heart and left anterior descendant artery (LAD). Results Out of 114 patients, 31 women were evaluable for cardiology assessment. Out of these 31 subjects, six women were with a history of CVD before cancer treatment. Four women never developed any kind of heart associated disease, while in the other 27, newly onset CVD were diagnosed ranging from hypertension to myocardial infarction, strongly positively correlated to doses to heart and LAD (p = 0.003). Severity of developed cardiovascular toxicity was formulated through the correlation of mean heart and mean LAD doses with CVD developed in the form of a scoring system. Conclusion The doses to critical organs depend on patient anatomy and technique of irradiation. The cardiovascular complications are proven as consequence of radiotherapy. Scoring system based on doses received by heart and LAD is a reliable tool in predicting CVD.

Keywords: cardiotoxicity, computer-assisted radiotherapy planning, left-sided breast cancer, radiotherapy

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