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Vojnosanitetski pregled 2022 Volume 79, Issue 8, Pages: 796-804
https://doi.org/10.2298/VSP200924053J
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Optimal duration of therapy in the first line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: Single center experience

Jungić Saša (University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, Oncology Clinic, Banjaluka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina + University of Banjaluka, Faculty of Medicine, Banjaluka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Tubić Biljana (University of Banjaluka, Faculty of Medicine, Banjaluka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina + Agency for Medicines and Medical Devices of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Banjaluka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Berendika Jelena (University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, Oncology Clinic, Banjaluka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina), jberendika@gmail.com
Gojković Zdenka (University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, Oncology Clinic, Banjaluka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina; †University of Banjaluka, Faculty of Medicine, Banjaluka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina + University of Banjaluka, Faculty of Medicine, Banjaluka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Rakita Ivanka (University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, Oncology Clinic, Banjaluka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Vještica Milka (University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, Oncology Clinic, Banjaluka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Đokanović Dejan (University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, Oncology Clinic, Banjaluka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Gajanin Radoslav (University of Banjaluka, Faculty of Medicine, Banjaluka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina + University of Banjaluka, Faculty of Medicine, Banjaluka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina)

Background/Aim. Standard treatment options for the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC) are 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid, oxaliplatin (FOL-FOX4)/capecitabine (CapOx), plus bevacizumab (bev) and 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) plus bev. The aim of this study was to compare overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) in patients with mCRC who were treated in the first line with FOLFIRI/bev vs. FOLFOX4/bev. At the same time, the aim was also to compare the safety profile in the observed groups of patients and to investigate optimal treatment duration and characteristics of patients who had the best treatment outcomes. Methods. The retrospective-prospective study included patients with mCRC treated with chemotherapy protocols for the first line in combination with bev (FOLFOX4/bev, respectively, FOLFIRI/bev). Treatment efficacy was evaluated on the basis of ORR, PFS, and OS, and the safety of treatment was evaluated by monitoring adverse drug reactions (ADR). Results. ORR was 70% in the FOLFIRI/bev group and 50% in the FOL-FOX4/bev group. Median PFS for FOLFIRI/bev (n = 30) and for FOLFOX4/bev (n = 30) was 15.6 months and 12.1 months, respectively [hazard ratio (HR) 0.85; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.47–1.53; p = 0.5591]. Median OS for FOLFIRI/bev and for FOLFOX4/bev was 24.7 months and 19.9 months, respectively (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.37–1.23; p = 0.1552). In both patient groups, the patients who received more than 9 cycles of induction therapy had better treatment response compared with patients who received less than 9 cycles of therapy. In the FOLFOX4/bev group, PFS was 16.9 vs. 9.7 months, and OS was 22.1 vs. 17.6 months, respectively. In the FOLFIRI/bev group, PFS was 9 months for patients who received less than 9 cycles of therapy vs. 18.8 months for patients who received more than 9 cycles, and OS was 18.0 months vs. 27.7 months, respectively. ADR grade 3 and 4 had 7% of the patients in the FOLFIRI/bev group vs. 27% in the FOLFOX4/bev group. Conclusion. Patients who received FOLFIRI/bev compared to those treated with FOLFOX4/bev had better ORR (70% vs. 50 %, respectively), PFS (15.6 months vs. 12.1 months, respectively), and OS (24.7 months vs. 19.9 months, respectively). In both patient groups, the patients who received induction therapy for 4–6 months (more than 9 cycles of therapy) had a better treatment response.

Keywords: clinical protocols, colorectal neoplasms, drug-related side effects and adverse reactions, duration of therapy, folfox protocol, ifl protocol, neoplasm metastasis, survival

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