تعیین محتوی و ارزیابی خطر بالقوه بوم‌شناختی هیدروکربن‌های آروماتیک چندحلقه‌ای (PAHs) در خاک سطحی اطراف مجتمع دفع و پردازش پسماند جامد شهری آرادکوه تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران

2 دانشیار علوم محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران

3 استادیار علوم محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران

چکیده

هیدروکربن‌های آروماتیک چندحلقه‌ای (PAHs) آلاینده‌های فراگیر با قابلیت ناهنجاری‌زایی، جهش‌زایی و سرطان‌زایی هستند که وجود آن‌ها در محیط و یا قرار گرفتن در معرض آن‌ها می‌تواند خطرات بالقوه‌ای را برای محیط‌زیست و سلامت انسان بدنبال داشته باشد. بنابراین، این مطالعه با هدف شناسایی، تعیین مقادیر و ارزیابی خطر بوم‌شناختی PAHها در نمونه‌های خاک سطحی در مجاورت مجتمع پردازش و بازیافت آرادکوه تهران در سال 1399 انجام شد. بدین منظور، 30 نمونه خاک سطحی از 10 ایستگاه نمونه‌برداری در مجاورت مجتمع آرادکوه جمع‌آوری شد. پس از استخراج آنالیت‌ها، از روش کروماتوگرافی گازی-طیف‌سنجی جرمی (GC-MS) برای شناسایی و تعیین محتوی ترکیبات PAH در نمونه‌ها استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که، مجموع غلظت 16 هیدروکربن آروماتیک شناسایی شده از 863 تا 1384 میکروگرم در کیلوگرم با میانگین 1123 میکروگرم در کیلوگرم متغیر بود. از طرفی، ترکیبات کرایسن و بنزو (جی،اچ،آی) پریلندر نمونه‌های خاک "فاقد خطر بوم‌شناختی" و سایر ترکیبات واجد "خطر بوم‌شناختی متوسط" بودند. از طرفی، با توجه به مقادیر محاسبه شده  RQ∑PAHs(MPCsکه برای همه ایستگاه‌های نمونه‌برداری کوچک‌تر از 800 بود، نتیجه گرفته شد که خطر بوم‌شناختی مربوط به مجموع مقادیر 16 ترکیب PAHنمونه‌های خاک در همه ایستگاه‌ها در دسته "خطر متوسط 2" بود. نتایج مقایسه میانگین مقادیر ترکیبات PAH شناسایی شده در نمونه‌ها با بیشینه رواداری (MAC) سازمان حفاظت محیط‌زیست ایران نشان داد که بجز در مورد ترکیباتبنزو (آلفا) آنتراسن (B(a)A) و بنزو (جی،اچ،آی) پریلن (B(ghi)p )، میانگین غلظت سایر ترکیبات PAH کوچک‌تر از حد مجاز بوده است. علاوه بر این، میانگین محتوی همه ترکیبات PAH شناسایی شده در نمونه‌های خاک سطحی منطقه مورد مطالعه از بیشینه رواداری وزارت بهداشت آلمان کوچک‌تر بود. به طور کلی، با توجه به مخاطرات هیدروکربن‌های آروماتیک چندحلقه‌ای بر سلامت محیط و انسان، نسبت به شناسایی، تعیین محتوی، منشاء‌یابی و نظارت منظم و دوره‌ای این ترکیبات در محیط و کنترل منابع تولید آن‌ها به منظور حفظ سلامت شهروندان توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Concentrations and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Surface Soils from Vicinity of Arad-Kouh Processing and Disposal Complex, Tehran, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyedeh Maryam Mohammadi 1
  • Bahareh Lorestani 2
  • Soheil Sobhan Ardakani 2
  • Mehrdad Cheraghi 2
  • Maryam Kiani Sadr 3
1 PhD. Candidate, Dept. of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Dept. of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan
3 Assistant Professor, Dept. of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous pollutants with teratogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic potential, which can pose potential risks to the environment and human health. Therefore, this study was conducted todetect and assess the potential ecological risk of PAHs in surface soils in the vicinity of Arad-Kouh Processing and Disposal Complex, Tehran, Iran, in 2020. In so doing, 30 surface soil samples were collected from 10 sampling sites adjacent to the Arad-Kouh complex. After extraction of analytes, the gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method was used for determination of 16 PAHs in the samples. The results showed that the total concentrations of 16 PAHs (∑16PAHs) ranged from 863 to 1384 µg/kg with an average of 1123 µg/kg. Moreover, Chy and B(ghi)P showed no potential ecological risk, while other PAHs had a moderate potential ecological risk. Also, as computed values of RQ∑PAHs(MPCs for all the sampling sites were lower than 800, the total ecological risk of PAHs in surface soil samples of the study area was classified in the moderate-risk2 category. Based on the results, although the mean concentrations of B(a)A and B(ghi)p < /span> were higher than MPC established by Iranian Department of Environment, the mean concentrations of all of the 16 PAHs were lower than MPC established by MHWS. Overall, since PAHs have adverse effects on human health, detection and determination of concentration, source identification, and also periodical monitoring of these compounds in the environment is recommended in order to safeguard human health maintenance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Municipal solid waste
  • Human health
  • Ubiquitous pollutants

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پژوهش های خاک
دوره 34، شماره 4
اسفند 1399
صفحه 515-528

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