همکاری با انجمن علمی مدیریت و کنترل مناطق بیابانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجو دکترای بیابان زدایی، دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران،

2 دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

3 استاد، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 عضو انجمن علمی شتر ایران

چکیده

     مراتع از گونه‌های مختلف گیاهی با خصوصیات رویشی متفاوت تشکیل شده که ارزش چرایی معینی دارند. ازاین‌رو دام چراکننده نیز برحسب آن از خود رفتار چرایی خاصی بروز می‌دهد. بدون شناخت این رفتارها، برنامه‌ریزی و مدیریت مرتع و دام مقدور نمی‌باشد. این پژوهش طی سال‌های 1394 تا 1396 در مراتع حاشیه کویر طبس بر روی گله‌های شتر انجام شد. پارامترهایی مانند مدت زمان چرا، مدت زمان استراحت، زمان حرکت دام، طول مسافت طی‌شده و سرعت حرکت دام با استفاده از دستگاه GPS بررسی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که در فصول بهار، تابستان، پاییز و زمستان مدت زمان چرا، زمان حرکت دام، طول مسافت طی‌شده و سرعت حرکت دام در سطح 1 درصد و پارامتر مدت زمان استراحت در سطح 5 درصد دارای اختلاف معنی‌دار بودند. بیشترین مدت زمان چرا (342 دقیقه)، مدت زمان استراحت (119 دقیقه) و طول مسافت طی شده (66/21 کیلومتر) توسط شتر در مراتع مورد مطالعه در فصل تابستان و کمترین آنها در فصل زمستان بود. بیشترین سرعت حرکت (12/2 کیلومتر بر ساعت) و زمان حرکت (359 دقیقه) در فصل بهار و کمترین آنها در فصل زمستان بود. بنابراین اطلاع از پارامترهای مذکور مدیریت مرتع را در تعیین زمان مناسب برای حرکت شتر در مرتع یاری کرده و سبب افزایش عملکرد دام خواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of grazing behavior of camels in the rangelands of Tabas desert

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Abolghasemi 1
  • Hannaneh Mohammadi Kangarani 2
  • Hosein Azarnivand 3
  • Mohammadali Emami Meybodi 4

1 Phd student Desertification university of Hormozgan, Bandarabbas, Iran

2 , Assistant Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources university of Hormozgan, Bandarabbas, Iran

3 Prof., Faculty of Natural Resources university of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

4 Member of Iranian Camel Scientific Society, Iran

چکیده [English]

   Rangelands are composed of different plant species with different vegetative characteristics that have a certain grazing value. Hence, the grazing livestock also shows a special grazing behavior according to it. Without knowing these behaviors, planning and managing rangelands and livestock is not possible. This research was carried out on camel herds in the rangelands of the Tabas desert from 2015 to 2017. Parameters such as grazing time, rest time, livestock movement time, distance traveled, and livestock movement speed were examined by GPS. The results showed that in spring, summer, fall, and winter, grazing time, livestock movement time, distance traveled, livestock movement speed at (p < /em><0.01), and rest time at (p < /em><0.05) were significantly different. The highest grazing time (342 minutes), rest time (119 minutes), and distance traveled (21.66 km) by camels in the studied rangelands were in summer and the lowest in winter. The highest speed (2.12 km/h) and travel time (359 minutes) were in spring and the lowest in winter. Therefore, knowing the mentioned parameters will help the rangeland management in determining the appropriate time for the camel to move in the rangeland and will increase the livestock performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Grazing time
  • livestock
  • range management
  • grazing value
  • rest time
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