غشاهای نانوکامپوزیتی بر پایه پلی‌(اتر اتر کتون) سولفون‌دارشده و مونت‌موریلونیت آلی اصلاح‌شده در پیل سوختی متانول مستقیم

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 تهران، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، دانشکده مهندسی پلیمر و رنگ، صندوق پستی 15875-4413

2 اهواز، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، گروه مهندسی شیمی، کد پستی 6135783151

3 اصفهان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، دانشکده پزشکی، گروه علوم تشریحی، کد پستی 8174673461

4 ارومیه، دانشگاه ارومیه، دانشکده شیمی، گروه شیمی کاربردی، صندوق پستی 165

5 بابل، دانشگاه صنعتی نوشیروانی بابل، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، صندوق پستی 484

چکیده

فرضیه: اصلاح پلیمرهای آروماتیک مانند پلی‌اتر اتر کتون (PEEK) طی فرایند سولفون‌دارشدن می‌تواند موجب تهیه غشاهای پلی‌الکترولیت برای جایگزینی غشای تجاری نفیون در پیل‌های سوختی متانول مستقیم (DMFC) شود. مقدار رسانندگی پروتون در این غشاها، با افزایش گروه‌های سولفونیک اسید به ساختار افزایش می‌یابد. با توجه به نقش مؤثر نانومواد در کاهش مقدار تراوایی در نانوکامپوزیت‌ها، افزودن نانورس‌ مونت‌موریلونیت آلی اصلاح‌شده (OMMT) به ماتریس‌های سولفون‌دارشده با درجه سولفون‌دارشدن بهینه، می‌تواند موجب کاهش تراوایی متانول و افزایش کارایی پیل شود.
روش‌ها: PEEK با سولفوریک اسید در حالت محلول، با درجه‌های مختلف سولفون‌دار شد. طبق پارامتر گزینش‌پذیری، درجه بهینه سولفون‌دارشدن (DS)‌ معرفی شد. برای تهیه غشاهای نانوکامپوزیتی، با استفاده از همزن فراصوتی، مقادیر متفاوتی از نانورس‌های مونت‌موریلونیت (MMT) و OMMT (شامل Cloisite 15A و MMT اصلاح‌شده با کیتوسان (CMMT) به پلیمر سولفون‌دارشده با درجه سولفون‌دارشدن بهینه اضافه شد و مخلوط حاصل قالب‌ریزی شد. ظرفیت تبادل یونی غشاها اندازه‌گیری شد. پارامتر گزینش‌پذیری (نسبت رسانندگی پروتون به تراوایی متانول) در دمای 25 درجه سلسیوس و عملکرد پیل سوختی متانول مستقیم (direct methanol fuel cell, DMFC) در دمای 25 درجه سلسیوس و خوراک 1M  از متانول برای غشاهای مختلف تعیین و نتایج با نفیون 117 مقایسه شد.
یافته‌ها: درجه گزینش‌پذیری بهینه برای پلی‌اتر اتر کتون سولفون‌دارشده (SPEEK) به مقدار %62 تعیین شد. الگوهای پراش پرتو X تأیید کرد، نانورس‌ها در ساختار نانوکامپوزیت‌ها در مقادیر کم (wt %1) ورقه‌ای‌ شده‌اند. مقدار رسانندگی پروتون و تراوایی متانول و نیز آزمون عملکرد نشان داد، غشای نانوکامپوزیتی بر پایه SPEEK/CMMT بیشترین مقدار حداکثر چگالی توان تولید انرژی را در مقایسه با سایر غشاهای نانوکامپوزیتی یا نفیون 117دارد. بر این اساس غشاهای پلی‌الکترولیت SPEEK/CMMT برای کاربردهای پیل سوختی متانولی نویدبخش است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) and Organically Modified Montmorillonite Nanocomposite Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Tohidian 1
  • Seifollah Jamalpour 2
  • Kosar Arab 1
  • Mobina Tohidian 3
  • Khadijeh houshyari 4
  • shahrzad rahmani 5
1 Department of Polymer Engineering and Color Technology, Amirkabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Postal Code 6135783151, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Postal Code 8174673461, Isfahan, Iran
4 Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, P.O. Box 165, Urmia, Iran
5 Department of Chemical Engineering, BabolNoshirvani University of Technology, P.O. Box 484, Babol, Iran
چکیده [English]

Hypothesis: The modification of aromatic polymers, such as poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK), by sulfonation modification, can result in fabricating polyelectrolyte membranes (PEMs) as the alternatives to Nafion for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) applications. Due to the effective role of nanomaterials in reducing the permeability in nanocomposites, the addition of natural or organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) nanofillers to the sulfonated matrix, with the optimum degree of sulfonation, can reduce the methanol permeability and increase the efficiency of the fuel cell.
Methods: PEEK was sulfonated at various degrees in solution state. Based on the selectivity parameter, the optimal degree of sulfonation (DS) was introduced. In order to prepare the nanocomposite membranes, using an ultrasonic agitator, different amounts of MMT and OMMT (Cloisite 15A or chitosan-modified MMT (CMMT)) nanofillers were added to the sulfonated polymer with optimal DS, and the resulting mixtures were cast. In this study, the ion exchange capacities (IEC) of the membranes were measured. The selectivity parameter (as ratio of proton conductivity to methanol permeability) at 25°C, as well as DMFC performance at 25°C and 1M feed of methanol for different membranes were determined and the results were compared with those of Nafion 117.
Findings: The optimum DS for sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) was 62%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns proved that nanoclays were exfoliated in the structure of nanocomposites at small loading weight of 1% (by wt). The proton conductivity and methanol permeability, as well as the performance test, showed that SPEEK/CMMT-based nanocomposite membranes have the highest maximum power generation density compared to other nanocomposite membranes or Nafion 117. Accordingly, SPEEK/CMMT polymer electrolyte membranes are promising candidates for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) applications.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fuel cell
  • Polyelectrolyte membrane
  • Aromatic polymers
  • Montmorillonite
  • Proton conductivity

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مجله علوم و تکنولوژی پلیمر
دوره 35، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 180
مهر و آبان 1401
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