ارزیابی قابلیت شاخص‏های طیفی در بررسی تنش آبی درخت زیتون

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

3 استاد، گروه آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشکده علوم آب، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

طیف‏سنجی، امکان بررسی سریع و غیرمخرب وضعیت تنش آبی گیاه را فراهم می‏نماید. هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی قابلیت چندین شاخص‏ طیفی از جمله شاخص آب ()، شاخص نرمال آب 1-5 () و شاخص نرمال آب بر اساس انعکاس در طول موج‏های 960 و 940 نانومتر ()، در بررسی وضعیت تنش آبی درخت زیتون بود. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل دو رقم زیتون (کرونیکی و ) و چهار رژیم آبیاری (آبیاری برای تأمین 100، 85، 70 و 55 درصد از نیاز آبی گیاه) بود. نتایج نشان داد که درختان زیتون در تیمارهای متفاوت آبیاری برای تأمین 85، 70 و 55 درصد از نیاز آبی گیاه به‏طور متوسط نسبت به تیمار شاهد، به ترتیب در معرض حدود 11، 15 و 20 درصد کمبود آب خاک، قرار داشتند. به دلیل مقاومت بالای درخت زیتون در برابر تنش آبی، کم آبیاری در سطح 15، 30 و 45 درصد، تأثیر معنی‏داری در مقدار شاخص‏های طیفی مورد مطالعه نداشت. با این حال شاخص‏های طیفی با شاخص محتوای نسبی آب برگ گیاه، ارتباط خطی نزدیک و معنی‏دار داشت (**76/0*26/0). به‏طور کلی شاخص طیفی نرمال آب  کمترین ضریب تبیین را با شاخص محتوای نسبی آب برگ در طول اندازه‏گیری‏ها نشان داد (23-1 درصد کمتر از سایر شاخص‏های مورد مطالعه). بر اساس مقدار متوسط شاخص‏های طیفی و شاخص رطوبت نسبی آب برگ در طول دوره‏ی تحقیق، شاخص‏های طیفی ، ، ، ، ،  و ، به ترتیب رابطه‏ی بهتری با شاخص محتوای نسبی آب برگ زیتون نشان دادند. در نهایت می‏توان بیان کرد که شاخص‏های طیفی ،  و  می‏توانند جهت بررسی سریع و غیر مخرب وضعیت تنش آبی درخت زیتون، مورد استفاده قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Capability of Spectral Water Indices for Assessing Water stress in Olive Tree

نویسندگان [English]

  • Azimeh Asgari 1
  • Abdolrahim Hooshmand 2
  • Saeed BoroomandNasab 3
  • Shohre Zivdar 4
1 Ph. D. student, Irrigation and drainage department, Water science faculty, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Irrigation and drainage department, Water science faculty, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran
3 Full Professor, irrigation and drainage department, Water science faculty, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran
4 Assistant professor, Horticulture science department, Agriculture College, Shahid Chamran University, Ahwaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Spectrometric measurements have the potential for fast and non-destructive measurements of plant water stress. The aim of this work was to investigate the ability of several spectral water indices, including water index (WI), normalized spectral water indices 1-5 (NWI 1-5), and normalized water index based on wavelengths in 960 and 940 nm (NWI 960-940) for detection of water stress in olive trees. The experimental treatments involved two olive cultivars (Koroneiki and T2) and four water regimes (100%, 85%, 70%, and 55% of crop water requirement). Results showed that the olive trees in different water supplies 85%, 70%, and 55% of ETc were subjected to soil moisture deficit equal to 11, 15, and 20%, respectively, as compared to soil moisture of control treatment. Because of the high resistance of olive trees to water stress, water reduction at levels of 15, 30, and 45 percent did not have significant effects on spectral indices. However, spectral indices were closely and significantly linear associated with relative water content of the crop leaf (). Among all tested water spectral indices, NWI-2 showed the least consistent associations with relative water content of the leaf (ranging from 1–23% less than the ones in other tested indices). Based on the average amount of spectral indices and relative water content during the study period, NWI4, NWI5, NWI1, WI, NWI960-940, NWI3, and NWI2 showed a stronger relationship with the relative water content of olive leaves, respectively. In conclusion, spectral reflectance indices, WI, NWI 1-5, and NWI 960-940, could be useful for fast and non-destructive estimating of plant water stress.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Spectrometry
  • Spectral Index
  • Plant Water Stress
  • relative water content
  • Olive Tree

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تحقیقات آب و خاک ایران
دوره 51، شماره 1
فروردین 1399
صفحه 179-190

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